Formwork Slab: Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Rau Kev Tsim Kho Ib Leeg, Ua-nws-koj Tus Kheej Kev Teeb Tsa. Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Nruab Ib Daim Ntawv Ruaj Khov?

Cov txheej txheem:

Video: Formwork Slab: Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Rau Kev Tsim Kho Ib Leeg, Ua-nws-koj Tus Kheej Kev Teeb Tsa. Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Nruab Ib Daim Ntawv Ruaj Khov?

Video: Formwork Slab: Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Rau Kev Tsim Kho Ib Leeg, Ua-nws-koj Tus Kheej Kev Teeb Tsa. Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Nruab Ib Daim Ntawv Ruaj Khov?
Video: New Laj Tsawb Hlub Tsis Muaj Tso Yuav Nciam Ntawm Koj Mus 2024, Tej zaum
Formwork Slab: Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Rau Kev Tsim Kho Ib Leeg, Ua-nws-koj Tus Kheej Kev Teeb Tsa. Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Nruab Ib Daim Ntawv Ruaj Khov?
Formwork Slab: Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Rau Kev Tsim Kho Ib Leeg, Ua-nws-koj Tus Kheej Kev Teeb Tsa. Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Nruab Ib Daim Ntawv Ruaj Khov?
Anonim

Ib qho kev tsim vaj tsev muab rau kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av, uas tuaj yeem tuaj yeem yuav tau npaj ua tiav lossis tsim ncaj qha ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev xaiv tom kawg yog nrov heev, vim tias nws suav tias tsis kim dua. Txhawm rau ua monolithic slabs koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum tsim cov qauv tshwj xeeb - cov qauv hauv pem teb.

Duab
Duab

Ntaus ntawv

Hauv pem teb monolithic yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv, uas ua rau cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev thiab ua kom nws ruaj khov. Nws qhov kev teeb tsa pib nrog kev sib dhos ntawm cov ntawv ua haujlwm, uas tso cai rau cov pob zeb ua kom nws zoo thiab tsis khov mus txog thaum nws tawv. Slab formwork tau txiav txim siab ua lub tsev tsim qauv, uas feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo li no.

Txhawb kev . Cov no yog cov kab ntoo uas zoo li lub iav tsom iav. Txhawm rau kom tusyees thiab raug faib cov khoom thauj khoom ntawm lub ntsiab lus no, qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm lawv yuav tsum raug suav kom raug. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa no, cov ntawv ua haujlwm tau sib sau ua ke txhawm rau ua cov pob zeb ua ke nrog qhov siab tsis siab tshaj 4 m. Lawv tau ua los ntawm cov hlau profile thiab tau tsau rau ib leeg nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb (khob lossis nplais). Ua tsaug rau cov kev txhawb nqa no, kev ua haujlwm siab txog 18 m siab tuaj yeem tsim tau.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Lub uprights, uas feem ntau siv rau kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa hauv cov tsev siab, suav nrog peb lub ntsiab lus: rab diav rawg, kev txhawb nqa ntsug thiab lub koob yees duab. Diav rawg yog ib sab saud thiab ua haujlwm, raws li txoj cai, txhawm rau txhim kho qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Nws kuj tseem raug xa mus ua "kev txhawb nqa diav rawg". Cov khoom no tau tsim los ntawm plaub lub raj (ntu ntu), uas tau txuas rau ntawm cov ces kaum, thiab cov hlau hlau nrog tuab tsawg kawg 5 hli. Lub tripod (tiab) yog tsim los kom ruaj khov sawv ntsug thiab tso cai rau nws tuav kom ruaj ntseg ntawm kab rov tav. Ib qho ntxiv, lub koob yees duab siv rau ib feem ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thaum nchuav pob zeb.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Raws li cov qauv, hauv kev tsim cov tsev nyob sib xws rau kev teeb tsa lub koom haum pabcuam, nws raug tso cai siv racks ntawm qhov loj me hauv qab no: 170-310 cm, 200-370 cm. Yog koj npaj yuav tsim lub tsev ntiag tug sab nraud lub nroog, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm qhov loj me ntawm 170-310 cm, lawv tau muab tso nrog cov kauj ruam ntawm 150 cm.

Hauv paus . Nws yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas feem ntau yog siv los ua plywood, hlau profile thiab cov laug cam los ntawm cov laug cam. Txhawm rau ua kom lub zog ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom uas muaj kev tiv thaiv ya raws siab.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Hlau lossis ntoo kab teeb . Cov ntsiab lus no tau muab tso rau ib leeg rau ib leeg. Rau kev tsim cov qauv, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov nqaj nrog kev nruj ntxiv, txij li qhov khaws cia ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov pob zeb thiab lub zog ntawm daim ntawv nws tus kheej nyob ntawm qhov no.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Slab formwork tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntau hom, nws txhua yam nyob ntawm hom kev txhawb nqa, tuab ntawm cov qhob nchuav thiab qhov siab ntawm cov qauv.

