2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41
Kev txhawb zog ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag tsis-girder monolithic pem teb (sab hauv kab rov tav qauv) yog cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm lawv kev tsim khoom. Kev txhawb zog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov qauv ua los ntawm cov pob zeb yuav siv lub nra thiab nce lub zog ntawm cov khoom.
Teem caij
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhawb zog yog txhawm rau ua kom muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub nra ntawm cov qauv, txhawm rau txo qhov muaj peev xwm tawg uas tshwm vim kub nce. Rau cov haujlwm zoo li no, cov khoom siv nrog lub zog muaj zog zoo siv - fiber, iav fiber, basalt fiber, hlau. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov xeb ntxov thiab ua rau hnav tsis kam ntawm cov tuam tsev, txoj hauv kev txhawb nqa pib tau siv.
Yuav tsum muaj
Kev ntxiv dag zog rau cov vaj huam sib luag hauv tsev monolithic yog txheej txheem kev lav phib xaub, kev ua raws qhov uas raug rau ntau yam xwm txheej. Thaum ua tiav kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov vaj huam sib luag ua vaj huam sib luag hauv tsev, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus pom hauv qab no.
- Txhawm rau txuas cov hlua hlau, yuav tsum siv txoj hlua xaws nrog ntu hla ntawm 1, 2-1, 6 millimeters. Kev siv vuam hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem lees paub vim kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv hlau ntawm cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam.
- Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab rau qhov xav tau tuab (qhov siab) ntawm cov pob zeb ua haujlwm sib piv rau qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm cov phab ntsa uas tau txais lub nra. Qhov siab ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag txhawb nqa yog 30 npaug tsawg dua qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm kev txhawb nqa. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub vaj huam sib luag me tshaj plaws tuab yog yam tsawg 15 centimeters.
- Kev tso cov khoom ntawm cov hlau thav duab, coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ntev ntawm kev sib tshooj, tau ua tiav ntsug. Ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag me tshaj plaws, kev txhawb nqa tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej. Ntawm qhov siab tshaj 15 centimeters, kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa yog ua hauv ob txheej.
- Rau kev nchuav rau hauv daim ntawv, siv cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm M200 qib thiab siab dua yog siv. Cov qhob ntawm cov qhab nia no muaj cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo, tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav thiab muaj tus nqi tsim nyog.
- Cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa nrog ntu ntu ntawm 8–12 millimeters tau siv los sib dhos cov hlau grating. Thaum ua tiav kev txhawb nqa ob txheej, qhov loj me ntawm ntu ntawm cov hlau profile hauv kab hauv qab tau ua tiav. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev siv cov mesh ua tiav tau tso cai.
- Cov ntawv ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm cov plywood tsis muaj dej lossis cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm. Cov pob qij txha tau ua tib zoo kaw. Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua haujlwm, zawv zawg-hom hlau racks lossis cov ncej ntoo nrog txoj kab uas hla txog 20 centimeters tau siv.
Ua kom tiav cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa lub zog yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv tsim. Lub vaj huam sib luag ntxiv, tsim ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, yuav ua haujlwm tau ntau dua ib xyoo lawm.
Cov ntaub ntawv twg yog siv?
Ntawm lwm yam, koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv raug uas tuaj yeem siv tau. Rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv pem teb, raws li tau hais los saum no, nws yog qhov nyiam siv cov cement qib 200 thiab siab dua . Txij li nws yog cov cement uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov muaj zog - qhov taw qhia uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv muab. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov hnyav ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag yog kwv yees li 500 kg / m2.
Hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txhawb nqa rau cov nplais, feem ntau yog cov pas hlau ntawm chav kawm A500C tau siv. Kub-kuav los tiag rebars ntawm ncua sij hawm profile. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tuav tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev suav ua tiav hauv txoj kev npaj tsim. Raws li txoj cai, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov pas nrig yog nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 8-16 mm.
