Cov Nplais Nplais (47 Duab): Tus Nplaig-thiab-zawv Zawg Thaiv Rau Kev Faib, Qhov Zoo Thiab Qhov Tsis Zoo Ntawm GWP, Cov Khoom Siv Gypsum Thiab Hollow 667x500x80 Mm Slabs, Lwm Yam K

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Cov nplais nplais, lossis cov thaiv ntu, tau hloov cov phab ntsa ntub dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv nrov. Khoom siv gypsum thiab hollow slabs ntsuas 667 × 500 × 80 mm, lwm txoj hauv kev tso cai rau koj hloov pauv yooj yim hauv tsev lossis chav tsev, muab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab muaj ntau yam zoo. Nws tsim nyog tham hauv ntau yam ntxiv txog txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev teeb tsa GWP.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Cov nplais nplais yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev siv hauv kev tsim cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab muab faib ua ke. Lawv tau ua los ntawm gypsum lossis silicate, ntxiv nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom. Tus nplaig-thiab-zawj yog hom tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib dhos sib txuas, nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav thiab ua kom haum cov nqaws, thiab ua kom nrawm dua cov txheej txheem sib dhos . Cov ntsiab lus ntawm phab ntsa tau yooj yim sib dhos, tsis muaj teeb meem ntau dua li cov menyuam tsim qauv.

Panels tau tsim raws li GOST 6428-83 los ntawm kev pov thawj . Raws li nws qhov yuav tsum tau ua, monolithic blocks yuav tsum muaj lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag, du thiab txawm tias tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntim ntxiv thaum ua tiav. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tsim kho sab hauv uas tsis muaj cov kabmob uas tau ntim, lawv tau ua tiav siv rau hauv cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob thiab lwm yam txheej txheem.

Kev siv raug tso cai hauv cov tsev pej xeem thiab cov tsev nyob, chaw tswj hwm thiab chaw ua haujlwm.

Ntau yam hauv kev sib xyaw

Kev faib tawm tseem ceeb ntawm GWP yog ua raws cov khoom siv ntawm kev tsim khoom - sib xyaw tuaj yeem yog gypsum lossis silicate . Tab sis muaj lwm qhov sib txawv ib yam nkaus. Piv txwv li, qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom. PGB, lossis cov thaiv nrog tus nplaig-thiab-zawj txuas, yog qhov loj dua, los ntawm qhov uas nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau los ua cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub tsev, muab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev txaus. Cov pob zeb tau tsim, es, rau dai hla cov qauv txhawb nqa - thav duab lossis cov khoom siv monolithic.

Gypsum

Cov khoom tau txais los ntawm cov txheej txheem casting. Gypsum-based GWPs yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov teeb meem qhuav nrog cov yas thiab lwm yam ntxiv. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom xyaw pabcuam yog txhawm rau ua kom cov dej noo tiv taus ntawm cov khoom. Los ntawm nws tus kheej, gypsum yooj yim nqus dej noo thiab dhau los ua xoob. Cov khoom tiv thaiv pab ua kom nws tiv taus lwm yam kev cuam tshuam.

Gypsum yog cov khoom siv zoo ib puag ncig pom zoo rau siv hauv cov menyuam chav, tsev kho mob, cafes thiab tsev noj mov . Nws tsis tso cov tshuaj phem thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. GWP los ntawm gypsum muab cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev, rwb thaiv tsev suab.

Hais txog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws, lawv yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv cov phiaj hlau no thaum txhim kho cov ntu kom txiav tawm hluav taws, ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tsev thiab cov txheej txheem thaum muaj hluav taws.

Silicate

Cov nplais nplais ntawm hom no yog ua los ntawm cov ntxhia pob zeb, siv cov xuab zeb zoo thiab xuab zeb qhuav. Cov dej sib tov yog diluted nrog dej hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem, dhau mus rau theem molding, tom qab ntawd nws raug nias, ua tiav hauv lub tshuab nqus dej . Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntau theem no tsim cov blocks nrog kev ua tau zoo dua. Lawv muaj qhov txo qis coefficient ntawm kev nqus dej, thiab lawv qhov ntom thiab lub zog muaj ntau dua.

Kev nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov tseem nthuav dav. Silicate GWPs zoo haum rau kev teeb tsa raws li kev txhawb nqa tus kheej . Lawv tuaj yeem siv hauv chav dej, chav dej, chav ntxhua khaub ncaws.

Tab sis tsis muaj qhov zawj thiab kab ntawm kab rov tav sib koom ua rau kev teeb tsa nyuaj dua.

