Muaj Pes Tsawg Lub Voos Ntawm Cov Xuab Zeb Nyob Hauv Lub Voos Xwmfab Ntawm Cov Qhob? Yuav Xav Tau Nyiaj Npaum Li Cas Rau 1 M3 Ntawm Cov Pob Zeb Sib Txawv Rau Cov Tshuaj Khib? Muaj

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Pob zeb ua ke, uas muab lub hauv paus lossis qhov chaw hauv lub vaj nrog lub zog txaus kom qhov chaw sib txuas ua ke ntev dua thiab tsis tawg tom qab ob peb hlis lossis ob peb xyoos, yuav tsum ua raws li cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement. Cia peb saib seb yuav siv cov xuab zeb ntau npaum li cas rau 1 lub voos xwmfab ntawm cov qhob?

Kev siv rau qhuav sib tov

Ua ntawv thov kom qhuav lossis ib nrab qhuav sib xyaw rau cov nplais nplais, txoj hauv kev lossis thaj chaw sab nraum lub tsev, tus tswv tau paub nrog cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov qib qhob uas tau xaiv. Rau nws, nyeg, cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement tau qhia ntawm lub ntim thawj. Cov chaw tsim khoom tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub hli ntawm cov tuab tuab tuab.

Hauv kev txiav txim, piv txwv li, kom tau cov tshuaj khib nyiab ntawm M100 lub npe, siv rau chav nyob, cov khoom sib xyaw no tau siv ntau npaum li 2 kg. Nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv 220 ml dej - rau txhua kilogram ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Piv txwv li, hauv ib chav ntawm 30 m2, yuav tsum tau muab lub laj kab uas muaj tuab li 4 cm tuab. Tom qab xam, tus tswv yuav pom tias hauv qhov no 120 kg ntawm kev sib xyaw tsim thiab 26.4 liv dej xav tau.

Cov qauv rau kev daws teeb meem sib txawv

Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov qhob ntawm tib qib rau cov txheej txheem sib txawv . Piv txwv li, hauv lub vaj, thaum nchuav tus ntaiv me me, siv cov pob zeb me me uas tsis muaj zog. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog lub hauv paus txhawb nrog kev txhawb nqa, ib qho ntawm cov muaj zog sib txuas tau siv los sib cuam tshuam cov khoom thauj tiag los ntawm cov phab ntsa, ru tsev ntawm lub tsev, plag tsev, muab faib, qhov rai thiab qhov rooj - nws muaj cov khoom hnyav ntau dua li ntawm tib neeg. taug kev nrog ntaiv thiab txoj kev … Kev suav yog ua rau txhua lub ntsuas 'meter' ntawm cov qhob.

Hauv kev tsim kho, cov cement uas muaj cov khoom sib xyaw tau siv rau nchuav lub hauv paus, hauv av screed, masonry ntawm cov tsev thaiv, plastering phab ntsa. Cov hom phiaj sib txawv ua tiav thaum ua tiav ib hom haujlwm tshwj xeeb qhia txog kev sib txawv ntawm cov cement los ntawm ib leeg.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov cement tau siv thaum siv cov plaster. Hauv daim ntawv teev npe no, qhov chaw thib ob tau muab rau pob zeb ua ke - ntxiv rau cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb, nws muaj cov pob zeb, cov pob zeb sib tsoo los yog slag, uas txo tus nqi ntawm cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb.

Cov qib ntawm cov pob zeb thiab cov tshuaj cement tau txiav txim siab raws li GOST - tom kawg hais txog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke:

• qhob qib M100 - 170 kg ntawm cov cement ib 1 m3 ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke;
• M150 - 200 kg;
• M200 - 240;
• M250 - 300;
• M300 - 350;
• M400 - 400;
• М500 - 450 kg ntawm cov cement ib "lub voos xwmfab" ntawm cov qhob.

Qib "siab dua" thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cement ntau dua, muaj zog dua thiab ruaj khov dua cov pob zeb ua kom tawv . Nws tsis pom zoo kom nteg ntau dua ib nrab tuj ntawm cov cement hauv cov pob zeb: cov txiaj ntsig zoo yuav tsis nce ntxiv. Tab sis cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thaum sib zog ua ke, yuav plam qhov khoom xav tau los ntawm nws. M300 thiab M400 pob zeb tau siv los ua lub hauv paus rau ntau lub tsev hauv tsev, hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog ntxiv thiab lwm yam khoom los ntawm qhov uas tau tsim lub skyscraper.

Yuav suav li cas kom raug?