Pros thiab cons

Slab formwork yog suav tias yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj ob qho zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej tsim lawv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog txhua tus yam ntxwv. Qhov zoo tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm suav nrog lub sijhawm zoo li no.

  • Muab lub zog siab rau monolithic slabs. Tsis zoo li cov qauv ua haujlwm prefabricated, lawv tsis muaj thaj chaw sib koom thiab nqaws.
  • Lub peev xwm los siv cov phiaj xwm tsis yog txheej txheem, txij li cov qauv tsim ua rau tsim cov plag tsev ntawm ntau yam duab.
  • Kev tshem tawm ntawm kev hloov chaw ntawm cov plag tsev hauv txoj kev hla thiab qhov ntev. Monolithic slabs tau txais kev nruj ntxiv.
  • Kev teeb tsa yooj yim. Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tsim tau ntawm peb tus kheej yam tsis siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, uas txuag cov nqi tsim kho.
  • Rov siv tau. Cov ntaub ntawv nce toj yog siv los pov rau ntau pua lossis ntau dua ntawm cov pob zeb monolithic. Nws yog nyiaj txiag tau txais txiaj ntsig.
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

… Raws li qhov ua tsis tau, muaj ob peb ntawm lawv

  • Piv rau kev siv cov pob zeb npaj tau ua tiav, lub sijhawm yog siab dua, vim tias yuav tsum muaj kev tsim kho ntxiv thiab rhuav tshem cov qauv. Ib qho ntxiv, cov txheej txheem tsim kho tau qeeb me ntsis, txij li koj yuav tsum tau tos kom lub pob zeb nchuav kom tau lub zog.
  • Qhov xav tau rau kev ua raws nruj rau tag nrho cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab nchuav cov qhob tov. Qhov no nyuaj ua, vim tias cov qhob tau nchuav rau hauv qhov ntau.
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Saib

Slab formwork, tsim los rau kev sib tsoo cov pob zeb sib dhos, yog ntawm ntau hom, txhua qhov sib txawv hauv kev sib dhos thev naus laus zis thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo. Feem ntau, cov qauv hauv qab no yog siv hauv kev tsim kho.

Duab
Duab

Nyob ruaj ruaj (tsis tshem tau)

Nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog tias tom qab kev daws teeb meem khov kho, nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Cov ntaub ntawv nyob ruaj ruaj muaj cov ntawv ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov thiab txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv dej, yog li lawv muab lub tsev nrog cua sov ntxiv thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws. Qhov kawg ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev, cov qauv uas tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau hloov pauv mus rau ib qho ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov pob zeb txhawb nqa. Cov txheej txheem no muaj tus lej zoo: lawv ua haujlwm yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa, txo tus nqi zog, thiab muab cov qauv ua kom zoo nkauj, zoo li lawv tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Tshem tau

Tsis zoo li hom yav dhau los, cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tom qab ua tiav ntawm cov pob zeb ua tiav. Lawv xav tau ntau dua li cov nyob ruaj ruaj, vim tias lawv muaj tus yam ntxwv qis thiab txhim kho yooj yim. Ntau tus neeg tsim tsev xauj cov ntawv tshem tawm, vim qhov no tso cai rau koj kom txo tus nqi ntawm kev sib dhos cov qauv thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem ua tiav sai.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Collapsible

Hom kev formwork no tau muab faib ua ob peb chav kawm thiab sib txawv hauv qib nyuaj. Yog li, piv txwv li, thaum tsim lub dav hlau dav dav, cov qauv yooj yim (thav duab) tau pom zoo, tab sis yog tias nws tau npaj los txhim kho cov tsev ntawm cov duab nyuaj, tom qab ntawd cov qauv ntim (loj-vaj huam sib luag) yog qhov tsim nyog. Kev sib dhos ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yog ua los ntawm plywood-resistant plywood, ntawv profiled, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, polystyrene thiab nthuav polystyrene.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Ib qho ntxiv, zawv zawg formwork qee zaum siv rau kev tsim kho cov qauv me me thiab loj. Nws tau teeb tsa ntsug. Hom kev tsim kho raug xaiv hauv kev tsim kho raws li qhov nyuaj ntawm txoj haujlwm.

Kev xav tau

Txij li cov txheej txheem slab yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub zog ntxiv ntawm cov pob zeb monolithic, nws yuav tsum tau txhim tsa raws li cov qauv kev tsim tsim, suav nrog txhua yam thev naus laus zis thiab cov cai. Cov hauv qab no xav tau siv rau qhov kev tsim no.

