Slaked Txiv Qaub (54 Duab): Nws Yog Dab Tsi, Lub Cev Lub Cev Thiab Kev Siv Cov Khoom Muaj Dej, Yuav Ua Li Cas Tua Tau "fluff"

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Slaked txiv qaub yog tshuaj lom neeg uas siv los ntawm tib neeg hauv ntau yam haujlwm. Kev ua haujlwm kho yog tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Tab sis txhawm rau ua haujlwm kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj kom raug. Txhawm rau zam kev ua yuam kev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej ua ntej nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv slaked, ntau yam kev faib tawm ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab cov lus pom zoo rau lawv siv tau.

Peculiarities

Slaked txiv qaub yog cov khoom uas tau tsim thaum dej thiab calcium oxide sib xyaw. Hauv lwm txoj kev, xws li cov kua qaub hu ua fluff. Thaum tau txais cov kua qaub uas muaj dej ntau, lub zog tau tso tawm, uas yuav txaus rau rhaub dej lossis hlawv tsob ntoo. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov slaked muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ua los ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov dej uas ua rau lub nrawm nrawm. Qee zaum cov khoom no tau los ntawm kev hlawv cov thee.

Slaked txiv qaub yog hmoov dawb . Qee zaum nws zoo li cov nplais dawb uas tuaj yeem tiv taus raug rau qhov kub siab, nce txog 560 degrees. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov kub siab tshaj qhov txiaj ntsig no, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem thim rov qab ntawm kev decomposition rau hauv cov dej nrawm thiab dej tshwm sim. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog insoluble hauv cawv. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg yog Ca (OH) 2.

Cov khoom muaj tus lej ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo:

• muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv saum npoo av los ntawm ya raws;
• muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob;
• txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam qhob thiab cov cement mortars.

Qhov tsis zoo me me yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm siv cov khoom ntawd rau kev ua haujlwm tiav. Nws feem ntau yog siv ua txheej txheej nruab nrab.

Saib

Hydrated txiv qaub sib txawv. Nws yog tus tswv ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg rau qee yam uas txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm nws daim ntawv thov. Muaj ntau hom kev faib tawm rau cov tshuaj no.

Thawj qhov kos npe yog lub sijhawm nws siv los tua cov calcium oxide. Muaj ntau hom.

• Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tua tau zoo tshaj plaws tsis pub dhau 10 feeb (tsis hais txog qhov ntim thawj zaug). Qee zaum cov txheej txheem tshwm sim txawm tias nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv.
• Txiv qaub slaked ntawm qhov nruab nrab nrawm feem ntau hloov nws cov sib xyaw hauv peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib teev.
• Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg dhau 30 feeb, cov kua qaub tau muab cais ua cov tshuaj maj mam tso tawm.

Qhov kos npe thib ob ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov pob zeb lim dej sib xyaw yog qhov loj ntawm nws cov feem.

Muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam sib tsoo

• Cov pob zeb hauv av muaj feem feem ntau, feem ntau nws tau tsim tawm hauv tons.
• Muaj pes tsawg leeg nruab nrab feem - crushed txiv qaub. Cov khoom lag luam zoo li no feem ntau khaws cia hauv cov pob zeb thiab cov chaw khaws khoom.
• Cov khoom siv hmoov yog muag hauv qhov me me. Ib pob ntawv feem ntau hnyav ob peb kilograms.

Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv yuav suav nrog ntau yam axid suav nrog.

Raws li qhov tshwj xeeb no, cov tshuaj tau muab faib ua:

• calcium (feem ntau yog siv rau kev tso);
• dolomite (lawv deoxidize cov av zoo);
• magnesian compositions (siv rau plastering nto).