Tsawg cov cement hauv cov pob zeb ua rau nce hauv kev txav mus los ntawm cov pob zeb uas tseem tsis tau tawv . Cov cementing tivthaiv nws tus kheej yog tus tuav: pob zeb thiab cov xuab zeb sib xyaw nrog nws, nrog qhov tsis txaus ntawm thawj zaug, yuav yooj yim kis mus rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv, ib nrab nkag los ntawm qhov tawg hauv daim ntawv. Tau ua yuam kev los ntawm ib qho kev suav suav thaum siv cov khoom sib xyaw, tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev txog li 5 feem ntawm "tsis" (pebbles thiab xuab zeb). Thaum khov, cov pob zeb zoo li no yuav tsis ruaj khov rau kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm nag lossis daus. Kev siv tshuaj me me ntau dhau ntawm cov cement tsis yog qhov yuam kev ua rau tuag: hauv ib lub cubic meter ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm M500 hom, piv txwv li, yuav tsis muaj 450, tab sis yog 470 kg ntawm cov cement.

Yog tias koj suav tus lej ntawm cov cement hauv ib lub npe tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qhob, ces qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement rau cov xuab zeb thiab cov pob zeb tawg yog los ntawm 2, 5-6 ntu ntawm cov muab tub lim mus rau ib feem ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke . Yog li, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tsis txhob ua phem dua li qhov ua los ntawm qib qib M300.

Kev siv cov pob zeb ntawm M240 hom (tsawg kawg rau ib zaj dab neeg peev txheej) yuav ua rau nws tawg sai, thiab cov phab ntsa kuj tseem yuav pom lawv tus kheej hauv qhov tawg ntawm cov ces kaum thiab lwm qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub tsev.

Npaj cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lawv tus kheej, tus tswv vam khom lub npe ntawm cov cement (cov no yog cov 100, 75, 50, thiab 25, txiav txim los ntawm kev piav qhia ntawm lub hnab) . Nws tsis txaus tsuas yog ua kom sib xyaw tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw, txawm hais tias qhov no kuj tseem ceeb. Qhov tseeb yog cov xuab zeb, raws li qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab hnyav tshaj plaws, feem ntau yuav poob, thiab dej thiab cement nce, uas siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov ntsuas uas nrov tshaj plaws yog lub thoob (10 lossis 12 liv dej).

Cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke yog 1 thoob ntawm cov cement rau 3 thoob ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab 5 thoob ntawm pob zeb . Nws yog qhov tsis lees paub siv cov xuab zeb tsis muaj noob: cov av nplaum hauv cov chaw txua zeb zeb av loam ua rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab los yog qhob, thiab hauv cov xuab zeb tsis kho lawv cov sib faib mus txog 15%. Rau cov ntoo zoo uas tsis tawg lossis tawg txawm tias tom qab ob peb xyoos lawm, siv 1 thoob cov cement rau 3 thoob ntawm cov noob los yog ntxuav cov xuab zeb. Ib txheej tuab ntawm 12 hli yuav xav tau 1600 g ntawm M400 qib cement lossis 1400 g ntawm M500 qib rau ib square meter ntawm kev pab them nqi. Rau kev ua cov cib nrog cov tuab tuab ntawm cov cib, 75 dm3 ntawm M100 cement mortar tau siv. Thaum siv cov cement qib M400, nws cov ntsiab lus hauv kev daws yog 1: 4 (20% xis mas). Ib lub cubic meter ntawm cov xuab zeb yuav xav tau 250 kg ntawm cov cement. Qhov ntim dej rau M500 cov cement kuj tseem muaj qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 4. Hais txog cov thoob - ib lub thoob ntawm M500 cement, 4 thoob cov xuab zeb, 7 liv dej.

Rau screed, 1 thoob ntawm cov cement tau siv rau 3 thoob ntawm cov xuab zeb . Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiav yog tias cov pob zeb ua kom tawv tawv yuav tsum tsis deform nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev thaum tsim thiab siv lub nra hnyav rau nws. Txhawm rau kom tau txais lub zog ntxiv, nws tau ywg dej ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub - twb tau ob peb teev tom qab pib teeb tsa. Qhov no tsis txhais tau tias koj tuaj yeem txuag tau cov cement. Tom qab ua ntawv thov, txheej txheej "screed" tsis tau kho tau ntxiv nrog me me ntawm cov cement huv thiab ua kom maj mam txhuam nrog lub lauj kaub. Tom qab ua kom tawv tawv, qhov saum npoo yuav du dua, ci dua thiab muaj zog dua. Thaum tau xaj lub tsheb (cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke) ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, qhia meej tias hom cement twg yog siv, hom twg ntawm cov pob zeb uas tus tswv ntawm lub tsev xav kom tau txais.

Yog tias koj tab tom npaj ua vaj tsev thiab nchuav nws rau koj tus kheej, ua tib zoo mloog zoo rau kev xaiv cov cement ntawm cov khoom xav tau. Qhov yuam kev yog fraught nrog pom pom kev puas tsuaj ntawm thaj chaw pov tseg lossis cov qauv txhawb nqa.