Cov Xim Tiv Taus Cua Sov Rau Cov Hlau: Nplaim Hluav Taws Tsis Zoo Rau Cov Qauv Hlau, Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Thiab Cov Cua Sov Tiv Taus Kub Kom Txog Li 1000 Degrees, Xaiv Rau

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Hlau yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, txhim khu kev qha thiab tiv taus cov khoom, nws cov khoom tau nquag siv txij li puag thaum ub los. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, txawm tias cov qauv txhim khu kev qha tsis muaj zog txaus. Txhawm rau txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov cua sov muaj zog, thiab hom phiaj thaiv nws kom tiav, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov txheej tiv thaiv rau cov hlau. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov xim tshwj xeeb tiv tshav kub kub yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Peculiarities

Cov xim pleev xim hluav taws muaj qib sib txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv, cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab daim ntawv thov nuances. Muaj ob pawg tseem ceeb: cov xim tsis muaj xim thiab tsis muaj xim daj. Hom thib ob yog kim heev thiab tsis xav tau ntau.

Kev tiv thaiv tsis tau tiav vim yog cov tshuaj reagents uas yog ib ntawm peb pawg:

• muaj nitrogen;
• muaj phosphoric acids thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kua qaub no;
• polyhydric cawv.

Cov xim tiv thaiv hluav taws yog 40-60% ntawm cov khoom siv no. Raws li qhov xwm txheej ib txwm, lawv ua haujlwm raws li tus qauv xim thiab txheej txheej txheej, thiab sai li sai tau thaum qhov kub tau nce, kev tsim cov roj cua pib. Ib txheej ntawm coke cov ntawv, uas txo qhov ua kom sov. Txawm hais tias tus kheej ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, xim tuaj yeem muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv sib txawv los ntawm ib leeg.

Yog li, los ntawm cov nitrogen, cov tshuaj xws li melamine, dicyandiamide thiab urea feem ntau tsim - lawv ua xim tsis hnav tsawg. Cov dej cawv polyhydric tseem ceeb siv los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb yog dextrin, dipentaetrine, pentaerythritol thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab, cawv ua rau txhim kho cov xim pleev xim kub-resistant rau cov hlau.

Phosphorus-muaj cov kua qaub kuj txhim kho cov nplaum rau saum npoo, lav qhov ua tau ntev ntawm cov xim thiab cov xim sib xyaw. Thaum hluav taws pib, qhov o tshwm sim sai heev thiab hnyav heev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev tsim cov pa luam yeeb raug txo qis, ua rau kub hnyiab thiab hlawv tau qeeb qeeb. Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas muaj phosphorus hauv cov xim yog: ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, ntau yam ntsev thiab ethers. Ib qho txheej txheem tshuaj tua hluav taws tsis tso cov pa lom thaum lub tua hluav taws, yog li ntawd lawv suav tias yog kev nyab xeeb li sai tau.

Yam ntxwv

Hauv qhov xwm txheej ib txwm, cov xim pleev xim tsis sib txawv ntau los ntawm tus qauv ib, qhov sib txawv pib tshwm tsuas yog nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thaum txheej txheej saum npoo av tau sov. Qhov xwm txheej no dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntxeem tau oligomers thiab lawv kho. Qhov nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab qib cua sov. Tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej yuav zoo li no:

Cov xim pleev xim refractory muab cov khoom siv roj , uas pib ua cov txheej txheem tom ntej thiab tiv thaiv qhov kub los ntawm kev ua kom puas txheej txheej. Phosphoric acid raug tso tawm, ua coke ua npuas ncauj. Tus neeg ua npuas ncauj tau raug rhuav tshem, uas, nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub nce, tau ntim nrog lub ncoo ntawm cov roj cua, uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov.

Kev decomposition tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj phosphorus: sab saum toj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim thaum kub txog 360 degrees.

Pyrolysis ntawm network qauv. Hauv cov xim tiv taus tshav kub, nws pib ntawm 340 thiab mus ntxiv thaum ua kom sov txog 450 degrees nrog ua kom ntom ntom ntawm txheej txheej tiv thaiv.

Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 200 degrees, cov hlau muaj zog txaus , tab sis sai li sai tau cov hlau kub txog 250 degrees, nws poob nws lub zog sai heev. Thaum rhaub kom kub siab - 400 degrees thiab siab dua, qhov me me tuaj yeem ua rau cov qauv puas. Tab sis yog tias koj siv cov xim zoo, koj tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau txawm tias ntawm 1200 degrees. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog kev khaws cia cov yam ntxwv zoo txog li 800 ° C. Muaj pes tsawg xim tuaj yeem tswj hwm nws qhov zoo yog txiav txim siab los ntawm nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab lub hom phiaj.

Txog tam sim no, cov kws tshaj lij tau tsim 7 pawg kev tiv thaiv hluav taws, qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv tau hais tawm nyob rau lub sijhawm tiv thaiv hluav taws. Qib 7 txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm rau peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib teev, thiab qib siab tshaj plaws - 2, 5 teev. Cov xim pleev xim tiv tshav kub feem ntau tuaj yeem tiv taus cua sov txog li 1000 degrees. Nws yog cov txheej txheej no uas tau siv rau cov khoom siv cua sov thiab lwm cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm lub hom phiaj zoo sib xws.

Cov cim ntawm daim ntawv lo pab nrhiav kom paub qhov tseeb. Txhawm rau muab kev tiv thaiv txaus rau barbecue, ntau yam khoom siv ntxiv tau siv - oxygen, silicon, cov tshuaj organic thiab hmoov txhuas.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib xyaw ua kom sov siab yog pleev xim cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab thauj cov tshuab, cov pob qij txha ntawm cov masonry ntawm cov cib cub. Yog tias cua sov tsis siab dhau - zoo ib yam ntawm cov pa roj cua kub - cov cua sov uas tiv taus cua sov tuaj yeem siv tau, uas tsis poob lawv qhov tsos ntawm qhov kub ntawm 250 thiab txawm tias 300 degrees.

Cov xim pleev xim kub tuaj yeem ua los ntawm alkyd, epoxy, sib xyaw, cov khoom siv silicone . Tsis tas li, cov kws kho mob tau kawm paub siv ethyl silicate, epoxy ester ua ke thiab tus lej ntawm cov xim raws cov iav tiv tshav kub rau lub hom phiaj no.

Thaum xaiv, ib txwm nug seb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws puas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis xws luag. Tom qab tag nrho, vim yog lawv, teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tseem ceeb …

Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Txij li qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom pleev xim yog qhov tseem ceeb, muaj tus lej ntawm cov thawj coj uas tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev teeb tsa. Txheej " Thermobarrier" Cov .lav kev tiv thaiv hlau txog li ob teev, qib qis kawg yog peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib teev.

Tus nqi thiab cov xim ntawm cov xim tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. " Nertex" cov , piv txwv li, nws tau tsim los ntawm cov dej thiab ntseeg tau npog cov qauv los ntawm cov cua sov siab.

" Frizol": xyuas ua tau raws li cov qauv ntawm GOST, tuaj yeem muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm pawg thib ob-thib rau. Lub sijhawm siv txheej txheej yog ib feem peb ntawm ib puas xyoo, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau.

Hom kev tiv thaiv " Joker " ua haujlwm tau zoo, tab sis nws raug nquahu kom siv nws tsuas yog hauv chav uas qib kev nyab xeeb sib npaug rau pawg thib ob, thib peb lossis plaub.

" Avangard" Cov . - cov khoom ntawm tsis ntev los no tau tshwm sim lub tuam txhab ntawm tib lub npe, tab sis nws twb tau tswj hwm kom tau txais txoj cai muaj zog, dhau los ua nto moo rau nws qhov zoo tshaj piv ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab tias xim ntawm ib lub npe twg tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li txheej txheej tshwj xeeb uas tsim los tiv thaiv nplaim taws thiab cua sov.

Teem caij

Cov xim kub-tiv taus tuaj yeem hloov cov khoom lag luam mus rau xim twg. Cov khoom siv npaj rau pleev xim rau lub qhov cub muaj qib zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev xeb, tsis txhob poob qis hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ya raws. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau pawg xim no yog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab muaj peev xwm zam kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj txhoj puab heev.

Txhua yam khoom xav tau ntawm txheej yuav tsum tau tswj ob qho tib si ntawm qhov cua sov tseem ceeb thiab ntawm qhov kub tsawg, txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv tau ntse heev. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb xws li plasticity yuav tsum tau hais - txheej zoo nkauj yuav tsum ncab tom qab lub hauv paus cua sov, thiab tsis faib. Qhov tsis muaj cov khoom tsim nyog tseem tuaj yeem lav qhov pom ntawm qhov tawg tom qab ziab.

