Roj Thaiv Qhov Ntev: Tus Qauv Tuab Thiab Dav Ntawm Aerated Qhob Thaiv Rau Kev Tsim Kho Sab Nrauv Ntawm Lub Tsev, Qhov Siab Thiab Qhov Hnyav Raws Li GOST

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Txhua leej txhua tus siv zog xaiv cov khoom zoo, tab sis cov peev nyiaj siv rau kev tsim lub tsev. Hauv kev rau siab kom txuag tau nyiaj, tib neeg tsis ib txwm xaiv cov khoom raw uas raug, uas ua rau kev tsim kho tsis tau zoo. Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv hauv tsev muab ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Niaj hnub no, aerated qhob yog xav tau zoo.

Cov yam ntxwv khoom

Aerated qhob thaiv yog pob zeb ntawm pob zeb dag. Cov roj thaiv yog tsim los ntawm cov qhob aerated tshwj xeeb.

Aerated qhob yog ib hom pob zeb ua kom ntxeem tau. Txhawm rau tsim nws, cov cement cement, cov xuab zeb quartz thiab cov roj tshwj xeeb tsim, xws li txhuas muab tshuaj lossis tshwj xeeb raug ncua, tau siv. Qee cov chaw tsim khoom sib xyaw cov ntsiab lus no nrog gypsum, tshauv lossis txiv qaub.

Qhov ua tau zoo yog cua sov kho hauv autoclaves ntawm qhov kub siab . Vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tshwm sim sab hauv lub autoclave, ua npuas dej ntawm cov cement slurry tau txais, ua raws li nws ua kom khov. Cov pores tsim sab hauv cov cement thaiv tawv. Rau qee cov tuam txhab tsim cov roj thaiv hauv cov khoom, cov voids nyob ntau dua yim caum feem pua. Qhov feem pua siab ntawm cov pores txhais tau tias cov khoom siv yog lub teeb yuag thiab, yog li ntawd, tsis ruaj khov. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov hws ntau dua, qhov ua kom thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom dhau los.

Ib qho ntxiv, cov neeg tsim khoom nyiam cov roj thaiv rau kev tsim cov kab hlau rhuav thiab cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob, vim cov khoom no muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb:

• tus nqi siab ntawm lub cev thiab tus yam ntxwv zoo;
• nce lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev.

Thaum txiav txim siab los siv aerated qhob thaiv hauv kev tsim kho, koj yuav tsum paub txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua qhov no, txij li txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem zam qhov kev xaiv tsis raug thiab them nyiaj ntau dhau rau cov khoom lag luam uas tsis zoo.

Qhov zoo tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li cov nkev thaiv suav nrog:

• lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo, yog tias lub tuab ntawm phab ntsa pob zeb yog peb puas millimetres, lub suab nrov tsim tawm tsawg dua 60 dB;
• tsawg ceev, uas yog, lub lightness ntawm lub thaiv, uas yog tsib lub sij hawm sib zog tshaj zoo tib yam pob zeb, thiab ob tug, thiab tej zaum peb lub sij hawm sib zog tshaj cib;
• yooj yim siv, aerated qhob yog txiav tau yooj yim nrog hacksaw ntawm ntoo;
• nrog tib lub tuab ntawm cov pa thaiv thiab cov cib, cov cua sov ua kom sov ntawm lub thaiv yog tsib zaug zoo dua;
• kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom tso cai rau ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv;
• kev tsim kho nrawm nce ntau zaus, txij li cov qhob thaiv loj thiab hloov mus txog kaum tsib cib ntawm 1NF hom ntawv;
• tsis muaj cov choj txias hauv cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj;
• pob nyiaj siv;
• aerated qhob khoom siv yog hluav taws tiv taus vim yog kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws ntawm aerated qhob

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov zoo, cov ntaub ntawv tseem muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo:

• qhov nqus dej noo ntau dua li cov khoom siv hauv tsev zoo sib xws;
• cov khoom siv dag zog tsawg.

Qhov loj me cuam tshuam dab tsi?

Qhov ntev ntawm aerated qhob blocks muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau lub tsev tag nrho. Lub tuab ntawm cov khoom siv no cuam tshuam rau lub zog, rwb thaiv tsev cua sov thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa raug tsa. Qhov tuab tuab ntawm cov pa roj av, nyob ntsiag to thiab sov dua nws yuav nyob hauv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov qhob aerated nrog cov tuab tuab tsawg kawg peb caug centimeters rau cov qauv ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov phab ntsa sab nrauv. Raws li rau cov qauv ntawm cov faib, ntawm no cov tuab yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj kaum lossis kaum tsib centimeters.

Ib qho ntxiv, qhov siab ntawm lub tsev thaiv cov nkev kuj cuam tshuam rau kev tsim kho

1. qhov siab dua, qhov tsawg dua koj yuav xav tau yuav cov pob zeb qhob. Qhov no yuav txuag koj cov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
2. qhov siab dua thiab du dua cov pob zeb aerated, lub zog hauv tsev yuav zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv tshem tawm cov tsos ntawm cov kab nrib pleb.

Txheem tsis

Qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom siv ua vaj tsev aerated tau npaj los siv hauv kev tsim kho yog nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej. Cov pa roj av muaj ntau lub hom phiaj sib txawv, tab sis ob hom kev thaiv yog qhov xav tau ntau hauv cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev: faib thiab phab ntsa. Qhov ntev ntawm ib lub pob zeb thaiv tau tswj raws li GOST cov qauv.

Tus qauv Gostovsky qhia tias qhov loj me yuav tsum haum rau cov hauv qab no:

• tuab (dav) - thaj tsam ntawm ib puas txog tsib puas millimeters;
• qhov siab - ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm ob puas rau peb puas millimeters;
• ntev txog rau puas puas millimeters.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsuas no sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom qhob aerated. Txhua qhov thaiv cov duab nws muaj nws tus kheej qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Tab sis nws tseem tsis hloov pauv rau txhua tus neeg uas qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, txawm tias qhov loj thiab qhov ntev, uas rau txhua hom yog rau puas thiab tsib caug millimeters.

Roj thaiv siv hauv kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa sab nrauv:

• cov kab ncaj - dav los ntawm ob puas rau peb puas millimeters, qhov siab los ntawm ob puas thiab tsib caug rau peb puas millimeters;
• ua raws li txoj kab zuag zuag thiab muaj cov tuav tuav - tuab yog sib npaug plaub puas millimeters, qhov siab yog ob puas thiab tsib caug millimeters:
• cov kab ncaj, nruab nrog tuav tuav - tuab yog plaub puas, qhov siab yog nees nkaum tsib millimeters;
• yooj yim nrog cov kab zuag zuag - peb lossis plaub puas los ntawm ob puas thiab tsib caug millimeters.

Gas thaiv rau muab faib:

• cov kab ncaj - dav ib puas thiab tsib caug millimeters, siab ob puas thiab tsib caug;
• muab faib phab ntsa - ib puas los ntawm ob puas thiab tsib caug millimeters.

U-shaped aerated qhob blocks sib txawv qhov loj me. Lawv siv rau kev tsim kho qhov rai thiab qhov rooj qhib. Lawv qhov dav yog los ntawm ob puas txog plaub puas millimeters, thiab lawv qhov siab yog ob puas thiab tsib caug millimeters.

Ntxiv rau cov hom teev tseg, cov khoom lag luam tau nthuav dav, nws cov tuab tsis ntau tshaj li xya caum-tsib millimeters. Lawv yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho ntawm sab hauv sab hauv, nrog rau kev tsim kho cov phab ntsa uas muaj lub nra ntawm lub tsev. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv.

Yuav xaiv li cas?

Coob leej neeg uas tsis paub txog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam tau ntsib teeb meem ntawm kev xaiv cov aerated qhob thaiv. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob xaiv qhov tsis raug, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub tsev tsis ruaj khov, thaum xaiv hom thaiv, nws raug nquahu kom ua raws cov qauv hauv qab no.