  • Kev nyab xeeb siab . Txhua lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus qauv yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog txhawb nqa lub tawb, tab sis kuj hnyav ntawm cov kua thiab cov pob zeb tawv.
  • Kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau . Thaum lub zog ntxiv thiab nchuav cov tshuaj khib, cov neeg ua haujlwm txav mus los hauv qab, yog li nws yuav tsum nruj thiab tsis suav nrog kev co. Txwv tsis pub, monolithic slabs tuaj yeem tau txais qhov tsis xws luag, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj xwm txheej ceev rau yav tom ntej. Cov rooj tsim kho kuj tseem pab tshem tawm qhov kev puas tsuaj rau kev tsim qauv, uas koj tseem tuaj yeem txav mus los thaum ua haujlwm.
  • Kev pab lub neej ntev Qhov no feem ntau txhawj xeeb txog kev sib tsoo thiab tshem tawm tau ntawm cov ntawv, uas tau siv ntau zaus hauv kev tsim kho. Txhawm rau tsim ib lub tsev monolithic, nws raug nquahu kom nruab cov ntawv ua los ntawm cov khoom ruaj uas yuav tiv taus kev ua haujlwm tom qab tom qab kev rhuav tshem.
  • Kuj ua rau kev nyuaj siab . Txij li cov pob zeb tau nchuav rau sab nrauv thiab nrog kev nyuaj siab, nws qhov hnyav tsim kom muaj zog ntxiv rau ntawm daim ntawv. Txhawm rau cov qauv kom ntseeg tau zoo rau lawv, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom raug xaiv nws cov khoom siv ntawm kev tsim khoom ua ntej thiab npaj phiaj xwm rau lub hauv paus slab, uas ua tiav cov qauv kev kos duab thiab daim duab slinging.
  • Muaj kev teeb tsa nrawm . Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau qhov kev txhawb nqa ntu thiab npaj ua ntu ntu ntawm kev ua lag luam uas tso cai rau kev sib dhos sai ntawm cov qauv.
  • Disassembly tau . Tom qab cov tshuaj khib tau khov, daim ntawv ua haujlwm, suav nrog ntau yam, tuaj yeem raug muab tshem tawm rau kev siv ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum nrawm thiab yooj yim.
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

DIY installation

Kev teeb tsa slab formwork tau suav tias yog lub luag haujlwm thiab txheej txheem nyuaj, yog li yog tias koj npaj yuav ua nws tus kheej, koj yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev paub dhau los thiab ua raws txhua yam kev siv tshuab. Ntau tus neeg tsim khoom xav yuav cov khoom ua tiav ua cov pob zeb ua ke; tsuas yog lub tsho thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm xav tau rau lawv kev teeb tsa. Ib yam nkaus yog tias cov cuab yeej siv tsim kho tsis tas yuav siv thiab nyob rau qhov chaw uas tsis yooj yim nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, monolithic blocks yog ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm txhais tes. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua haujlwm, tom qab uas cov pob zeb tau nchuav. Xav paub ntau ntxiv, cov txheej txheem tsim kho yog raws li hauv qab no.

  • Hauv thawj theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm, yuav tsum suav qhov tseeb . Rau qhov no, kev tsim qauv tau ua tiav thiab kwv yees tau kos. Hauv txoj haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus lej lub zog ntawm daim ntawv kom nws tsis tawg hauv qhov hnyav ntawm cov qhob cib. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov pob zeb tau ua, suav nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej, qib ntawm kev ua vaj tsev thiab hom kev txhawb nqa. Yog li, piv txwv li, rau kev tsim kho cov tsev nyob ib puag ncig, qhov dav ntawm qhov dav uas yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 7 m, koj yuav tsum tau ua cov khoom hauv pem teb nrog tuab tsawg kawg 20 cm.
  • Hauv theem ob, kev yuav khoom ntawm txhua yam ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau ua tiav . Cov no yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua haujlwm, txhawb nqa thiab ua kom nrawm.
  • Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog sib dhos cov ntawv ua haujlwm nws tus kheej . Nws qhov kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tau pib tom qab phab ntsa tau teeb tsa, thaum lawv qhov siab tau teeb tsa lawm. Rau txoj kab rov tav, koj tuaj yeem siv ob hom kev ua haujlwm: npaj tau (yuav lossis xaum, nws tsuas yog xav tau los ua ke) thiab tshem tsis tau. Hauv thawj kis, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov qauv uas ua los ntawm cov yas lossis hlau ruaj, nws tuaj yeem rov siv tau tom qab ua haujlwm tiav. Kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem no feem ntau suav nrog kev txhawb nqa kom ua rau hauv pem teb ntawm qee qib. Lawv tau sib dhos yooj yim heev thiab nrawm.
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Hauv qhov xwm txheej thib ob, koj yuav tsum tau sau cov ntawv ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm plywood thiab cov laug cam. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov plywood nrog cov dej noo tiv taus ntau ntxiv, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv cov laug cam uas muaj qhov loj ib yam, qhov no yuav cawm koj los ntawm kev kho lawv qhov siab yav tom ntej. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lub hauv paus tau npaj rau monolithic slabs . Yog tias qhov khoob tshwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus thaum sib dhos ntawm daim ntawv, tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej tau ntxiv. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua tus qauv los ntawm cov laug cam. Nws yooj yim dua los ua haujlwm nrog nws thiab cov khoom siv no tshem tawm qhov tsim ntawm qhov khoob.

