Ob Chav Cib: Qhov Ntev Ntawm Cov Khoom Sib Dhos, Cov Hollow Thiab Cov Khoom Ntxeem Tau, M-150 250x120x138

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov tsev, ntau tus kws tshaj lij tau ntsib nrog kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, uas yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog muaj kev zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj muaj kev ua tau zoo. Txhua qhov ntsuas no tau ua tiav los ntawm ob chav cib, yog li tsis ntev los no nws tau xav tau zoo. Ntxiv rau kev ntseeg tau thiab ua tau ntev, ob chav thaiv kuj tseem tso cai rau koj ua kom nrawm dua cov txheej txheem tsim kho, thiab 2 zaug tsawg dua cov tshuaj khib nyiab ua haujlwm tau siv rau hauv kev teeb tsa.

Peculiarities

Ob chav cib yog ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev uas muaj voids sab hauv. Nws qhov ntsuas ntawm lub zog thiab kev thev taus yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov cim tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv tom qab tsab ntawv "M". Piv txwv li, rau kev tsim vaj tsev ntau lub tsev, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv ob chav thaiv M-150. Yog tias nws tau npaj los tsim tsuas yog phab ntsa, tom qab ntawd ib lub cib ntawm M-100 hom yuav ua.

Txog kev tsim cov cib ob chav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, feem ntau yog cov av nplaum thawj zaug, cov dej thiab cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Kev tsim cov khoom siv yog ua los ntawm cov khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws thiab hauv tsev. Nyob ntawm kev tsim khoom thev naus laus zis, tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov slotted thiab ntxeem tau. Hauv qhov no, thawj hom sib txawv ntawm qhov thib ob los ntawm qhov muaj qhov qhib thiab qhov ntawm qhov sib txawv me me sab hauv. Ua tsaug rau sab hauv voids, qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom raug txo.

Txog rau hnub no, kev tsim cov cib ob npaug tau zoo dua qub, thiab tso cai tsim cov khoom thaiv ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg uas tshaj qhov tsim qauv. Nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv tsim khoom, cov khoom siv yuav txawv tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tsos, qauv, tab sis kuj hauv kev ua tau zoo. Ob chav cib ua tau raws li hauv qab no.

• Yas Ua ntej, av nplaum tau npaj nrog cov dej noo ntawm 18-30%, thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm tau tsim los ntawm nws. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv raw raug xa mus rau pwm, nias thiab raug rho tawm hauv chav nyob ntawm qhov kub siab. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov ua tau zoo ob ceramite uas zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim tsev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cov av noo ntau.
• Ib nrab qhuav . Hauv qhov no, thev naus laus zis muab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov dej noo tsis ntau tshaj 10%. Raws li GOST cov qauv, cov blocks yuav tsum muaj ob lub ceramites, thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov cib yuav tsum yog 25 × 12 × 14 mm.

Ua tsaug rau cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no thiab ntau yam ntxiv, ob lub cib tuaj yeem tsim tsis tsuas yog xim av xim av lossis xim liab, tab sis kuj nyob hauv lwm qhov ntxoov. Qhov no yooj yim xaiv cov khoom siv thaum tsim kho, vim nws zoo tagnrho rau txhua qhov haujlwm tsim. Ob chav cib tau siv rau yuav luag txhua qhov chaw tsim kho, lawv tau muab tso rau sab nrauv, sab hauv phab ntsa, thiab lub hauv paus. Qhov zoo ntawm cov thaiv xws li:

• siab thermal stability;
• kav ntev;
• ua tsis taus pa;
• tus nqi pheej yig;
• ceev ceev.

Raws li qhov ua tsis tau zoo, cov khoom siv ntawm qee hom muaj qhov hnyav loj, yog li ntawd, hauv thaj chaw nyuaj-mus txog, nws cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem nyuaj.

Ntau yam

Qhov muaj koob npe thiab xav tau loj rau ob chav cib yog vim nws qhov ua tau zoo. Nws tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv kev ntxhib los mos, qhov loj me, tus naj npawb ntawm qhov qhib thiab cov duab ntawm voids. Muaj ob hom kev thaiv nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw siv rau kev tsim khoom.

Silicate

Lawv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog kev tsim khoom yog ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm 90% xuab zeb thiab 10% dej. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom kuj muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv uas ua rau nws zoo dua. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv zoo ib puag ncig ib puag ncig uas zoo li pob zeb ntuj. Cov txheej txheem ua ob txheej silicate cib yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev nias qhov sib tov sib xyaw ntawm cov txiv qaub thiab cov xuab zeb, tom qab ntawd ntau yam xim ntxiv rau nws, thiab xa mus rau chav kho mob. Nws tuaj yeem yog hollow, slotted lossis ntxeem tau. Los ntawm lub zog, cov nplais silicate tau muab faib ua qib ntawm 75 txog 300.