Hom kev sau

Kev sau cov pob zeb kuj tsis zoo ib yam. Nws tuaj yeem ua lub cev tag nrho, ntxiv rau hollow - cov qauv no nqus tau lub suab zoo, khaws cov cua sov zoo dua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua hom yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab kom ntxaws.

Hollow

Pawg no suav nrog cov pob zeb uas ua ntev los ntawm qhov ua. Lawv hnyav 1/4 tsawg dua, uas tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum xam lub nra rau hauv pem teb thiab hauv paus. Cov khoom lag luam no muab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua qub, khaws cov cua sov kom zoo - koj tuaj yeem txuag hluav taws xob . Tab sis hais txog cov yam ntxwv muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo, lawv tsis zoo rau kev xaiv monolithic.

Ntxiv mus, thaum txiav, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kaw cov voids hauv cov phab ntsa.

Corpulent

Classic tus nplaig-thiab-zawv zawg yog qhov hnyav heev, tab sis muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo . Lawv yog cov ntom, zoo haum rau dai cov txee thiab cov khoom txee. Lub zog muaj zog kuj tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov ntu uas yuav tsum tau txhim kho yog txhawb nqa tus kheej. Lub qhov rooj sab hauv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm phab ntsa.

Hom los ntawm qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv ya raws

GWP feem ntau pom tias tsis tsim nyog tshwj xeeb rau siv hauv ib puag ncig ntub. Tab sis lawv kuj txawv. Cov kev xaiv yooj yim nrog 25-30% kev nqus dej yog tiag tiag tsuas yog npaj rau qhov chaw qhuav.

Cov khoom tiv taus ya raws nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb hydrophobic tig ntsuab. Lawv cov dej nqus dej coefficient tsis tshaj 5%, uas ua rau cov khoom haum rau siv hauv chav ua noj thiab chav dej.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab qhov ntev

Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm tus nplaig-thiab-zawj slabs, tsis hais txog lawv tus qauv, tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm lub xeev tus qauv. Kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom siv tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij lossis txaus ntshai ntxiv hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lwm yam khoom kuj tau tswj hwm. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsis yog:

• ntom ntawm cov laug cam silicate - los ntawm 1870 kg / m3, gypsum - txog 1350 kg / m3;
• lub zog sib zog - 5.0 MPa, khoov zog - 2.4 MPa;
• thermal conductivity - 0.29-0.35;
• Kev nqus dej - txog 5% rau kev tiv thaiv ya raws, 25-30% rau qhov zoo ib yam;
• tso cai av noo - tsis ntau tshaj 12%;
• peev xwm nqa tau - 874-907 kgf;
• suab nrov sib cais coefficient - 34-40 dB;
• txwv tsis pub tua hluav taws - txog 4 teev.

Qhov loj me ntawm cov nplaim nplaim-thiab-zawj yog txwv . Txuj kev xaiv tuab yog 80 thiab 100 hli. Qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ntev thiab dav tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no: 667 × 500 mm, 900 × 300 mm, 800 × 400 mm, 600 × 300 mm. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov nruab nrab hollow cov khoom lag luam gypsum yog 22-24 kg, tag nrho lub cev-txog 32 kg. Silicate GWPs yog qhov sib dua, hnyav txog 15.6 kg.

Pros thiab cons

Cov nplais nplais yog cov khoom siv tshiab, uas tau txiav txim siab los ua qhov sib piv niaj hnub ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej thiab lwm yam kev xaiv zoo sib xws. Lawv muaj ntau qhov zoo uas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm pawg loj, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo. Nws tsim nyog tham txog txhua cov ntsiab lus no kom ntxaws.