Duab
Duab

Kev mloog zoo yuav tsum tau them rau kev xaiv plywood. Nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov ntawv laminated lossis glued nrog cov dej noo tiv taus thiab tuab ntawm 18 txog 21 hli. Cov khoom siv no yog tsim los ntawm ob peb txheej ntawm cov ntoo veneer, txhua tus tau muab tso rau ntawm cov fiber. Yog li ntawd, hom plywood no ruaj khov. Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntawv plywood yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv xws li txoj kev uas lawv cov pob qij txha poob rau ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig, ntxiv rau, tom qab sib dhos ntawm cov qauv, tsis pom ib leeg yuav tsum pom.

Duab
Duab

Cov txheej txheem teeb tsa yuav tsum pib nrog kev teeb tsa kev txhawb nqa uas yuav txhawb nqa yav tom ntej monolithic block . Ob qho swb cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm cov cav tau zoo raws li racks (lawv yuav tsum muaj tuab thiab qhov siab tib yam). Cov kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv txoj kev uas qhov nrug ntawm 1 m tseem nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv, thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa ze tshaj plaws thiab phab ntsa yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20 cm. qauv. Lawv tau nruab nrog cov qauv kab rov tav.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov ntawv plywood tau muab tso rau ntawm tus tuav txoj hauv kev uas lawv cov npoo haum haum tiv thaiv lub hauv paus ntawm phab ntsa, tsis muaj qhov khoob. Cov racks yuav tsum tau muab tso kom qhov kawg ntawm tag nrho cov qauv raws nraim nrog cov npoo sab saud ntawm phab ntsa. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau kev nkag ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av - lawv yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 150 hli . Tom ntej no, lawv ua tus tswj rau kab rov tav ntawm cov qauv thiab pib nchuav cov tshuaj. Txoj kev daws teeb meem tau nchuav rau hauv cov ntawv tsim khoom, nws tau muab faib sib npaug, sib zog kom ntau li ntau tau, tos kom khov (li 28 hnub) thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov qauv pabcuam.

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Ntau tus kws tshaj lij kuj tseem siv cov qauv uas tsis tuaj yeem tshem tau los ntawm cov hlau hlau los tsim cov txheej txheem monolithic hauv kev tsim cov tsev tshiab ntawm thaj chaw loj. Kev teeb tsa cov qauv no nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Txhawm rau sau nws, koj yuav tsum yuav cov khoom hauv qab no ua ntej.

  • Cov hlau ntev ntev . Thaum lub pob zeb ua tiav, nws ua kom ntseeg tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj khib thiab tsim cov thav duab ruaj khov. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv "M" qib hlau cov ntawv txheeb, txij li lawv muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab tiv taus kev ntxhov siab. Lawv yuav tsum tau sib nrug ntawm qhov sib npaug. Lawv kuj ua rau nws ua tau kom ntseeg tau ruaj khov rau daim ntawv ua haujlwm, yog li cov khoom tiv thaiv dej hauv qhov no tsis haum.
  • Txhawb cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm longitudinal beams, cross bars thiab braces.
Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Cov racks raug txuas ua ntej, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntsug. Tom qab ntawd tus ntoo khaub lig tau tso thiab tsau, kab teeb tau teeb tsa thiab daim ntawv hlau-profile tau muab tso rau ntawm lub thav duab. Nws yuav tsum tau ruaj khov kho rau tus ncej txhawb. Ib qho ntxiv, thaum sib sau ua ke ntawm cov ntawv ua haujlwm, ib tus yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau tus lej ntawm cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa.

Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua tsis tau, nws raug pom zoo kom xaiv qhov ntev ntawm cov ntawv thiab muab lawv nrog tsawg kawg peb lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhawb nqa. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los muab cov khoom tso rau hauv kev sib tshooj ntawm ib lossis ob nthwv dej thiab khawm txhua daim kab xev nrog cov rivets tshwj xeeb lossis tus kheej tapping screws. Raws li rau hauv pem teb txhawb ntxiv, nws tau ua tiav raws li txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, tiv thaiv cov hlau ntawm cov hlau profile nrog cov yas txhawb nqa. Qhov ntev ntawm qhov qhib hauv qab nthab yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 12 m. Xws li cov qauv siv feem ntau yog siv thaum txhawb nqa cov qauv thiab cov blocks monolithic tab tom raug tsa.

Pom zoo: