Khoom Cib: Qhov Loj Ntawm Ib Leeg Thiab Ib Thiab Ib Nrab Ntsib Cov Cib M200 Thiab M100, Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ua Ntej

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Cib raug cai lees paub tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau thiab tsis tsim nyog. Nws muaj ntau yam zoo uas nws tau xaiv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Khoom cib yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg cov khoom siv hauv tsev ua los ntawm av nplaum (av nplaum). Yog tsis muaj voids hauv nws cov qauv . Heev feem ntau, cov cib tau siv rau kev tsim kho sab hauv thiab sab nrauv. Cov khoom siv no suav tias yog ntau yam. Nws tsis ntshai qhov tsis zoo sab nraud, piv txwv li, hluav taws, dej thiab qhov kub tsawg.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb

Ua ntej koj mus yuav khoom rau cov khoom muaj lub cev tag nrho, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb.

• Xws li cov khoom siv tau pom los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws muaj lub cev ruaj khov (yog li, lub zog zoo).
• Feem ntau, qhov hnyav ntawm cov cib tau nce txog 3-4 kg.
• Raws li qhov ntim qhov hnyav, nws tuaj yeem yog 1500-1900 kg / m3.
• Tus naj npawb ntawm cov voids hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tsis tshaj 13%, uas ua kom ntseeg tau nws cov thermal conductivity siab.
• Hauv cov av nplaum muaj cov khoom siv xws li hlau, uas yog lub luag haujlwm muab cov xim liab rau cov cib.
• Cib yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws tsis hlawv thiab tsis txhawb nqa nplaim taws.
• Theem ntawm te tiv taus cov khoom cib sib txawv. Qee hom khoom siv hauv tsev tsim nyog tsuas yog siv sab hauv tsev (F25), thaum lwm tus feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua masonry sab nraum zoov (F50). Qhov siab tshaj plaws cib cim F150 yog ua kom khov-tiv taus.
• Cov qib dej nqus dej ntawm cov cib khoom tau nce txog li 13-15%. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, vim nws muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov khov ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom. Cov theem ntawm kev nqus dej nyob ntawm qhov ntom ntawm cov cib.
• Cov cib ua tau zoo ua haujlwm tau ntev thiab tsis plam nws qhov kev nthuav qhia ntau xyoo.
• Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov khoom siv cib yog lawv lub peev xwm ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
• Qhov ntau dua qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov khoom cib, lub suab ntau dua thiab cov cua sov yam ntxwv nws muaj. Piv txwv li, hollow -core cov khoom lag luam tsis tuaj yeem khav ntawm qhov zoo li no - lawv tso tawm suab nrov hauv txoj kev thiab ua rau lub tsev txias dua.

Ntau yam ntxwv ntawm cov cib ua tau zoo nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw uas tau siv hauv lawv cov khoom. Muaj ntau yam khoom zoo sib xws tuaj yeem nrhiav pom hauv khw hnub no. Txhua ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum yuav.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Khoom cib yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas nrov heev uas yog siv rau ntau yam haujlwm. Nws qhov chaw yog vim nws muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig.