Cov thaiv no feem ntau siv rau kev teeb tsa sab hauv thiab sab nrauv. Nws tsis yooj yim sua siv cov cib silicate rau kev tsim kho hauv qab daus thiab cov hauv paus ntawm cov tuam tsev, vim tias cov khoom tsis tiv taus ya raws, thiab thaum tsis muaj txheej txheej dej tsis tiv thaiv, nws tuaj yeem raug kev puas tsuaj. Nws tsis pom zoo kom ua ob lub silicate cib thiab tso cov kav dej, qhov cub. Nws yuav tsis tiv taus qhov raug mob mus ntev ntev.

Raws li qhov ua tau zoo, cov khoom no muaj suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab muaj cov duab geometric raug. Dua li ntawm qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm cov cib, lawv tso yog nrawm thiab yooj yim. Raws li lawv qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntaws ntab ntab ntab ntab ntab ntab ntaj 1.5a 1.5 1.5 x 1.5, Ib qho ntxiv, silicate ob chav thaiv yog 30% pheej yig dua li lwm hom.

Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, cov khoom siv no tau muab faib ua ntej, slag thiab tshauv. Txhua ntawm cov subspecies no yog npaj rau kev tsim kho cov chaw tshwj xeeb.

Tej hub

Lawv yog cov khoom siv niaj hnub tsim uas tau siv hauv yuav luag txhua hom kev tsim kho. Nws cov yam ntxwv tau txiav txim siab loj, uas feem ntau yog 250 × 120 × 138 mm. Ua tsaug rau qhov tsis yog-tus qauv qhov ntev, kev tsim kho tau nrawm dua, thiab kev siv cov pob zeb nchuav tau txo qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob lub cib ceramic tsis muaj txoj hauv kev qis dua hauv lub zog rau cov khoom thaiv, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim kho cov kabmob thiab kev txhawb nqa tus kheej hauv cov tsev tsis tshaj 18 m siab. rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, cov tuam tsev tso tawm ntawm nws ib txwm sov, thiab lawv tau saib xyuas tas li pom qhov microclimate zoo.

Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm ob npaug ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic yog nws cov nqi pheej yig, thaum ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom feem ntau ua cov nyiaj cheb zoo thaum yuav khoom thaiv rau kev tsim cov khoom loj. Cov thaiv no, ntxiv rau qhov ua tau zoo, kuj muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Feem ntau cib yog xim liab, tab sis nyob ntawm qhov ntxiv, nws tseem tuaj yeem tau txais lwm yam xim. Cov khoom lag luam yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig, thiab txawm tias siv ntev thiab nthuav tawm rau ib puag ncig sab nraud, nws tsis tso cov tshuaj phem.

Cov thaiv no tau thauj los ntawm cov pallets, qhov uas lawv feem ntau haum txog 256 daim. Raws li qhov cim, nws tuaj yeem sib txawv, ntau zaus tib neeg xaiv M-150 thiab M-75 cib rau kev tsim cov khoom. Ib qho ntxiv, ob npaug ntawm cov nplais pob zeb tau muab faib ua cov khoom thiab hollow; tsis tsuas yog lawv tus nqi, tab sis kuj lawv lub peev xwm cua sov nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas no. Hollow cib tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob, hauv qhov no tsuas yog siv cov cib ua tau zoo. Dua li qhov tseeb tias thawj qhov hnyav thiab txo qis tag nrho cov load ntawm lub hauv paus, qhov pib tawg hauv nws cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom sov.

Ib qho ntxiv, ob lub cib tau muab faib ua cov hauv qab no

• Ntiag tug Cov thaiv no zoo tshaj rau kev tso qhov cub, qhov cub thiab lub hauv paus. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas txheej pem hauv ntej xav tau kev ua tiav ntxiv.
• Ntsej muag . Nws tau tsim tawm hauv clinker thiab hyper-pressed versions. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov khoom tawv lossis hollow cib. Tsis zoo li cov pob zeb zoo tib yam, lub ntsej muag thaiv tau tsim hauv cov plaub hau, trapezoidal, sib npaug thiab sib tw. Raws li rau xim, nws yog xim av tsaus nti, txho, liab, daj thiab xim av.