Ib tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog qhov ua kom tawv ntawm cov limestone muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob txoj kev, uas tom qab txiav txim siab txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg

Hydraulic hardening cov ntaub ntawv uas yog siv rau ntxiv dag zog. Lawv tau ntxiv rau cov kev daws teeb meem siv rau kev ua haujlwm hauv kev sib cuag nrog dej. Cov khoom no yog siv hauv kev tsim kho chaw tiv thaiv chaw nres nkoj lossis txuas hniav. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab lub khob noom cookie zoo ib yam. Kuj tseem muaj cov hydraulic siab thiab tsis muaj zog ntau yam ntawm cov khoom zoo li no

Huab cua ua kom muaj kev sib xyaw uas tsis khov nyob hauv qhov sib xws. Cov khoom siv no feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Nws yog feem ntau siv los ua plaster, ntau yam xim sib xyaw thiab daws teeb meem rau masonry. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam no yog txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tawv ntawm ntau yam kev daws teeb meem hauv cov xwm txheej nrog cov av qis. Ua ke nrog calcium carbonate, cov kua qaub no tau siv los ua qee qhov sib xyaw hauv tsev (Portland MAAs thiab lwm yam)

Freshly slaked lime occupies ib qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv limestone hydrates . Nws yog tib yam calcium hydroxide. Qhov sib txawv yog tias tsis pub ntau tshaj 6 teev yuav tsum dhau los ntawm lub sijhawm nws tua. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg no feem ntau haum rau ua mis nyuj ntawm txiv qaub.

Txiv qaub, ua cov tshuaj tsis haum hauv lub cev, ua ke nrog cov asbestos fibers kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab tsim cov txiaj ntsig. Cov khoom no suav nrog asbestos board thiab ntawv asbestos

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Hydrated lime, zoo li txhua yam khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm cov tshuaj keeb kwm, muaj tus lej ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis raug lees paub hauv GOST 9179-77.

Muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no

• Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov tsev sib xyaw no tuaj yeem suav nrog cov hauv qab no: ntxhia ntxiv xws li electrothermophosphoric, granular lossis blast-furnace slags, quartz sands, cov ntxhia ua kom ntxiv dag zog, pob zeb carbonate. Txhua yam tshuaj yuav tsum ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm.
• Hom hydraulic txiv qaub yog tus yam ntxwv zoo xws li lub zog khov.

• Ob qho kev tsim huab cua thiab hydraulic tau suav tias yog siv tau yog tias lawv tseem zoo ib yam thaum lub ntim hloov.
• Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam sib xyaw ntawm cov txiv qaub yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib piv ntawm calcium thiab magnesium oxides rau dej. Cov khoom hwm muaj 90% ntawm cov tshuaj no cuam tshuam nrog feem pua dej. Qhov txo qis hauv qhov zoo yog ncaj qha rau tus nqi ntawm magnesium thiab calcium.
• Cov fluff yuav tsum muaj qhov nqus tshwj xeeb hauv thaj tsam ntawm 450 txog 550 m3.
• Calcium hydroxide yuav tsum ua tau raws li lub cev tshwj xeeb xws li lub zog. Nws tau tshuaj xyuas 28 hnub tom qab npaj cov tshuaj thaum nws khoov thiab nthuav tawm.
• Cov acidity ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum yog 12.4 pKa.
• Qhov ntom ntawm cov tshuaj yog 2, 211 g / cm3.

Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov

Slaked txiv qaub yog siv hauv ntau ceg ntawm tib neeg kev ua.

Cov khoom no tau dhau los ua qhov tsis tseem ceeb hauv ntau hom haujlwm, nrog rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub

Hauv lub vaj lossis vaj zaub, xav tau cov kua qaub los txhawm rau txhawm rau ua cov av. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov av. Ua tsaug rau liming, qib acidity ntawm lub ntiaj teb raug txo, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tau tsim rau kev cog qoob loo ntawm ntau yam qoob loo. Tsis tas li, cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke txuag ntau cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kab tsuag thiab kab mob cab

• Txij li cov khoom muaj peev xwm muab lub zog rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv, nws feem ntau tau npog nrog cov qauv ntoo (rooj zaum, laj kab, gazebos, thiab txawm tias pegs hauv txaj). Tsis tas li, xws li txheej txheej tiv thaiv ntau yam txheej txheem los ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws.
• Hauv qee lub caij, kev ntxuav dawb ntawm cov ntoo hauv vaj yog ua los ntawm kev pab ntawm slaked txiv qaub. Lawv tau npog nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb raws li slaked txiv qaub, uas txuag cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub heev.
• Txhawm rau tiv thaiv pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov cuab yeej hauv vaj lossis hauv chav xws li lub cellar, calcium hydroxide kuj tseem siv.