• Hnub no ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom lag luam tag nrho ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Ua tsaug rau qhov tseeb no, cov neeg siv khoom muaj lub sijhawm los tsim cov qauv ntawm ntau yam duab.
• Cov khoom xaiv tau zoo muaj qhov ntxim nyiam. Lawv yuav txawv xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos. Piv txwv li, textured cladding nrog kev ua raws ntawm cov nplais marble zoo li nthuav heev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tsev sib txawv. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav muaj peev xwm muab kev tsim kho tshwj xeeb thiab tus nqi siab.
• Cov ntaub ntawv no khav theeb lub zog: lawv tsis yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj lossis tawg. Ib qho ntxiv, nws raug tso cai los tsim cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nrauv los ntawm cov khoom siv cib - ob qho ntawm cov qauv no ntseeg tau thiab muaj zog.
• Cov cib ua tau muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb cua sov. Cov tsev, uas cov phab ntsa tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no, tseem sov thiab xis nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, thaum lub caij ntuj sov lawv muaj qhov txias me ntsis.
• Cov khoom lag luam puv lub cev tau yooj yim dua. Txhawm rau ua txoj haujlwm no, tsis tas yuav xav tau kev paub tshwj xeeb, kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub ntau yam. Txawm tias tus pib tshiab tuaj yeem tiv nrog kev tso lub cev tag nrho yog tias nws ua raws cov lus qhia.
• Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom cib yog nws cov phooj ywg ib puag ncig: cov khoom siv no muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Nws tsis muaj cov khoom phom sij thiab phom sij uas tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau kev noj qab haus huv.
• Lub suab nrov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom cib yuav tsum tau sau tseg. Cov tsev tsim nrog cov khoom siv no nyob ntsiag to - lub suab nrov dhau los ntawm txoj kev yuav luag tsis pom hauv lawv.
• Cov khoom zoo li no tau nthuav tawm hauv qhov dav tshaj plaws. Cov neeg yuav khoom muaj lub sijhawm los yuav ntau yam ntawm cov cib rau txhua txoj haujlwm tsim kho, los ntawm qhov yooj yim mus rau qhov nyuaj.
• Cov khoom no tseem khav theeb - lawv siv sijhawm ntev heev yam tsis poob lawv qhov ntxim nyiam. Cov tsev cib nyob zoo nkauj tau ntau xyoo yog tias lawv tau ua kom raug thiab los ntawm cov khoom siv raw zoo.
• Vim nws cov qauv, cov cib ua tau zoo heev hauv kev sib zog thiab khoov.
• Txij li thaum tsis muaj qhov hws nyob hauv cov cib, lawv nqus cov dej noo ua puas rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.
• Cov khoom ruaj khov tiv taus kub tsawg. Qhov kev ua tau zoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv Russia.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam yog rosy. Cov cib ua tau zoo kuj muaj tus lej tsis zoo uas koj yuav tsum paub txog ua ntej yuav khoom siv.

• Cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov khoom cib yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov rwb thaiv tsev. Rau qhov no, siv cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv. Cov theem ntawm kev tsim kho cov haujlwm no tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.
• Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no hnyav, yog li nws tsis yooj yim los ua haujlwm nrog lawv, thiab kev thauj cov khoom lag luam zoo li no tuaj yeem raug nqi ntau.
• Cov cib ua tau ntau kim dua li cov cib hollow vim tias lawv xav tau ntau ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, av nplaum, ua.
• Yog tias koj xaiv cov khoom cib ntawm cov khoom tsis raug, ces nws tuaj yeem pib tawg.
• Cov khoom zoo li no puas yooj yim heev thaum thauj mus los.
• Qhov tsis xws luag xws li cov dej ntws tawm feem ntau tshwm rau ntawm cov khoom siv pob zeb ci. Sab nraud, lawv yog cov xim dawb uas ua rau pom qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab cov qauv ua ib qho.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov khoom siv hauv tsev no muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li qhov tsis zoo. Ntau ntau nyob ntawm qhov taw tes ntawm kev muag khoom los ntawm cov cib tau yuav. Hauv khw muag khoom nrog lub koob npe tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem ntog thaum cov khoom lag luam tsis zoo dhau los ua thawj chav kawm. Ntau yam teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov ntaub ntawv no yav tom ntej.

Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb los ua haujlwm kom raug nrog cov cib - tom qab ntawd kev tsim kho yuav dhau los ua kom ntseeg tau thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Saib

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom cib. Txhua ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm.

Yog tias koj pib los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw uas cov cib tau ua, qee hom tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv.

Tej hub

Cov cib cib no yog cov feem ntau siv. Lawv tau ua los ntawm av nplaum, thiab qee zaum los ntawm lwm hom khoom siv raw. Cov khoom siv ceramic yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb thiab cua zoo. Lawv yuav tsum tsis muaj kev tawg sab nraud lossis lwm yam tsis xws luag.

Silicate

Qhov nrov tshaj plaws thib ob yog silicate khoom cib. Cov kev xaiv no yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb nrog txiv qaub thiab xuab zeb. Cov khoom tiav yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab cov thermal conductivity tsawg. Cov kev xaiv silicate yog thinner thiab sib zog dua cov khoom siv ceramic. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom lag luam no tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo - tsis muaj zog tiv taus ya raws.

Hyper-pressed version yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cement, limestone thiab cov xim tshwj xeeb. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau nyem rau hauv cov pwm tshwj xeeb. Vim li ntawd, qhov khoob tau txais hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim zoo nkauj thiab cov duab. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv no yog siv los ntsib txoj haujlwm.

Raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv txuas ntxiv, ob peb ntau yam ntau yam ntawm cov cib ua tau zoo.

Txuj (ntiag tug)

Cov subspecies ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau siv hauv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog kev tsim khoom ntawm lub hauv paus lossis kev tsim cov phab ntsa ntawm tus qauv. Nws raug tso cai ua kom tiav cov hauv paus cib nrog xim lossis plaster sib xyaw. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsim muaj cov qauv sib txawv thiab xim. Cov chaw tsis zoo feem ntau tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo li no, tab sis lawv tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov cib - lawv tseem nyob ruaj khov thiab ntseeg tau.

Ntsib

Feem ntau, cov khoom siv no yog siv rau ntau yam kev ua tiav. Tsis muaj qhov chaw puas nyob hauv lawv, thiab xim ib txwm zoo ib yam thiab raug.

Chamotny

Feem ntau hom fireclay ntawm cov khoom siv cib tau siv los ua kom tiav ob sab hauv thiab sab nrauv. Feem ntau cov cib fireclay tau ntsib lub qhov cub lossis qhov cub. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, hnyav hnyav thiab tiv taus qhov kub hnyiab. Cov cib Fireclay tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub siab (txog 1,000 degrees).

Clinker

Lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim khoom siv tshuab, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum ntau txheej ntawm cov av nplaum txhawm rau tsim cov homogeneous. Ua tsaug rau tus txheej txheem no tsis muaj qhov tsis xws tshwm sim ntawm lub cib - Nov yog qhov khoom ntawm cov xim sib txawv thiab textures tau ua. Txwv tsis pub, clinker cib hu ua paving cib.

Textured

Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj ntxim nyiam, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov ntawv zoo nkauj xaiv. Cov khoom lag luam zoo li qhov txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv muaj cov qauv zoo nkauj nyob rau ntawm xub ntiag. Qhov sib piv ntawm cov qauv ntawv yog cov qauv zoo ib yam (txwv tsis pub nws raug hu ua curly lossis profile).

Qhov kev xaiv no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov khoom siv nrog cov qauv nyuaj. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nkauj arches.

Glazed, engobed

Xws li cov cib yog ib hom khoom siv ntsej muag. Piv txwv li, hauv cov khoom lag luam glazed, cov nplais ceramic tau ntxiv nrog cov glaze tshwj xeeb raws li cov iav tshwj xeeb hmoov. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov ua tiav zoo nkauj heev thiab ntxim nyiam. Thiab engobe yog kev sib xyaw raws cov av nplaum dawb. Tom qab dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tua, cov khoom zoo li no tau ua tiav los ntawm txheej txheej zoo nkauj.

Ntsej muag

Hom cib no txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias txhua sab nws muaj cov tiaj tiaj thiab zoo nkauj. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom lag luam no yog tus yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws. Hom cib no feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua tiav lub hauv paus facade, npaj cov laj kab thiab cov qauv zoo nkauj yooj yim.

Façade

Hauv cov cib zoo li no, ib nrab pem hauv ntej tau npog nrog cov khoom ua kom zoo nkauj uas ua raws cov khoom sib txawv. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog ntoo, marble lossis lwm yam pob zeb nto.

Los ntawm txoj hauv kev tsim khoom, cov cib khoom kuj tseem raug faib ua pawg me.

Yas yas

Cov khoom no tau raug lees paub tias yog ib qho ntawm qhov xav tau tshaj plaws. Lawv txawv qhov uas lawv tsis muaj kev txwv hauv lawv daim ntawv thov. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm nias cov khoom nyoos hauv siab. Tom qab ntawd, cov workpieces tau qhuav thiab raug rho tawm haujlwm.

Semi-qhuav molding

Xws li ntau yam ntawm cov cib ua tau zoo yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem raw - av nplaum nias hauv qhov tshwj xeeb. Tom qab ntawd, cov workpieces raug rho tawm, tab sis tsis qhuav. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog tus yam ntxwv ntxeem tau, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj tsis haum rau txhua txoj haujlwm. Feem ntau, cov cib zoo li no tau siv rau ua haujlwm sab hauv cov tsev, vim tias cov av noo siab tuaj yeem ua rau lawv puas tsuaj.

Cov khoom siv ceramic yog:

hlawv - xws li ntau yam tau txais kev kho cua sov hauv qhov cub tshwj xeeb, tom qab uas lawv dhau los ua lub zog thiab muaj zog;

tsis ci - cov cib no ua rau ntuj qhuav, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv tsis muaj lub zog zoo tshaj plaws, yog li ntawd, lawv tau siv tsawg zaus.

Tsis tas li, hauv cov khw muag khoom sib txawv, koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom cib nrog cov cim sib txawv

• M50 - Cov cim no tau sau rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas xav tau rau kev tsim cov laj kab, kev faib khoom thiab lwm yam txheej txheem uas tsis tsim los rau qhov hnyav dhau.
• M75 thiab M100 Puas yog cov cib npaj rau kev tsim cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob.
• M125 - Cov npav zoo li no tau txuas rau cov cib ua tau yooj yim, uas tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob thiab cov txheej txheem.
• M150, M175 ib - cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho cov hauv paus thiab cov plinths.
• M200 - cov khoom siv nrog qib zog ntxiv, tuaj yeem siv yuav luag txhua qhov txhia chaw.
• M250 - cov ntaub ntawv raw nrog cov cim no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom nqa. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv hauv kev tsim cov phab ntsa sab nrauv lossis sab hauv, hauv qab daus, lub hauv paus, lub qhov cub thiab lub qhov cub tsim.
• M300 - cib ntawm cov khoom lag luam no tau siv hauv kev tsim cov hauv paus ntawm cov tsev qis. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau tsim los rau kev thauj khoom zoo thiab muaj lub zog zoo.

Qhov siab dua lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ua rau lawv muaj kev txaus siab ntau dua.

Qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav

Cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub muaj qhov sib txawv thiab qhov hnyav. Ntawm kev muag khoom muaj:

• ib cib - ntau yam no muaj qhov ntev ntawm 250x120x65 mm;
• ib thiab ib nrab khoom - qhov ntsuas qhov dav ntawm cov cib no yog 250x120x88 mm.;
• ob npaug - qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom no mus txog 250x120x130 hli;
• Euro - qhov siab ntawm cov cib nce mus txog 6.5 cm, thiab dav yog 8.5 cm;
• modular ib leeg - Cov khoom siv hauv tsev sib txawv hauv qhov ntev ntawm 28.8 cm thiab dav ntawm 13.8 cm.

Cov qauv nrog qhov ntev ntawm 250x120x65 mm yog tus qauv. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom lag luam nce mus txog 4,3 kg. Raws li rau cov khoom siv phab ntsa loj loj, lawv qhov hnyav tuaj yeem txog li 24 kg. Hauv qhov no, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov ncaj ncaj ntawm cov khoom cib - nws qhov dav, ntev thiab qhov siab.

Cov kws tshaj lij txiav txim siab muab ob npaug rau daim ntawv xaum ua qhov kev lag luam tshaj plaws. Kev xaiv Euro thiab kev hloov pauv tau siv tsawg dua hauv kev tsim kho. Nws tseem yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ib-thiab-ib nrab thiab ob chav qauv feem ntau ua hollow. Raws li rau ib lub cib, lawv qhov ntev tau tsim los kom nws yooj yim los nqa lawv nrog ib txhais tes, thiab lub sijhawm no, nteg cov pob zeb ua vaj tsev npaj ua ntej nrog lwm tus.

Ib-thiab-ib-ib nrab thiab ob lub cib tsis xav tau cov ntim loj loj, ua cov pob zeb ua kom pheej yig dua, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg dua qhov ua tau zoo.

Nws ua li cas?

Niaj hnub no, cov cib ua tau tsim los siv thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb hauv ntau theem.

Ua ntej pib ua cib ua tam sim, xaiv cov khoom raw uas tsim nyog. Cov pawg xaiv tau raug npaj kom raug rau kev siv ntxiv.

Yav dhau los, cov ntaub ntawv raw xws li av nplaum yuav tsum tau ua kom me ntsis moistened siv cov pa. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom ua tiav cov yas zoo sib xws kom nws tuaj yeem tsim tau. Tsis tas li, txhua qhov nyuaj thiab pob zeb suav nrog raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Tom qab ntawd cib nyoos yog tsim. Cov txheej txheem no tsis siv neeg nyob rau ntau qhov xwm txheej. Cov hlua nrog cov khoom siv raw raug txiav siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau hauv ntau qhov khoob. Lawv qhov ntev, raws li txoj cai, loj dua me ntsis ntawm cov khoom lag luam tiav, txij li tom qab dhau los ntawm txhua qib kev tsim khoom, av nplaum nqaim pom.

Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog kom qhuav cov khoom tiav ua tiav ib nrab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev ntawm no kom ua raws cov thev naus laus zis tsim nyog rau txheej txheem kom qhuav. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom maj mam thiab maj mam daws qhov teeb meem no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias kev nrawm nrawm ntau dhau ntawm cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua rau tawg ntawm cov cib, thiab nws zoo dua tsis txhob siv cov khoom zoo li no hauv kev tsim kho ua haujlwm - nws yuav tsis ntseeg tau.

Qhov no yog ua raws los ntawm kev tua lub workpiece. Nws tau nqa tawm hauv qhov cub tshwj xeeb. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cua sov hauv cov xwm txheej no feem ntau nce mus txog 950-1000 degrees. Nyob rau theem no ntawm kev tsim khoom, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws txhua qhov kev xav tau uas tau teeb tsa hauv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis.

Txoj kev nias ib nrab qhuav cuam tshuam nrog cov hauv qab no:

• ua ntej, av nplaum, zoo li hauv cov ntawv dhau los, tau ua kom ntub rau qib uas xav tau, tom qab uas cov khoom siv raw tau ua tiav ua hmoov;
• qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau nchuav rau hauv cov pwm tshwj xeeb txhawm rau tom qab tau txais cov cib nyoos;
• Xws li cov khoom ua tiav ib nrab yog xa ncaj qha mus rau lub qhov cub kom tua yuav luag tam sim tom qab tsim theem.

Cov khoom siv silicate cib ua tau raws li cov thev naus laus zis tau piav qhia hauv qab no

• Cov ntaub ntawv raw tau npaj los ntawm cov xuab zeb, hauv av txiv qaub thiab dej tau muab sib xyaw kom sib xyaw ua homogeneous.
• Qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau khaws cia kom txog thaum cov kua qaub hauv nws raug tua tag.
• Hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg raug nias rau hauv cov cib nyob hauv siab. Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom ua tiav ib nrab khoom xa mus rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Txoj kev no feem ntau yuav siv sijhawm li 8-14 teev.
• Hauv 10-15 hnub tom ntej no, cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev tau khaws cia kom zoo rau cov pa roj carbonation.

Raws li rau cov cib nplaim hluav taws uas nrov, nws yog tsim los ntawm kev tua hluav taws tawg tawg tawg uas tau dhau los ua ntej kev tua. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom lag luam uas tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua cov khoom raw.

Xim spectrum

Tsis txhob xav tias cov xim ntawm cov khoom cib tau txwv rau xim liab. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias xim ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb - av nplaum. Feem ntau, tom qab tua, cov khoom no tau txais tus qauv xim cib (yam ntxwv ntxoov ntxoo). Cov ntaub ntawv raw li hu ua liab -hlawv - liab cib tau txais los ntawm nws.

Ntau tsawg zaus koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom siv hauv tsev ua los ntawm cov av nplaum dawb. Cov khoom siv raw tsim cov xim daj, apricot thiab cov cib dawb dawb zoo nkauj.

Heev feem ntau, hauv kev tsim cov khoom cib, cov khoom siv raw yog diluted nrog ntau yam xim ntxiv. Piv txwv li, cov khoom xim av tsuas tuaj yeem tau txais yog tias peb tig mus rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov xim xim.

Raws li GOST, lub cib yuav tsum tau ua kom haum cov qauv tseem ceeb, uas tau pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no. Heev feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj ob peb siv cib ib zaug. Vim li no, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev yuav khoom ntau yam khoom sib txawv.

Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov

Khoom cib tau siv dav hauv ntau yam kev thov. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tau nrov heev rau qee lub sijhawm. Tam sim no, nws cov khoom tsim tawm yog qib siab tshaj plaws.

Cov khoom siv cib yog qhov xav tau tsis yog tsuas yog vim muaj coob tus yam ntxwv zoo, tab sis kuj vim tias muaj kev siv dav. Koj tuaj yeem tig mus rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev no thaum txhim kho yuav luag txhua cov qauv uas xav tau lub hauv paus ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov tshaj plaws uas tsis ua teeb meem. Cov txheej txheem xws li:

• ntau lub hauv paus txheej txheem;
• hauv qab daus ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv;
• puag;
• kab ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv;
• ntsib thiab txhawb nqa cov phab ntsa;
• cov tsev siab siab ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho;
• cov kauj ruam;
• chim chim;
• cov cua sov tsim;
• qhov cub;
• of Elevator ncej.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov khoom siv cib tuaj yeem siv tau ntau yam ntawm cov haujlwm ua haujlwm. Txhua yam khoom no yuav tsum ruaj khov thiab muaj zog, yog li ntawd, rau lawv kev npaj, nws yuav tsum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog uas tsim los rau cov khoom zoo. Cov cib ua masonry zoo ua tau zoo raws li qhov xav tau no.