Cov xim pleev xim hlau ua kom sov tuaj yeem siv rau txhua hom hlau hlau lossis hlau phom . Kev faib tawm tam sim no faib cov khoom siv xim raws li ntau yam txheej txheem. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, txoj kev ntim khoom. Cov tshuaj tsuag, cov kaus poom, cov thoob thiab cov thoob tau siv ua cov ntim. Lwm qhov gradation yog ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem zas xim, uas txiav txim siab qhov xim npaum li cas siv.

Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, cov xim sib xyaw ua kom sov tau siv rau cov qauv hlau hauv chav da dej, saunas, thiab rau chav rau kom qhuav ntoo. Lawv npog qhov cub thiab ci ci, lub qhov cub, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub qhov cua thiab lub tsheb nres.

Saib

Hauv kev xyaum, cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm cov xim pleev xim tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb me me. Feem ntau, cov neeg siv khoom tau muab cov xim txho thiab xim dub. Lwm cov xim tsis tshua muaj ntau, txawm hais tias koj tuaj yeem siv xim liab, dawb thiab txawm tias ntsuab yog tias tsim nyog. Kev tsim khoom ntawm cov tuam txhab ua lag luam suav nrog matte thiab glossy txheej ntawm txhua qhov ntxoov ntxoo tshwj xeeb.

Cov xim hauv cov kaus poom yog qhov pheej yig piv rau aerosols . Aerosol, zoo li tus nqi qis, tau siv ntau heev.

Yog tias koj xav pleev xim lub nruas nres ntawm lub tsheb, tom qab ntawv koj yuav tsum tau siv ib lub tshuaj tsuag tsuag rau ob ntawm lawv. Ib qho ntxiv, muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm lwm qhov pib ua rau cov xim, lawv yuav tsum tau npog kom huv thaum ua haujlwm. Lub sij hawm ziab hauv feem ntau tsis tshaj ob teev.

Tseem ceeb: rau xim cov hlau tsis yog hlau, muaj cov xim tshwj xeeb sib xyaw. Nco ntsoov nug txog qhov no thaum yuav khoom.

Dab tsi los xav txog thaum xaiv?

Nrog kev pab los ntawm alkyd thiab acrylic dyes, lawv kho cov khoom siv cua sov - lawv yuav tuaj yeem hloov cua sov mus txog 100 degrees. Tus nqi ib kilogram ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau yog los ntawm 2,5 txog 5,5 txhiab rubles.

Siv cov tshuaj epoxy sib xyaw, cov qauv tuaj yeem pleev xim uas ua kom sov siab txog 200 degrees. Qee qhov xim no tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua ntej ua ntej. Tus nqi ntau yog ntau dua - los ntawm 2 txog 8 txhiab leej.

Yog tias koj xav tau xim rau ci lossis ci ci, koj yuav tsum siv cov xim ethyl silicate thiab epoxy ester. Tom qab ntawd qhov ntsuas cua sov tso cai yuav yog 400 degrees. Siv cov khoom sib xyaw silicone ib leeg, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm cua sov mus txog 650 degrees; lub hauv paus rau kev sib xyaw yog polymer polymer resin, qee zaum sib xyaw nrog hmoov txhuas.

Thaum cov iav tiv taus cua sov thiab cov khoom sib xyaw tau ntxiv rau cov xim, nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1000 degrees. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov khoom sib xyaw uas pheej yig tshaj plaws tuaj yeem siv rau chav tsev cua sov, vim tias lawv tsis ua kom sov ntau dua 100 degrees. Tab sis cov hlau hlau hauv cov tsev ntiav tau ua kom sov li yim npaug ntau dua. Qhov siab dua qhov tso cai cua sov bar, kim dua cov xim sib tov yog. Hais txog kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig thiab kev huv huv, kev npaj ua dej raws li txoj hauv kev.

Ib qho ntxiv, koj yuav tsum paub seb cov xim tshwj xeeb puas haum rau sab nrauv lossis ua haujlwm sab hauv. Glossy thiab lub teeb zas sov sov zuj zus thiab muab cua sov tawm sab nraud rau lub sijhawm ntev dua li tsaus ntuj. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj yuav pleev xim rau lub qhov cub, cov cua sov ua haujlwm.