Vim tias qhov sib tshooj monolithic feem ntau ua haujlwm rau kev tawg, lub hauv paus txhawb nqa tshwj xeeb yog lub hauv paus txhawb nqa, uas yog rub tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau tsim nws, hauv qee ntu, cov pas nrig nrog ntu ntu loj tau siv ntau dua rau txheej txheej sab saud. Qhov xwm txheej sib txawv me ntsis hauv thaj chaw uas cov vaj huam sib luag thiab txhawb nqa tau sib koom . Ntawm no, cov khoom ntim zoo ua rau cov pas nrig sab hauv zoo ib yam, hauv qhov no, nws tseem ntxiv dag zog. Thaum cov nplais ua raws kab lossis ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa uas muaj qhov loj dua, kev txhawb nqa tau siv uas nyob hauv qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv kev txhawb zog, cov chav kawm uas yog A240C lossis A240 (kev tsim kho kom zoo dua qub).
Cov yam ntxwv suav
Muaj peev xwm suav tau ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag monolithic rau hauv pem teb thiab nws qhov kev txhawb zog nqa ntau yam zoo.
- Kab rov tav monolithic vaj huam sib luag qauv yuav muaj lub siab kawg load peev xwm.
- Qhov kev suav kom raug yuav muab qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv ntawm kev txhawb nqa, vaj huam sib luag siab, qib thiab ntim ntawm pob zeb ua ke. Txhua qhov no ua ke ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txuag sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag.
- Kev suav ua haujlwm siab tau tso cai, raws li kev txhawb nqa rau cov qauv monolithic, txhawm rau siv tsis tau tsuas yog cov phab ntsa, tab sis kuj suav kab hauv cov khoom.
- Kev suav yuav muab tag nrho qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lawv tus nqi.
- Nws muaj peev xwm los laij cov vaj huam sib luag hauv pem teb uas tsis ua raws li tus qauv teeb tsa.
- Cov kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov qauv tsim los ntawm kev faib ua feem rau kev suav qhov kev txhawb zog yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis txwv.
Cov Cai Yooj Yim
Tsis yog txhua tus muaj peev xwm los ua tus lej suav raug. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov qauv zoo ib yam rau kev tsim khoom thiab ntxiv dag zog rau hauv pem teb monolithic. Raws li cov cai no, qhov siab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag yuav tsum yog 1/30 ntawm qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm kev txhawb nqa ib sab. Piv txwv li, nrog qhov ntev ntawm 600 centimeters, qhov siab ntawm cov qauv ua tiav monolithic yuav yog 20 centimeters. Qhov nce ntawm qhov siab yuav tsuas yog ua rau dhau ntawm cov pob zeb kim.
Thaum qhov ntev ntawm qhov qhib qhov sib tshooj tsis tshaj 7 meters, tom qab ntawd yuav tsum siv tus qauv kev ntsuas tus qauv. Raws li txoj hauv kev no, ib lub vaj huam sib luag monolithic yuav tsum tau txhawb ntxiv nrog ob txheej txheej ntawm qhov cuab lub zog . Ob txheej tau muab tso nrog cov khoom txhawb nqa A-500C, muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 mm. Cov pas nrig tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm kwv yees li 150-200 millimeters. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov pas nrig rau hauv cov thav duab nrog lub xovtooj ntawm tes ntawm 150-200 millimeters tau ua tiav nrog cov xaws xov mos muag nrog ntu ntu ntawm 1, 2 txog 3 mm. Lub vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem txhawb ntxiv nrog tus qauv welded mesh muaj nyob hauv khw.
Thaum suav qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv monolithic, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tus nqi ntawm kev tuav . Nov yog ib feem ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag uas yuav haum rau ntawm phab ntsa. Nrog cov cib ntsa, qhov loj me ntawm tuav (ua haujlwm saum npoo) yuav tsum yog 15 centimeters lossis ntau dua. Rau cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ua pob zeb, qhov loj me no yog 25 centimeters lossis ntau dua. Cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa raug txiav hauv txoj hauv kev uas lawv qhov kawg tau npog nrog txheej txheej ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw nrog qhov siab tsawg kawg 25 millimeters.