Qhov ntev (kho kom raug)

Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob lub cib tau txiav txim siab yog nws qhov ntev, uas ntau dua qhov ntev ntawm ib leeg thiab ib thiab ib nrab ib nrab los ntawm yuav luag 2 zaug. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom yog me me, yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov khoom thauj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev raug txo. Qhov no yog vim muaj cov voids sab hauv cov thaiv, uas tuaj yeem nyob txog li 33% ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Raws li kev tsim vaj tsev raws li GOST 7484-78 thiab GOST 530-95, ob lub cib tuaj yeem tsim ua qhov loj me 250x120x138 mm, thaum cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom lag luam ntawm lwm qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov ntev ntawm cov cib nyob ntawm cov khoom siv raw uas nws tau tsim.

• Ob chav ceramic thaiv . Nws qhov ntev yog 250 × 120 × 140 mm, cov khoom siv no tau xaiv nrog 2.1 NF npav. Txij li qhov ntev ntawm cov cib yog 2 npaug siab dua qhov ntsuas ntawm cov qauv txheem, qhov ntsuas no cuam tshuam rau qhov siab ntawm kev teeb tsa.
• Ob chav silicate thaiv . Nws kuj tseem tsim tawm hauv qhov loj me ntawm 250 × 120 × 140 mm, nrog cov ntsuas no rau 1m3 ntawm cov masonry, mus txog 242 daim ntawm cov blocks yuav tsum tau ua. Txawm hais tias qhov ntev tau qhia tseg, cov khoom lag luam no muaj qhov hnyav txog li 5.4 kg, txij li thaum tsim cov khoom thaiv, cov khoom siv ntxiv tau ntxiv rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tiv taus te.

Ob chav cib tau ua nruj me ntsis raws li thev naus laus zis thiab tsim qauv, tab sis txij li qhov khoob ntawm cov khoom thaiv thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom raug rho tawm hauv qhov cub thiab ua haujlwm ntxiv, lawv qhov ntev tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv qhov ntsuas txog li 8%. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov ntev, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom nce lawv cov ntaub ntawv geometric ntawm theem tsim cov cib. Vim li ntawd, tom qab tso tawm, cov khoom lag luam tau txais. Txawm hais tias qhov no, GOST tso cai sib txawv los ntawm cov qauv txheem los ntawm 4 hli hauv qhov ntev thiab tsis ntau dua 3 hli hauv qhov dav.

Yuav suav li cas kom muaj nuj nqis?

Kev tsim kho cov chaw tshiab yog suav tias yog txoj haujlwm muaj lub luag haujlwm, yog li nws yuav tsum pib tsis yog nrog kev tsim, tab sis kuj suav nrog kev suav cov khoom. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lawv suav tus lej ntawm cov cib hauv ib lub voos xwmfab. Rau qhov no, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tuab ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab qhov dav ntawm cov masonry. Feem ntau, mus txog 242 units ntawm ob lub cib mus rau 1 m3, tab sis yog tias koj rho cov nqaws, tom qab ntawd daim duab yuav yog 200 daim, yog li, rau txhua qhov kev suav ntawm 1 m2 tsis suav nrog nqes, yuav tsum muaj 60 qhov thaiv, thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account - 52. Cov kev suav no yog tsim nyog yog tias cov qauv tau npaj tseg hauv ib kab, tsis ntau dua 250 hli tuab.

Rau cov txheej txheem nrog tuab ntawm 120 hli, yuav tsum muaj 30 units tsis suav nrog, thiab 26 suav nrog cov nqaws. Thaum txhim kho phab ntsa nrog tuab ntawm 380 mm, kev siv yuav yog, feem, 90 thiab 78 daim, thiab rau qhov tuab ntawm 510 mm - 120 thiab 104 units. Txhawm rau kom tau txais daim duab tseeb hauv kev suav, nws raug nquahu kom teeb ib lossis ntau qhov kev xeem kab yam tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem rau qhov piv txwv piv txwv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd suav txhua yam.

Ib qho ntxiv, kev siv cov cib nyob ntawm seb hom kev tsim kho ua haujlwm thiab pes tsawg lub voids sab hauv cov thaiv, vim qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem siv txog 50% ntawm qhov ntim. Yog li ntawd, yog tias nws tau npaj los tsim yam tsis muaj kev thaiv phab ntsa ntxiv, tom qab ntawd nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov cib nrog ntau qhov qhib, vim nws yuav muab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thauj khoom ntawm lub hauv paus, ua rau lub tsev sov, thiab yuav tsum muaj cov thaiv tsawg dua. rau masonry.

Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias ob lub cib tau tsim hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg, lawv cov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem txawv nrog qhov feem pua me me ntawm qhov ua yuam kev. Yog li ntawd, rau kev tsim cov tsev loj, nws raug nquahu kom xaj tag nrho cov cib ib zaug. Qhov no yuav tsis tsuas yog txuag koj los ntawm teeb meem nrog kev suav, tab sis kuj tseem yuav lav zoo ib yam ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov khoom.