Cement Mortar - Qhov Sib Piv: Yuav Ua Li Cas Dilute Thiab Ntau Npaum Li Cas Cov Xuab Zeb Thiab Cov Cement Hauv 1 M3, Qhov Sib Piv Ntawm Cov Khoom Thiab Kev Siv

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Maas yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv tsev siv hauv yuav luag txhua qhov kev lag luam hauv tebchaws. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom no, cov khoom lag luam muaj zog tuaj yeem tau txais uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav thiab tiv taus lwm yam kev cuam tshuam. Tab sis tag nrho cov yam ntxwv no tseem nyob ntawm cov khoom siv thiab siv tshuab ua noj. Cement mortars tau siv dav hauv kev tsim, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim rau ntau txoj haujlwm.

Peculiarities

Maas slurries yog cov khoom sib xyaw uas, tom qab tawv tawv, tsim cov qauv zoo. Cov khoom lag luam zoo sib xws muaj ntau qhov tseem ceeb.

• Xuab zeb . Nws tau siv los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb vim tias nws ua ke cov qauv zoo thiab lub zog muaj zog. Rau kev npaj cov kev daws teeb meem, dej los yog chaw txua txiag zeb tuaj yeem siv tau. Thawj hom khoom siv hauv monolithic kev tsim, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov khoom ruaj khov.
• Dej … Cov khoom no xav tau los khi cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement. Tus nqi ntawm cov kua tau xaiv nyob ntawm hom tshuaj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws teeb meem.
• Maas . Nws yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas ua tau zoo rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau lub npe ntawm cov cement tsim los siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Lawv txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas lub zog.
• Cov yas yas . Txuj ci, cov no yog ntau hom kev tsis huv uas tau npaj los hloov lub cev lossis tshuaj lom neeg lub zog ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Lawv tsis siv ntau npaum li lawv tuaj yeem ntxiv tus nqi tseem ceeb rau cov khoom.

Cov khoom lag luam no tau siv los daws cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

• plastering - phab ntsa tau npog nrog qee qhov kev daws teeb meem los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ntxiv rau kom qib hauv paus;
• masonry - cov cement sib xyaw ua ke zoo sib xws ua cov cib lossis cov nkev thaiv ua ke, yog li ntawd lawv tau siv los ua hom kua nplaum nyob sab hauv txhua lub nqaws;
• tsim cov txheej txheem ua vaj tsev.

Hom kev tsim thiab yuav tsum tau ua

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cement slurry yog nws lub zog. Nws yog vim qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov pauv ib thooj, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tau txais ntau hom sib xyaw. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog npaj los siv hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom npaj cov khoom kom raug thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho ntau yam khoom siv.

Hom

Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem rau kev faib cov cement sib xyaw ua hom yog qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw sab hauv. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tsuas muaj ib hom npe ntawm cov cement tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw. Tab sis lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv, vim tias lub zog yuav vam khom tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov khoom. Lawv tau muab faib ua ntau hom.

• M100 (M150) - cov sib xyaw ua ke no muaj lub zog qis. Rau lawv cov kev npaj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov cement qib M200 - M500. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xaiv qhov feem ntawm cov cement-sand Cheebtsam.
• M200 - Nov yog ib hom kev daws teeb meem feem ntau. Nws tau siv ntau zaus hauv lub neej txhua hnub rau kev tsim kho ntawm txoj hauv kev thiab lossis tsim cov txheej txheej uas tsis qiv lawv tus kheej rau qhov kev thauj khoom tseem ceeb. Qhov sib xyaw no ua kom qhuav sai, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws xav tau ua raws qee yam kev mob microclimatic.

• M300 - Hom kev daws teeb meem no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov pob zeb ua ke. Nws tau siv los npaj cov pob zeb ua ke, los ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj zog hauv qab no tau ua, cov hauv paus tau nchuav thiab ntau ntxiv.
• M400 - nws yog cov pob zeb ruaj khov, uas suav nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo ntawm cov cement (M350, M400, M500). Nws yog siv hauv kev tsim kho cov hauv paus rau cov tsev ntau lub tsev. Cov kev daws teeb meem no tsim lub hauv paus rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog hauv pem teb thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam zoo sib xws.
• M500 Nws yog cov pob zeb ruaj khov tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav heev. Nws khaws nws cov khoom qub rau ntau xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam kev ua kom khaus.

Tshuaj Ntxiv

Qhov zoo ntawm cov cement slurry nyob ntawm yuav luag tag nrho nws cov khoom uas muaj tam sim no sab hauv. Qee zaum cov khoom ntawm cov xuab zeb-cement sib xyaw tsis txaus, yog li koj yuav tsum hloov kho lawv rau qee yam kev mob.

Qhov teeb meem no daws los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau yam tsis huv rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv, qhov thiaj li hu ua kua iav tau txais. Cov khoom no yog siv rau phab ntsa plastering thiab lwm qhov chaw.

Ob peb yam khoom tau siv niaj hnub no los ua cov tshuaj cement

• Txiv qaub … Tsuas yog nws hom quenched tau siv los ua tshuaj ntxiv. Kev qhia txog cov khoom no tso cai rau koj kom nce me ntsis vapor permeability thiab lub zog. Tab sis txhawm rau txhawm rau npaj cov khoom lag luam zoo li no, koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov tseeb. Heev feem ntau plasters tau ua los ntawm cov kua qaub, uas tau ua tiav zoo rau phab ntsa.
• PVA … Cov kua nplaum txhim kho cov nplaum thiab yas ntawm cov tshuaj khib. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xaiv qhov raug ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv txhawm rau kom tau txais kev sib xyaw zoo.
• Detergents … Cov khoom zoo li no cuam tshuam rau cov yas ntawm cov tshuaj. Lawv tau ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tsuas yog tom qab dej. Ntawm no, ib yam nkaus, qhov koob tshuaj ntawm qhov tsis huv ntawm ib chav ntim yuav tsum tau ua.
• Carbon dub los yog graphite . Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm tsis cuam tshuam rau lub cev lub cev ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Lawv tsuas yog siv los zas xim los hloov xim ntawm cov khoom tiav.

Xuab zeb rau cement piv

Koj tseem tuaj yeem npaj cov cement-sand mortar hauv tsev, vim nws suav nrog cov khoom siv muaj. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev kom tau txais lawv hauv yuav luag txhua lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Tab sis cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv hauv qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb, uas qhov kev siv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv.

Cib ua cib

Kev sib tsoo cov cib yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov cement mortars. Rau cov laj thawj zoo li no, tsis tshwj xeeb cov npe muaj zog tau siv (txog M400). Txhawm rau kom tau txais qhov sib xyaw ua ke, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv cov av xuab zeb nruab nrab nrog qib qis tshaj plaws. Masonry mortar tuaj yeem npaj tau siv ntau hom cement. Tab sis qhov no yuav hloov pauv qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb. Qee qhov sib piv tau nthuav tawm hauv rooj 1.

Table 1. Cov feem ntawm cov khoom siv nyob ntawm seb hom cement

Maas hom	Ib feem ntawm cov xuab zeb	Ib feem ntawm cov cement	Txiv qaub
M500 (tsis muaj txiv qaub)			-
М400 (tsis muaj txiv qaub)	2, 5		-
M300	3, 5		2/10
M400	2, 5-4		1, 3/10
M500			2/10

Thov nco ntsoov tias nws raug nquahu kom suav raws li tsuas yog ib chav ntsuas. Feem ntau, txhua feem tau suav rau 1 m³. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub voos xwmfab yuav txawv.

Kev npaj ua vaj tse

Cov qauv ua vaj tse kuj tseem siv ntau hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau tsim hauv cov chaw tsim khoom lossis ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho. Lub zog ntawm cov khoom lag luam no tseem nyob ntawm cov cement yuav siv. Kev siv thev naus laus zis, tseem tuaj yeem ua los ntawm M100 qib tshuaj khib, tab sis nws yuav tsis tiv taus cov khoom hnyav thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm tsawg kawg.

Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb yog qhov muaj pob zeb tawg thiab lwm yam khoom siv pabcuam hauv kev sib xyaw. Lawv tau qhia nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov pauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom.

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias lawv tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv, nyob ntawm qhov ib puag ncig uas siv cov qhob noom xim kasfes.

Niaj hnub no, ntau tus kws tshaj lij siv xws li cov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke xws li:

• 4 daim ntawm tawg;
• 1 feem cement;
• 2 daim xuab zeb;
• ½ ib feem dej.

Thov nco ntsoov tias qhov feem yuav hloov pauv yog tias koj npaj yuav siv cov tshuaj polymer sib txawv sib txawv. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo saib cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov khoom tsis huv no.