Qhov kev suav yooj yim tshaj tawm qhia tias nrog kev txhawb nqa kom raug rau ib square meter. meter ntawm monolithic qhob slab nrog qhov siab ntawm 20 centimeters, kev siv yog kwv yees li 1 m3 ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm M200 qib thiab siab dua (nyiam dua M350), 36 kg ntawm A500C txhawb nqa nrog thaj tsam ntu ntawm 10 mm. Cov no yog cov cai yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem ua qhov ua tib zoo ntsuas.
Yuav ua li cas ntxiv?
Kev thauj khoom ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag uas tsis yog-girder monolithic mus rau qhov nqes hav nqes mus thiab kis tau ib feem nyob thoob plaws hauv ib cheeb tsam. Nws hloov tawm tias sab saud ntawm lub thav duab txhawb nqa xav tias muaj lub nra hnyav, thiab qis dua siv lub nra hnyav. Cov pas nrig tau muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv ua haujlwm thiab khi rau ib leeg los ntawm txoj hlua xaws mos. Rau lub hauv paus pob txha, cov hlau tuab tuab tau xyaum. Cov txheej sab saud yog ua los ntawm cov pas nrig nrog ntu me me.
Thaum ua tiav ntawm kev xaws ntawm qhov txuas txuas ntxiv, lawv yuav tsum ua kom raug qhov nrug ntawm qhov siab.
Nrog cov txheej txheem hauv pem teb qhov siab ntawm 180 txog 200 hli, qhov ntev ntawm qhov ncua kom tau npog tuaj yeem ntev txog 6 meters . Hauv cov vaj huam sib luag no, qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm sab qis thiab sab saud txhawb nqa tau tuav tseg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm 100–125 hli. Txog qhov no, cov clamps tau xyaum, uas yog ua los ntawm cov seem ntawm kev txhawb nqa nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 mm. Cov pas nrig ntev tau khoov rau hauv daim ntawv "L" thiab muab tso rau ntawm ib lub 'meter'. Hauv cov chaw uas xav tau kev txhawb ntxiv ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag hauv pem teb, qhov kev ncua deb tau txo mus rau 40 cm.
Ib txheej ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm kwv yees li 25 - 30 mm, lossis ntau me ntsis, yuav tsum nyob hauv qab cov txheej txheem txhawb ntxiv. Cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa sab saud yog nchuav nrog txheej zoo sib xws. Txhawm rau kom muaj qhov loj me no, cov yas txhawb nqa tau muab tso rau hauv qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm cov kab qis ntawm kev txhawb nqa nrog ib ntus li ntawm ib 'meter'. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tau muag hauv khw muag khoom siv hauv tsev. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog cov ntoo thaiv cov ntsia hlau lossis ntsia hlau rau daim ntawv siv tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau. Yog tias koj tsis kho lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv hom no, tom qab ntawd lawv muaj peev xwm ntab thaum sau daim ntawv nrog cov tshuaj tov.
Cov lus qhia ntxiv dag zog
Cov txheej txheem tsim kho muaj ntau cov kauj ruam uas yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ntu uas tau tsim.
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Daim ntawv tawg tau ua los ntawm cov hlau hlau, cov laug cam thiab cov ntawv plywood. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv, tshwj xeeb tsom iav qhov txhawb nqa (racks) tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov. Tus naj npawb ntawm kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo txhawb nqa lub thawv, tsis pub nws khoov hauv qab qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj khib . Nrog rau 200 mm txheej siab, qhov hnyav yog 1 sq. meter ntawm pob zeb ua kev daws teeb meem nce mus txog 300-500 kg. Hloov chaw ntawm cov ntoo thim rov qab, koj tuaj yeem xyaum ua cov ntoo lossis cov ntoo ntoo nrog ntu ntawm 100 × 100 hli. Lawv tau teeb tsa nrog ntu ntawm 1, 2-1, 5 meters. Cov kab teeb ntev tau muab tso rau ntawm lub racks thiab tsa rau qhov siab tshwj xeeb. Tom qab ntawd, tau teeb tsa kab kab hla, uas cov plywood nrog zaj duab xis tiv taus ya raws tau tsau rau saum txheej txheej sab nrauv los ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Qhov tso cai tuab yog 18-20 mm.