Ntawm qhov pom tau zoo ntawm GWP yog cov hauv qab no

• Lub teeb yuag . Lub nra ntawm lub hauv paus thiab hauv pem teb yuav tsawg heev. Qhov no tseem ceeb ob qho tib si hauv vaj tsev nyob hauv tsev thiab hauv ib lub tebchaws. Txawm tias lub tsev nyob ib puag ncig yuav tiv tau qhov kev faib.
• Lub zog . Cov slabs yog tuab dua hauv kev sib piv nrog cov phab ntsa ntub dej, zoo dua tiv taus kev poob siab. Ntxiv txhav txhav txhav yog cov nplaig-thiab-zaws pob qij txha. Lawv kuj ntxiv dag zog rau phab ntsa.
• Yooj yim ntawm kev txiav thiab teeb tsa . Cov phaj tuaj koom sai, lawv tuaj yeem txiav rau qhov loj, raug rau lwm hom kev ua haujlwm.
• Cov nplaim du, zoo kawg nkaus tiaj tus . Cov phab ntsa sib sau ua ke tau npaj tiav rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Nws yog txaus los ua tus thawj thiab pleev xim rau nws, muab lo rau nws nrog cov ntawv ntsa. Qhov no txo qis kev siv zog ntawm kev ua tiav, ua rau lawv tsis qias neeg.
• Muaj peev xwm siv ntau hom fasteners . Cov txee thiab cov txee tuaj yeem dai ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag siv tus kheej tapping screws, dowels.
• Kev nyab xeeb thiab kev phooj ywg zoo . Cov khoom siv yog hluav taws kub thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyiam huv tshaj plaws. Lub suab rwb thaiv tsev ua tau zoo dua li ntawm analogues.
• Tsis muaj kev txwv ntawm kev xaiv hom kev faib ua feem . Lawv tuaj yeem yog ib leeg lossis ob npaug, nrog lossis tsis muaj 40 hli cua ntsawj ntshab.
• Qhov piv ntawm cov yam ntxwv . Ib qho slab nrog tuab ntawm 80 hli sib raug rau cov phab ntsa zoo ib yam ntawm 400 hli.
• Yooj yim ntawm kev tso kev sib tham sab hauv . Koj tuaj yeem khiav dej tshiab lossis kab roj hla ntawm phab ntsa.
• Muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ib leeg . Qhov no yooj yim dua li siv lub zog pabcuam pabcuam.

Tsis yog tsis muaj nws qhov tsis zoo. Cov no suav nrog qis dua kev muaj peev xwm ntawm hollow slabs . Lawv tsis haum rau kev ruaj ntseg cov khoom hnyav. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thaum sib dhos, yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov phaj rau lub qab nthab. Hauv kev sib piv nrog cov cib lossis cov khoom sib cais, GWPs tseem poob.

Cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ya raws tsis haum rau chav dej thiab chav ua noj.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

Niaj hnub no, kev tsim cov nplais-thiab-zawj slabs tau ua los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab. Tab sis txog tam sim no, cov npe no nyuam qhuav muaj 2-3 lub npe. Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib tw, cov khoom lag luam kuj tau nce ntxiv. Ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas nws cov khoom tsim nyog txiav txim siab yuav khoom hnub no, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem sib txawv.

Knauf . Lub tuam txhab nrog German keeb kwm tau ntev tau muaj koob meej nyob hauv Lavxias lag luam. Hauv cov npe no, PGPs tau nthuav tawm hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov qauv, tau sib txawv los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntsuas tsis sib thooj thiab qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Knauf tsim ob qho kev tiv thaiv ya raws thiab cov laug cam, muab qhov nyiam rau kev xaiv gypsum.

" Magma ". Ib lub tuam txhab los ntawm koom pheej ntawm Mordovia. Nws tau nquag koom nrog kev tsim khoom, siv German thev naus laus zis thiab khoom siv hauv chav kawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. GWP tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub npe "gypsum board", uas cov khoom lag luam muab cov khoom sib xyaw ua tus tswv. Cov khoom siv suav nrog cov khoom sib zog thiab hollow.

Rusean . Ib lub npe nyob ze Moscow nrog cov nroj tsuag hauv cheeb tsam Ramensky. Nws pib nws txoj haujlwm ua tus tsim khoom sib xyaw tsev qhuav, maj mam nthuav nws qhov ntau. Niaj hnub no lub tuam txhab ntseeg siab tswj hwm ib qho ntawm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv GWP kev ua lag luam.

" ECO" cov . Ib lub lag luam me hauv Yaroslavl, ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 2004, tshwj xeeb hauv kev txhawb nqa pob zeb thiab cov khoom lag luam los ntawm nws. GWP tau tsim tawm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv German. Lub hom phiaj tsom mus rau silicate hollow core slabs.

" Gipsopolymer" tshuaj . Lub tuam txhab nyob hauv Perm Cheeb Tsam, cov nroj tsuag tau ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 1953, tab sis kev tshaj tawm txoj kab rau kev tsim cov nplaim nplaim-thiab-zawj tau tshwm sim tsuas yog xyoo 2013. Cov khoom lag luam yog qhov txawv los ntawm tus nqi pheej yig, ruaj khov zoo, thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom tsis yog tsuas yog hauv cheeb tsam, tab sis kuj dhau nws cov ciam teb. Peb tsim cov nplaim-thiab-zawj daim hlau 80 thiab 100 hli tuab, zoo ib yam thiab hollow, nrog cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov dej tsis kam.