Ntxiv rau kev ua teb, fluff tau nquag siv hauv ntau txoj haujlwm tsim kho thiab qee qhov chaw

• Calcium hydroxide yog siv hauv kev ua masonry. Nws tsim cov nplaum siab rau ob sab saum npoo av thiab cinder thaiv cov khoom.
• Txhawm rau kom txuag tau nyiaj thaum ua haujlwm tsim, cov kua qaub uas paub los ntawm cov khoom qub yog qee zaum ua los ntawm kev sib tov slaked txiv qaub nrog cov xuab zeb.
• Raws li calcium hydroxide, muaj pes tsawg leeg xws li tshuaj dawb tau tsim. Nws yog tshuaj tua kab mob zoo heev.

• Cov tshuaj yog siv rau kev tsim khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb tshwj xeeb - silicate. Nws tawv dua sai dua.
• Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom no, tsis yog tsuas yog cov kev hauv tsev thiab cov ntoo raug pleev xim dawb, tab sis kuj yog cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab hauv chav.
• Slaked txiv qaub yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw calcium, ua tsaug rau kev ua kom dej huv.

• Fluff yog siv hauv tawv tanning.
• Calcium hydroxide yog siv hauv cov txheej txheem kho hniav xws li kev tu hauv paus hniav.
• Slaked txiv qaub txawm yog ntxiv rau zaub mov. Cov tshuaj tau siv ua ib feem ntawm E526 ntxiv.

Fluff nquag siv hauv ntau yam lag luam:

• metallurgical;
• tshuaj;
• qab zib;
• kev tsim kho;
• pulp thiab ntawv.

Ntau lawm

Feem ntau fluff yog ua hauv lub hoobkas. Xws li cov khoom hloov mus ua qhov zoo dua. Kev tshem tawm yog siv lub tshuab nqus dej hauv lub thawv tshwj xeeb. Qhov thib ob thib ob ntawm lub khob ntim nrog dej, thiab qhov tsis ua tiav zaum kawg yog tshuav rau cov txiv qaub, vim tias qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj nce thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Koj tuaj yeem tua cov txiv qaub ncaj qha ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho . Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom lag luam ua los ntawm tsob ntoo muaj lub neej txee ntev dua li cov khoom lag luam ua nyob ruaj khov. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw no kuj txhim kho.

Yuav ua li cas yug?

Muaj 3 txoj hauv kev los tsim cov kua qaub

• Hauv thawj qhov xwm txheej, siv cov kua txiv qaub. Lawv tau muab tso rau hauv txheej 0.25 m tuab. Cov txheej no tau nchuav nrog dej. Cov av ntub kuj tau ntxiv. Tom qab ob peb hnub, cov txheej txheem quenching yuav ua tiav, thiab qhov sib xyaw yuav npaj rau siv.
• Hauv qhov kev xaiv thib ob, koj yuav tsum khawb lub qhov thiab teeb tsa lub thawv ntoo hauv nws, hauv qab uas yuav tsum muaj lub damper ua los ntawm cov ntxaij zoo. Cov khoom ntim tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau ntim nrog dej. Cov kua tau ntxiv raws li cov pob tawg mus rau hauv cov feem me me. Sai li cov txheej txheem tua tau tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau tso cov dej ntau dhau los ntawm lub damper, thaum qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau npog nrog txheej 10-centimeter ntawm cov xuab zeb. Cov txheej txheem no tiv thaiv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg kom qhuav.