Yuav xaiv li cas?

Thaum xaiv cov cib ua tau zoo, koj yuav tsum tsom mus rau qee qhov tsis tseem ceeb.

Lub npe ntawm cov khoom xaiv yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Nws yuav tsum raug xaiv nyob rau theem ntawm kev kos cov phiaj xwm rau kev tsim kho yav tom ntej. Yuav cov khoom lag luam nrog ib lossis lwm qhov cim yuav tsum yog raws cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem. Yog tias koj yuav lub cib ntawm hom tsis raug, ces nws tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav sai.

Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau thov daim ntawv pov thawj zoo rau cov khoom xaiv. Cov ntawv no yuav tsum qhia tias cov khoom siv cib ua tau zoo raws li GOST. Lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev kuj tau hais nyob ntawd. Yog tias daim ntawv pov thawj tsis kam lees, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov zoo dua mus rau lwm lub khw rau cov cib, txwv tsis pub koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom lag luam qis.

Cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo yuav cov cib nrog qib qis dua M75

Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov cib koj nqa tuaj. Lawv yuav tsum tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, nti, khawb, khawb (ib qho - ob lub teeb thiab tsaus ntuj), lossis lwm yam tsis xws luag. Nws tsim nyog nco - koj tsis tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas muaj qhov tsis xws, vim tias lawv yuav tsis nyob ntev.

Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo, thaum xaiv lub cib, maj mam khob nws saum npoo nrog rauj los yog ib feem ntawm cov hlau, thiab tom qab ntawd xyuam xim rau lub suab raug tso tawm. Nws yuav tsum tau voiced, tsis lag ntseg.

Koj kuj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov tseeb tias txhua lub cib nyob hauv pawg muaj xim zoo ib yam. Tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum pom sib txawv ntawm qhov seem hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo lossis lub suab nrov. Cov ntsiab lus zoo li no feem ntau sawv tawm tsam tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los, ua rau pom qhov tsim ntawm kev tsim lossis npog.

Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txuag nyiaj ntawm kev yuav khoom ntawm lub tsev no. Cov khoom nrog tus nqi txaus siab txaus ntshai yuav yog qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom zoo li no tsis zoo li yuav ua rau cov qauv zoo.

Koj yuav tsum tau thov rau kev yuav cov khoom cib ntawm cov khw muag khoom pov thawj uas muaj lub koob npe zoo hauv lub nroog uas nyob. Nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob yuav cov khoom zoo li no hauv cov khw muag khoom tsis txaus ntseeg thiab cov khw - hais txog qhov zoo, lawv yuav dhau los ua qhov sib txawv kiag li qhov uas tus muag khoom hais.

Tswv yim & Tricks

Nws yuav tsum tau nyob hauv siab tias cov xuab zeb-cement mortar rau cov khoom cib yuav tsum yog txawb. Txog nws qhov kev tsim khoom, 4 feem ntawm cov xuab zeb raug coj rau 1 feem ntawm cov cement.

Tsis txhob saib xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov tsev los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Nrog rau qhov ntxiv, lub tsev yuav dhau los ua kom sov dua thiab xis nyob dua. Yog tias koj tsis kam txhim kho rwb thaiv tsev, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pom qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb - hauv lub tsev uas tsis tau insulated li no, qhov txias yuav nyob tas li, thiab tus nqi ntawm nws khov tuaj yeem nce ntxiv.

Yog tias koj npaj tsim cov qauv hauv cheeb tsam txias, nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov cib ceramic nrog qib siab ntawm kev tiv taus te. Cov khoom siv silicate tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ua ke nrog cov qauv xim liab.

Cov qhov cub thiab cov qhov cub yuav tsum tau ua kab nrog tsuas yog cov cib uas muaj zog tuaj. Yog tias cov khoom raug xaiv rau qhov ua tiav, nws zoo dua los siv cov cib zoo tib yam. Yog tias kev ua tiav tsis tau npaj tseg, tom ntej lossis cov khoom siv zoo nkauj yog qhov zoo tagnrho.

Koj yuav kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov khoom cib nyob hauv cov vis dis aus hauv qab no.