Zaj duab xis-ntsej muag plywood tuaj yeem hloov nrog qhov qub, txheej nrog cov xim pleev xim. Lwm hom hauv paus yog cov laug cam uas npog nrog zaj duab xis cellophane. Cov tshuaj khib tsis lo rau saum nplaim dej - hauv qhov no, qis dua ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag hauv pem teb tawm los du thiab zoo ib yam.
Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau kom raug?
Cov txheej txheem thiab xaws ntawm cov pas nrig hlau tau ua tiav raws li cov txheej txheem tsim kom muaj zog. Qhov loj me ntawm tes yog 150 × 150 lossis 200 × 200 mm. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los sim ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntu ntawm cov thav duab khiav hauv qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov ntev yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog tias qhov ntev ntawm cov pas nrig tsis txaus, tom qab ntawd cov hlua pabcuam tau muab tso nrog qhov sib tshooj sib npaug . Cov cheeb tsam sib txuas tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv tus qauv kos duab. Qhov kev txhawb nqa no lav tau qhov txaus ntseeg txaus thiab nruj ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag.
Sau daim ntawv
Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj tov ua ntej ua tiav. Nws tswj hwm qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, sib xyaw suav nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv uas ua rau ntsuas kev ua tau zoo dua. Cov pob zeb ua tau raug tswj kom ntseeg tau thiab raug coj mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho hauv qhov ntim txaus rau ib zaug . Los ntawm kev siv lub twj tso kua mis ua ke, qhov sib xyaw tau faib ncaj qha rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag. Cov twj submersible vibrator ua kom zoo dua cov tshuaj khib thiab faib nws faib ua feem ntawm cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv parallel, huab cua npuas raug tshem tawm. Thaum ua tiav ntawm kev nchuav, lub dav hlau tau smoothed nrog lub trowel tshwj xeeb ntawm tus tuav elongated thiab npog nrog ib txheej nyias ntawm cov cement qhuav.
Qhov ntsuas kub zoo ntawm qhov chaw ib puag ncig thaum sau cov qauv nrog kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tsawg kawg +5 degrees . Ntawm qhov kub tsis zoo, cov kua sab hauv qhov sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua kom khov thiab ua txhaum cov monolith. Kev tawg ua rau lub zog tsis muaj zog ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag thiab ua rau nws lub neej luv. Ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ua haujlwm haum, hauv pem teb muaj zog yuav ua kom tawv dua tom qab ib hlis. Thawj 3-4 hnub cov pob zeb tau txuas nrog dej tas li txhawm rau khaws cov dej noo hauv nws, thiab nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov nws tseem tau npog nrog zaj duab xis.
Tseem ceeb! Daim duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm kev txhawb ntxiv ntawm kab rov tav kab rov tav yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem, suav nrog cov duab kos. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog yuav ua li cas ntxiv cov vaj huam sib luag hauv pem teb, nws yooj yim los ua haujlwm ntawm koj tus kheej thiab txuag tau ntau ntawm qhov no. Qhov loj tshaj yog ua kom raug cov lej thiab ua raws cov thev naus laus zis.
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Dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua los tso paving slabs rau? Kev xaiv sib txawv rau cov hauv paus, txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog lawv. Muab xam los ntawm kev thauj khoom thiab sib piv. Puas paving pob zeb tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha rau ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab av yam tsis muaj dej ntws?