Volma . Ib lub npe los ntawm Volgograd uas tau tshwm sim xyoo 1999 los ntawm kev lag luam uas twb muaj lawm yav dhau los. Ib tus thawj coj ntawm kev ua lag luam Lavxias. Niaj hnub no lub tuam txhab muaj ntau lub tsev tsim khoom ib zaug, thiab qhov ntim ntawm kev tsim khoom ua rau nws muaj peev xwm npog tau yooj yim tsis tsuas yog kev thov hauv tsev. Lub tuam txhab muaj cov txheej txheem nruj, qhov zoo ntawm GWP ib txwm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, fiberglass tau siv los ntxiv dag zog rau cov phaj. Cov khoom siv suav nrog cov khoom siv khov thiab hollow gypsum nrog cov ntsuas sib txawv tiv taus ya raws.

LLC "Axolit ". Lub tuam txhab nkag mus rau kev lag luam tsis ntev los no - hauv 2013. Txij thaum pib los, lub hom phiaj tau pib tsim cov paib ntawm cov nplais-thiab-zawj, thiab nws qhov ntau kuj suav nrog cov sib xyaw qhuav thiab cov ntawv nplaum gypsum.

Forman . Txawm hais tias lub npe txawv teb chaws, cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no yog Samara Gypsum Plant. GWPs tau tsim tawm txij li xyoo 2013, tus qauv yog European qauv rau hom kev thaiv no. Cov nroj tsuag tau tshwj xeeb tau yuav kab German cov cuab yeej siv rau lub hom phiaj no, ua tib zoo saib xyuas rau kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw.

" Peshelansky gypsum cog ". Lub tuam txhab no ua nws cov khoom lag luam ncaj qha ntawm cov nyiaj tso nyiaj gypsum. Lub tuam txhab yog ib tus thawj hauv tebchaws Russia pib tsim cov khoom lag luam tshiab - PGP, rov qab rau xyoo 2002. Qhov suav nrog tsuas yog cov nplais ntawm 80 hli tuab, zoo tib yam, hollow thiab shungite, nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb.

Belgips . Belarusian chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam plaster. GWPs tau tsim tawm ntawm no txij li xyoo 2005, cov khoom siv tsuas suav nrog cov nplais ntawm 80 mm tuab. Niaj hnub no kev lag luam yog ib feem ntawm Volma Pawg Tuam Txhab, thaum lub cim lag luam qub tau khaws nws qhov tseeb.

Gifas . Cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no yog tsim los ntawm Sverdlovsk Plaster Works Plant. Cov khoom lag luam tau paub feem ntau hauv khw hauv cheeb tsam. Tsuas muaj ib tus qauv loj ntawm cov pob zeb - 80 hli tuab.

Cov no yog cov thawj coj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lag luam npliag nplais thiab nplais. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom lag luam zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau lub tuam txhab txawv teb chaws.

Daim ntawv thov

Lub hauv paus loj uas siv tus nplaig-thiab-zawj slabs yog kev txhim kho ntawm daim lintels, faib rau hauv kev tsim kho. Cov phab ntsa txhawb nqa tus kheej tau txhim tsa los ntawm cov thaiv 100 hli tuab, cais chav dej lossis tsim kev faib chaw ntxiv hauv chav dej . Lawv kuj tseem siv rau kev faib ua feem rau lub hom phiaj kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm, hauv kev tsim khoom, hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov qauv phab ntsa. Kev teeb tsa yog ua tiav ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av screed lossis lwm yam txawm tias thiab lub hauv paus ruaj khov.

Rau kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo dua qub, kev teeb tsa ua ke ntawm 2 txoj kab ntsug nrog txheej cua ntawm 40-50 hli nruab nrab ntawm lawv tau siv . Lub thev naus laus zis teeb tsa tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog lub xub ntiag uas twb tau tsim los lawm. Kev teeb tsa ntawm kev faib khoom tau ua tiav ua ntej pib ua haujlwm tiav.

Qee zaum ob phab ntsa tau tsim los nkaum kab kev sib txuas lus sab hauv.

Xaiv cov nplaum

Thaum ua tiav kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm siv cov nplais-thiab-zawj daim hlau, lub rooj sib txoos tseem ceeb ua qhov kawg-rau-kawg. Tab sis koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem kiag li. Nws txuas cov kab rov tav. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog txiav txim siab ntawm no tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke rau kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tsis thim kom tsis txhob deform lub seam. Kev daws zoo tshaj plaws yog Fugen los ntawm Knauf, tab sis koj tuaj yeem xaiv lwm hom gypsum-polymer sib xyaw . Rau cov thaiv ntawm lub hauv paus silicate, cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws yog cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm nrog aerated qhob, ua npuas ncauj ua vaj tsev.

Txheej txheem kev teeb tsa

Txhawm rau ua kom muab faib los ntawm cov nplaim nplaim-thiab-zawj, yuav tsum tau ua raws qee qhov kev ua. Cov haujlwm hauv qab no suav tias yog qhov xav tau tshaj plaws.

• Kev npaj . Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kos lub ntsej muag ntawm hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa qhov chaw muab faib yuav nyob. Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov siab thiab ntev, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom rau nws yog xam.
• Kev npaj nto . Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov av ntawm nws los ntawm nws, tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas qhov ntsuas tsis ntsuas siv qib. Yog hais tias saum npoo muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nce siab pom, yuav tsum muaj qib ntxiv.
• Mounting mortar npaj . Nws tuav ceev, nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los ua zaub mov hauv qhov loj.
• Txiav ntug . Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau nce thaj chaw sib cuag nrog lub hauv paus ntawm thawj kab, txhawm rau ua kom cov qauv ruaj khov dua. Nws raug nquahu kom pib tso nrog qhov zawj tig rau.
• Mounting . Kev daws teeb meem yog siv rau lub hauv paus nws tus kheej thiab rau ntawm qhov GWP uas nyob ib sab rau kev txhawb nqa. Txhua lub vaj huam sib luag raug ntsuas los ntawm qib. Cov grooves yog coated nrog kua nplaum, ua raws nrog cov spikes. Koj tuaj yeem kaw thaj tsam ntawm kev sib cuag thaum txhim kho cov thaiv nrog lub thoob.
• Thaum tso tawm txhua kab tom ntej, cov nqaws tau txav chaw . Hauv qhov txawv, lawv muab tag nrho phaj ua ntej, hauv ib qho, ib nrab ntawm nws mus ua ntej. Txhua cov kua nplaum ntau dhau tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm.
• Txhua 4-5 kab koj yuav tsum tau so rau 3 teev kom cov kev daws teeb meem muaj sijhawm mus lob . Txwv tsis pub, muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov qauv.
• Hauv kab kawg, cov plaub hau yog txiav ib yam li thawj zaug . Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw abutment mus rau lub qab nthab, cov npoo tau me ntsis beveled. Kev sib dhos nrawm txawm tias kab nrog aluminium brackets rau ntawm phab ntsa yuav pab ua kom nruj ntawm cov qauv.

Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no, nws yuav tsis nyuaj rau daws nws tus kheej ua ke ntawm tus nplaig-thiab-zawj phaj.

Txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov nplaig-thiab-zawj daim hlau saib zoo heev. Cov neeg yuav khoom nco qhov yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm kev faib khoom, kev ua haujlwm siab . Tsis zoo li cov phab ntsa ntub dej, cov laug cam yog qhov loj me, yooj yim khaws thiab khaws cia. Lawv nce mus rau hauv pem teb tsis nyuaj rau cov neeg uas muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm lub cev. Kev xaiv tuab tuab tshaj plaws rau kev faib ua sab hauv, raws li kev tshuaj xyuas, yog qhov xaiv 80 hli.

Cov neeg yuav khoom ceeb toom cov yam ntxwv rwb thaiv tsev zoo ntawm cov khoom. Nrog kev teeb tsa kom raug, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev nkag mus ntawm cov suab nrov sab nraud. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov phab ntsa zoo li no tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab. Thaum siv dowel fasteners, lawv yuav ua tau zoo heev tiv thaiv dai chav ua noj lossis txee hauv chav. Qhov tsis muaj av thaum kho qhov chaw kuj tseem raug suav tias yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Kev thov rau PGP hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab chaw ua haujlwm hauv vaj hauv tsev tau sau tseg . Cov khoom sib faib hnyav no tsis ua txhaum qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom huv thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau hluav taws, lawv tau sib sau ua ke sai, thiab lawv yooj yim rau rhuav tshem yog tias tsim nyog. Tseem muaj qee qhov kev tsis txaus siab. GWP yog cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Kev poob siab hnyav yog contraindicated rau nws. Kev teeb tsa kuj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj ntawm lub hauv paus; qhov siab sib txawv yuav ua rau deformations. Kuj tseem muaj kev txwv ntawm qhov siab thiab ntev ntawm phab ntsa - qhov no tuaj yeem nthuav qhia qee yam tsis yooj yim.