Qhov kev xaiv thib peb cuam tshuam nrog txiv qaub los ntawm kev sib tov nws nrog dej. Koj tuaj yeem npaj cov tshuaj calcium hydroxide siv txoj hauv kev thib peb rau koj tus kheej, los ntawm kev sib piv nrog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws qee qib ntawm kev nqis tes ua

• Saib xyuas kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nco ntsoov hnav khaub ncaws nruj, hnab looj tes thiab tiv thaiv koj lub qhov muag. Nco ntsoov tias yog tias muaj pes tsawg leeg tau ntsib nrog cov mucous membrane ntawm lub qhov muag, kev pom kev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam loj heev.
• Siv lub ntim yas los ua kom cov tshuaj sib tov sib xyaw. Yog tias koj xaiv lub thawv uas ua los ntawm cov hlau, tom qab ntawd xyuas nws kom xeb. Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov ntawv zoo li no.

• Ib qho ntoo zoo li qub lossis txawm tias yog ib tus kav los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv vaj yog tsim raws li cov cuab yeej rau kev sib xyaw ua ke.
• Ua ntej npaj qhov sib xyaw, ntsuas tawm qhov xav tau ntawm cov txiv qaub qhuav thiab suav nws qhov feem nrog dej. Nco ntsoov tias kev siv cov khoom ib 1 sq. m. yuav nyob ntawm nws qhov sib xws thiab ntawm cov txheej txheej uas koj npaj yuav thov rau saum npoo av.
• Ncuav cov txiv qaub rau hauv lub khob ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv dej hauv ib feem. Hauv qhov no, nco ntsoov ua kom muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm. Cov dej yuav tsum txias. Yog tias koj ntxiv dej ntawm qhov kub lossis txias hauv chav, tom qab ntawd qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke zaum kawg yuav poob qis.

• Kev npaj txhij ntawm kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kab hauv kab. Yog tias nws tau hais tawm cov xim dawb, tom qab ntawv muaj pes tsawg leeg tau npaj tiav.
• Txhawm rau kom daws tau infuse, tom qab nplawm nws yuav tsum sab laug ib pliag. Yog ua tau, tos ob peb hnub, tab sis yog tias qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, hais kom cov txiv qaub slaked rau ob peb teev.

Ib qho txheej txheem cais yog qhov dilution ntawm fluff rau qhov sib xws ntawm mis nyuj ntawm txiv qaub. Tom qab tau txais calcium hydroxide los ntawm kev sib tov sib npaug ntawm cov txiv qaub thiab dej, cov khoom tau tso tseg rau qee lub sijhawm kom qhuav. Tom qab ntawd qhov sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum tau diluted nrog 9 liv dej. Cov mis nyuj ua tiav ntawm txiv qaub yog 10% sib tov ntawm txiv qaub.

Yuav ua li cas dawb?

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ntxuav cov phab ntsa nrog cov kua qaub nyob hauv tsev, txiav txim siab txoj hauv kev kom tau txais kev sib xyaw. Yog tias koj ua qhov sib xyaw tsis siv lub tshuab nqus dej tshwj xeeb-sib cais, tab sis siv tus kheej, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo sib tov daws tam sim ua ntej ntxuav dawb. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog siv rau lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa nrog txhuam loj. Cov txheej txheem pib los ntawm kaum sab laug ntawm lub qhov rais. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom sim siv qhov kev daws teeb meem yam tsis muaj qhov khoob, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub nws yog qhov kev pom zoo kom siv ntau txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom.

Yog tias siv cov kua txiv qaub los ntxuav cov ntoo, yuav tsum ua raws qee qhov kev ua

• Sau lub thoob nrog lub peev xwm li ntawm 10 liv dej.
• Ob peb kilograms ntawm fluff yuav tsum tau diluted nrog 1.5 kg ntawm av nplaum thiab 300 grams tooj liab sulfate ntxiv rau hauv kev daws.
• Tom qab ntawd txhua qhov khoom siv yuav tsum tau sib xyaw kom huv hauv dej kom txog thaum ua tiav nrog cov sib xws ntawm qaub cream tau txais.
• Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog siv rau tsob ntoo ntoo. Thaum ua qhov no, tsis txhob siv ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom kom tsis txhob muaj cov quav. Cov txheej txheem tiav yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 hli tuab.

Cov Tswv Yim

Cov neeg tsim kev tsis muaj peev xwm tsis tas li siv cov kua qaub ua kom raug. Txhawm rau kawm paub siv calcium hydroxide, los tiv thaiv koj kev noj qab haus huv thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los mloog qee cov lus pom zoo.

• Yog tias koj txiav txim siab kho lub tsev cog khoom rau lub caij ntuj sov nrog txiv qaub slaked, siv cov khoom siv sab hauv thiab sab nraum lub tsev kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv kab tsuag.
• Tsis txhob ntxiv cov tshuaj uas tau npaj ua, xws li cov pob zeb ua ke, rau qhov sib xyaw ua kom tshiab. Lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb yuav tsum dhau rau txhua qhov hmoov kom tau txais qhov sib xws sib xws. Yog tias koj ntxiv cov tshuaj ua ntej ua ntej, tom qab ntawd qhov ua tau zoo thiab sib xws ntawm qhov sib xyaw zaum kawg yuav ua rau tsis zoo.

• Thaum siv cov txiv qaub slaked kom tshem cov av los ntawm acidity, koj yuav tsum tau suav kom raug suav qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qib acidity. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev ntsuas qib no nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb pH, koj tuaj yeem nkag siab ntau npaum li cas calcium hydroxide koj xav tau.
• Tsuas yog cov limestone tshiab tau tsim los kho cov cuab yeej vaj.
• Yog tias cov kua dej tau txais ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog cov paj rwb ncoo ntim rau hauv cov roj zaub. Tom qab ntawd, ua daim ntaub qhwv ntaub, uas yuav tsum tau ntub nrog 5% vinegar essence.

• Yog tias koj tab tom yuav ua kua raws cov kua qaub, tom qab ntawd cov xuab zeb ua ntej sifted tuaj yeem maj mam ntxiv rau cov khoom qab zib. Tom qab sib tov, lim cov tshuaj ua tiav los ntawm cov kua tshwj xeeb, yog li txhim kho nws cov kev tsis sib xws.
• Txhawm rau ua kom lub sijhawm teeb tsa muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntxiv gypsum rau nws. Ua tsaug rau cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kua qaub qaub yuav teeb tsa hauv tsawg dua 5 feeb.

• Koj tuaj yeem khaws cov txiv qaub slaked rau ntau lub sijhawm. Lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb txiav txim siab qhov kev daws teeb meem uas nws suav nrog. Kev khaws cov plaster sib xyaw nrog ntxiv ntawm sodium hydroxide yog li ntawm ib hlis, thaum cov tshuaj khib rau masonry tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis pub ntev tshaj ob lub lis piam. Yog tias cov txiv qaub tau npaj tseg rau lub caij ntuj no, nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm khov. Koj tuaj yeem txawm faus cov ntim nrog cov sib xyaw hauv av, tab sis qhov tob ntawm lub qhov yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 70 cm. Yog tias koj muaj cov ntaub ntawv muaj rau rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, tom qab ntawd lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua ke rau khaws cov txiv qaub slaked.
• Yog tias koj lim cov txiv qaub koj tus kheej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov txheej txheem tshwm sim sab nraum zoov. Nco ntsoov tias cov pa luam yeeb ua rau lom heev thiab tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij rau koj kev noj qab haus huv.

• Thaum koj thawj zaug siv cov kua qaub ua kua uas koj tau ua rau koj tus kheej, muaj feem yuav yog, koj yuav xaus nrog cov pob zeb me me. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tshem lawv tam sim ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pom lawv rov siv los ntawm kev so lawv nrog dej.
• Them sai sai rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj khib tam sim ua ntej thov. Qee lub sij hawm xws li kev sib xyaw yuav tsum tau muab diluted.

Txiv qaub Hydrated yog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Yog tias koj kawm paub yuav ua haujlwm kom raug nrog cov khoom zoo li cas, koj tuaj yeem pab txhawb ntau yam kev kho vaj tsev thiab ua haujlwm, txuas lub neej ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab lub neej ntawm ntau yam qauv.