Cov lus pom zoo rau kev siv

Daim ntawv thov raug ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv txoj haujlwm tag nrho. Cov hlau hlau yuav tsum huv thiab tsis muaj xeb. Qhov tso me ntsis ntawm cov roj thiab cov pob zeb hauv av crusts yog qhov tsis lees txais. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov plua plav raug tshem tawm, cov hlau hlau tau degreased. Nws yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem lees paub los pleev xim hluav taws yam tsis muaj cov tshuaj ua ntej, uas yuav tsum tau qhuav tag.

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau sib xyaw ua ntej siv nrog tov khoom siv , tseem tshuav li ntawm ib nrab teev kom huab cua tawm los ntawm nws. Txoj kev pleev xim nplaim hluav taws zoo tshaj yog nqus cov tshuaj tsuag, thiab yog tias thaj chaw me me, txhuam tau tuaj yeem xa nrog.

Kev siv cov menyuam yog poob siab heev. Lawv tsim cov txheej tsis sib xws uas tsis tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab kub siab.

Qhov nruab nrab, kev siv cov xim pleev xim hluav taws kub yog los ntawm 1.5 txog 2.5 kg rau 1 sq. m. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov ntsuas no tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tuab ntawm txheej, daim ntawv thov kev xaiv thiab qhov ntom ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov tsawg kawg ntawm cov xim yog ob lub tsho loj, thiab feem ntau muaj 3-5 lub tsho loj.

Thaum cov qauv nyob hauv qhov pom tseeb, nws tuaj yeem npog nrog txheej zoo nkauj tshaj qhov tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv . Qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau npaj kom zoo zoo li sai tau, ua raws nraim li cov txheej txheem txheej thiab txheej txheem ntsuas kub los ntawm cov khw. Ua kom pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim kub-tiv taus thiab tiv tshav kub. Cov sib xyaw ua ke tom kawg yog qhov tsim nyog tsuas yog tsim los ntawm qhov ua kom sov tshaj plaws.

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab pleev xim koj lub calipers lub tsheb, tsis txhob tshem lawv - nws yog lub sijhawm pov tseg thiab muaj feem yuav ua rau koj lub nres puas. Ua ntej, lub log raug tshem tawm, tom qab ntawd cov khoom raug ntxuav los ntawm cov quav hniav thiab xeb, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lawv tau pleev xim rau hauv ob txheej.

Thaum npaj los pleev lub qhov cub hlau, ib txwm nyeem cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia rau kev npaj. Qee qhov kev tsim qauv tsuas tuaj yeem siv tom qab ua tib zoo npaj. Thaum tsis muaj qhov qhia tshwj xeeb hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev ntxuav qhov saum npoo los ntawm txhua qhov cim ntawm txheej txheej dhau los - roj, tso nyiaj thiab av.

Koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm xeb nrog ntawv xaum, xyaum nrog lub taub tshwj xeeb lossis hloov tshuaj xeb. Tom qab tshem tawm txawm tias qhov me me tshaj plaws, txheej saum toj kawg nkaus yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab qhuav.

Lub qhov cub yuav tsum tau degreased nrog cov hnyav xws li xylene lossis cov kuab tshuaj.

Raug tom qab ua tiav ua ntej staining yog:

• ntawm txoj kev - 6 teev;
• nyob rau hauv ib chav lossis chav kawm txuj ci - 24 teev.

Cov ncu yuav tsum tau pleev xim nrog ob peb txheej xim, uas tau siv rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv, txhua qhov tom qab ib qho dhau los tau qhuav.

Tseem ceeb: qib siab tso cai tso cua sov ntau dua, txheej yuav tsum ua kom tuab dua. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov xim muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub siab tshaj 650 degrees, nws tau thov nrog txheej tsis ntau tshaj 100 microns. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev hem thawj tsawg heev ntawm kev xeb ntawm cua sov tseem ceeb piv rau qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg tawg.

Ib txwm nrhiav seb qhov dav dav yog qhov ntsuas kub nyob qhov twg tuaj yeem siv cov xim. Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem pleev xim rau thaj tsam ntawm -5 txog +40 degrees. Tab sis qee qhov kev hloov kho muaj peev xwm nthuav dav ntxiv, koj yuav tsum paub txog lawv.