Thaum xaiv cov aerated qhob thaiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov khoom siv no tsis yog thoob ntiaj teb . Txhawm rau nqa tawm ntau hom tsev, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los xaiv cov khoom uas haum rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim kho. Rau kev tsim kho cov phab ntsa uas muaj lub nra hnyav thiab kev tsim kho cov peev txheej, cov phab ntsa thaiv tau tsim nyog; thaum txhim kho qhov muab faib sab hauv, muab faib ua hom roj thaiv. Nws tsis nyuaj to taub dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muab faib thaiv thiab phab ntsa thaiv yog tuab. Rau kev faib phab ntsa, nws tsis tshaj li ob puas millimeters.

Thiab kuj thaum xaiv, nws raug pom zoo kom qhia meej qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov thaiv. Kev ntom ntom siab qhia pom lub zog siab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov thermal conductivity siab. Thiaj li, cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog lub cim ntom ntom siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum xav txog rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Qhov nruab nrab ntom hom D500 yog nrov heev. Nws tsim nyog rau txhua hom kev tsim kho. Tab sis thaum txhim kho cov faib, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua los siv D500 hom.

Thaum xaiv qhov thaiv qhov dav, tus tsim tsev yuav tsum paub qhov loj ntawm qhov thaiv thiab ua qhov kev suav . Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau nkag siab tias yuav tsum muaj pes tsawg lub thaiv los txhim kho txhua phab ntsa. Ib qho ntxiv, nws raug nquahu los tshuaj xyuas nrog tus muag khoom txog qhov muaj kab zauv thiab kab nyob hauv cov thaiv. Qhov no yog qhov xav tau xav tau, tab sis ua tsaug rau qhov muaj cov ntsiab lus no, tso nws yooj yim dua, thiab kev siv cov kua nplaum ntau dua kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi ntawm hom thaiv no ntau dua li tus nqi ib txwm ua.

Lwm qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb uas koj xav tau vam khom thaum xaiv cov qhob thaiv aerated yog nws lub npe. Feem ntau, tsim cov aerated qhob blocks ntawm txhua lub npe tau ua hauv tib txoj kev uas siv cov cuab yeej zoo ib yam thiab cov khoom sib xws. Yog tias hauv khw muag khoom tus nqi ntawm ib lub npe tseem ceeb tshaj tus nqi ntawm lwm tus, tom qab ntawd hauv tus neeg yuav khoom tsuas yog them nyiaj ntau dua rau hom thiab lub koob meej ntawm tib lub npe. Ib qho ntxiv, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsim cov khoom lag luam. Feem ntau, tus nqi siab yog vim lub tsev nyob deb, thiab lub khw tau them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev xa khoom.

Thaum suav qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv, tus neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias kwv yees kev siv cov nplaum, uas, raws li cov tuam ntxhab, lawv ua tsis tau zoo heev. Feem ntau yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov siv pes tsawg ntawm cov khoom siv tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov pa roj thiab nws qhov ntev.

Raws li GOST tus qauv, tsis pub ntau dua tsib feem pua ntawm cov chips thiab cov khib nyiab ntawm cov khoom thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas no haum rau cov khoom lag luam ntawm qib ib. Cov khoom ntawm qib thib ob yog qhov muaj nyob hauv qhov ntsuas ntawm kaum feem pua. Chipped aerated qhob yog tsim rau txheej phab ntsa sab nrauv nrog tom qab cladding. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm hom kev thaiv no yuav txuag tau ib feem peb ntawm cov nqi npaj yuav siv rau cov khoom siv.

Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb kawg rau kev xaiv thaiv yog qhov sib koom ua ke . Los ntawm hom kev nplaum puag, qhov pom ntawm cov pa thaiv nws tus kheej kuj hloov pauv. Rau qhov screed qhuav, nws yuav tsum tau xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua qhov ntsuas. Lub thaiv yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj ib thiab ib nrab millimeters tuab. Kev tso kua nplaum kuj xav tau qhov sib txawv. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj li ob millimeters, thiab rau kev siv masonry siv mortars - tsis pub ntau tshaj tsib.