Rau plaster thiab screed

Kev sau hauv pem teb feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov kua ua kua cement ntau. Qhov sib xws no tso cai rau koj faib cov sib tov sib xyaw ntawm cov substrate thiab tau txais kab rov tav. Plaster, ntawm qhov tod tes, yuav luag ib txwm tsuas yog cov xuab zeb ntshiab, xis mas thiab dej. Nws qhov ntom tuaj yeem sib txawv, vim nws txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov chaw nws tau npaj yuav siv.

Qhov feem ntau siv los tsim cov sib xyaw plaster yog qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement rau cov xuab zeb 1: 5.

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov screeds uas qiv lawv tus kheej rau qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis tu ncua. Rau cov chaw zoo li no, cov khoom siv nrog lub zog pib tsawg kawg 10 MPa yuav tsum tau siv. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov qhob ntawm qib tsis qis dua M150. Kev faib ua feem ntawm kev npaj cov tshuaj screed nyob ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• siv cov khoom sib xyaw los nkaum ntau yam kev sib txuas lus;
• txheej tuab tuab. Yog tias koj tsuas xav tau ntxiv dag zog rau hauv pem teb nrog qhov sib txawv me me, tom qab ntawd siv cov kua ntau dua. Rau cov txheej tuab, nws yog qhov xav tau siv hom kev daws teeb meem muaj zog.

Rooj 2. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement hauv screeds

Tshuaj qib (tshwm sim)	Cement qib	Ntau npaum li cas cov cement (ntu)	Cov xuab zeb (qhov)
M100	M200
M150	M300
M200	M300
M150	M400
M200	M400
M300	M300

Thov nco ntsoov tias cov feem ntawm cov khoom sib xws zoo ib yam hauv feem ntau. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lub zog ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm qhov tawm yog txawv. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab yog tias cov khoom yuav raug siv hauv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb.

Yuav ua li cas dilute kom raug?

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov cement slurries koom nrog sib xyaw txhua yam hauv ib ntu tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv ob peb theem ua ntu zus.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog hom kev daws teeb meem uas koj xav tau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, them nyiaj mloog rau lub zog ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke. Yog tias qhov ntsuas no yog qhov tseem ceeb, kev suav ntxiv ntawm txhua qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov qauv lossis cov qauv

• Nyob rau theem no, cov khoom sib xyaw qhuav tau sib xyaw, qhov ntim uas ntsuas hauv 1 m³ lossis lwm chav nyob zoo sib xws. Ua ntej sib tov cov tshuaj khib, sib tov cov xuab zeb thiab xis mas kom tau txais kev sib tov sib xyaw. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau siv cov tshuaj qhuav.
• Thaum kev npaj ua tiav, koj tuaj yeem dilute qhov sib tov. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, dej maj mam ntxiv rau nws thiab txhua qhov sib xyaw tau sib xyaw kom huv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke lossis lwm yam khoom siv kho tshuab. Qhov sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj khib yog kho nrog kua.

Tswv yim & Tricks

Grouting yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim. Hauv nws qhov kev siv, nws tseem pom zoo kom ua raws ob peb txoj cai yooj yim pom zoo los ntawm cov khw thiab cov tsim kev paub dhau los, xws li:

• yog tias qhov sib xyaw yuav tsum yog yas, rau qhov no koj yuav tsum ntxiv xab npum kua rau nws. Nws yuav tsum tau tov nrog dej ua ntej;
• ntxiv dej hauv qhov me me. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem tswj qhov ntom ntom ntawm qhov sib xyaw, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov ntaub pua tsev lossis cov masonry;
• thaum tsim kho, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub npe ntawm cov cib nws tus kheej lossis lwm yam khoom siv. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo npaj cov khoom sib xyaw uas, raws li cov kev ntsuas no, yuav tsum ua ke. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais ib homogeneous qauv ntawm phab ntsa, uas yuav sib txawv hauv lub zog;
• txhawm rau ua kom cov cua sov ua kom sov zoo dua qub, nws tsim nyog ntxiv perlite rau lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hauv qhov no, lawv yuav tsum tau hloov qee yam ntawm cov xuab zeb;
• nws raug nquahu kom siv tsuas yog cov cement tshiab, cov qauv uas tsis muaj pob. Qhov no lav tau qhov ua tau zoo siab thiab sib xyaw ua ke.

Maas slurry yog cov khoom zoo heev rau cov txheej txheem muaj zog. Kev npaj sib xyaw kom raug yog tus yuam sij rau kev ruaj khov ntawm yuav luag txhua tus qauv thiab nws lub hauv paus.

Koj yuav kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement slurry hauv cov vis dis aus hauv qab no.