Clinker Paving Pob Zeb (49 Duab): Qhov Ntev Ntawm Paving Slabs Ua Los Ntawm Clinker, Lavxias Thiab Lwm Yam Khoom Lag Luam. Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Kev Siv Tshuab Ua Vaj Tse Thiab Lwm Lub

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Nrog kev siv clinker, kev npaj cov phiaj hauv tsev tau dhau los ua kev zoo nkauj thiab niaj hnub. Los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kab lus no, koj yuav kawm paub tias clinker paving pob zeb yog dab tsi, tshwm sim thiab qhov twg lawv siv. Ib qho ntxiv, peb yuav txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov kev xaiv thiab tso rau ntau hom hauv paus.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Clinker paving pob zeb sib koom ua kom zoo nkauj thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Nws yog cov khoom siv paving tsim los ntawm chamotte (av nplaum refractory), cov zaub mov thiab feldspars. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov khoom siv nyob ntawm hom av nplaum siv, lub sijhawm thiab qhov kub ntawm kev tua, thiab hom tshuaj ntxiv nrog . Cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom tsis txawv ntau los ntawm kev tsim cov cib ceramic ua ke. Av nplaum yog crushed, diluted nrog dej kom txog thaum tau txais viscosity.

Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, kev daws teeb meem tau dhau los ntawm lub tshuab extruder, tom qab ntawd ua pwm ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tom qab ntawd, vibropressed paving pob zeb mus kom qhuav thiab tua.

Qhov ntsuas kub yog 1200 degrees C. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov huab cua me me ua npuas los ntawm cov clinker. Ua rau qis porosity, uas txo qhov coefficient ntawm kev nqus dej. Cov khoom siv raw ua tiav rau cladding tau txais cov yam ntxwv zoo:

• lub zog sib zog yog M-350, M-400, M-800;
• Frost tsis kam (F -mus) - los ntawm 300 mus kom khov thiab yaj;
• cov dej nqus coefficient yog 2-5%;
• acid tsis kam - tsis pub tsawg dua 95-98%;
• puas (A3) - 0.2-0.6 g / cm3;
• chav kawm ntom ntom nruab nrab - 1, 8-3;
• chav kawm tsis kam swb - U3 rau qhov chaw qhuav thiab ntub;
• tuab ntawm 4 txog 6 cm;
• kwv yees lub neej kev pabcuam yog 100-150 xyoo.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Clinker paving pob zeb yog qhov ua tau "tsim kho tsis tau" cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Nws muaj ntau qhov zoo tshaj li lwm cov khoom sib dhos rau npog txoj kev . Nws yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov, tiv taus kev puas tsuaj, hnyav hnyav, tawg thiab ua kom puas tsuaj. Clinker paving pob zeb yog tshuaj lom inert. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kev ua ntawm cov kua qaub thiab alkalis, cov kua xeb siv thaum ua haujlwm tsheb. Cov khoom siv tsis hloov pauv nws qhov kev ua tau zoo vim yog ib puag ncig. Tsis ploj hauv qab lub hnub.

Nws tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv, sib npaug ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo yam tsis siv cov xim . Cov khoom tsis rhiab rau xab npum. Ib puag ncig zoo - tsis tso cov tshuaj lom thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Inert rau pwm thiab lwj. Clinker paving pob zeb yog suav tias yog cov cuab yeej tsim qauv. Nws tsim kev sib tw rau txhua lwm hom kev ntsib cov khoom rau kev teeb tsa txoj hauv kev. Nrog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, nws zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, ua ke nrog txhua yam kev ua vaj tsev. Nws qhov kev nkag siab pom yog nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem styling, uas tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam sib txawv. Hauv qhov no, txheej txheej muaj qhov tiv thaiv plam saum npoo, thiab yog li ntawd nws tso, ntxiv rau qhov ib txwm muaj, kuj tseem tuaj yeem xav tau.

Clinker paving slabs tsis nqus roj lossis roj av. Ib qho kev kis kab mob los ntawm nws cov av tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau yooj yim nrog dej . Ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev, nws tau nthuav tawm hauv ntau yam. Nws tus nqi sib txawv ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom mus rau cov chaw tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav luag txhua qhov no yog cov khoom siv kim, uas yog nws qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Qee tus neeg tsis nyiam xim ntau ntawm clinker, txawm hais tias cov xim txheej txheem tso cai rau koj kom kov yeej txoj kev ntawm txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws. Ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom siv hauv tsev liab, daj, xim av, xiav.

Dhau li, clinker tuaj yeem yog beige, txiv kab ntxwv, txiv duaj, straw, haus luam yeeb . Nws lub hauv paus monolithic tiv thaiv txheej sib sib zog nqus los ntawm cov xim ntxuav. Yog li ntawd, nws khaws cov tshiab ntawm nws thawj qhov tsos rau lub sijhawm ntev. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los kho. Cov khoom puas tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau nrog qhov tshiab. Yog tias tsis muaj ib qho tshiab, koj tuaj yeem tig lub clinker hla mus rau lwm qhov. Ib qho ntxiv ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv yog muaj peev xwm nteg rau ntawm ntug thiab kawg.

Masters ceeb toom: nws tsis nyuaj rau cov kws tshaj lij los ua haujlwm nrog clinker paving pob zeb. Hauv qhov no, lub cladding muab rau cov neeg kho tshuab ua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pib tshiab tsis tas yuav ua cov ntaub ntawv raug. Thiab qhov no nce kev siv cov khoom siv raw thiab tsoo pob nyiaj siv.

Cov ntawv thov

Raws li qhov kev siv, cov khoom tau muab faib ua ntau hom:

• taug kev;
• txoj kev;
• aquatransit;
• nyom.

Nyob ntawm ntau yam, cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tus qauv thiab cov qauv . Txhua cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov muaj cov lus qhia sib txawv. Clinker paving pob zeb yog siv rau paving nroog squares, txoj kev taug kev, qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab txoj kev tsheb mus rau tsev. Nws tau yuav rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm txoj kev, chaw ua si (ntawm txoj kev). Nws tau siv los ua kom cov tiaj ua si taug kev, txoj kev hauv vaj ntawm tus kheej thaj av.

Nws tau yuav rau paving thaj tsam ze lub chaw tso tsheb, khw, khw noj mov, cafes . Cov khoom siv yog siv los tsim txoj kev nqes hav, cov pob zeb thiab cov ntaiv ntaiv, qhov chaw dig muag ntawm txoj kev. Nws yog qhov nrov heev uas nws tau yuav los kho cov phab ntsa ntawm cov khw noj mov thiab npias tuav. Nws pom nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cellars caw. Clinker tau siv hauv kev tsim thiab tsim toj roob hauv pes.

Nrog nws txoj kev pab, txoj kev taug kev, txoj kev taug kev thiab lub sam thiaj raug dai kom zoo nkauj . Tsis muaj pas dej ntawm txoj kev zoo li no. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov npog tuaj yeem raug muab tshem tawm thiab rov tso (piv txwv li, thaum cov kav dej yuav tsum tau tso). Tsis tas li, paving pob zeb tau siv los ua kev sib txuas ntawm cov qauv thiab cov phiaj xwm tus kheej.

Daim ntawv txheej txheem

Raws li hom geometry, clinker paving pob zeb tuaj yeem yog:

• xwmfab;
• duab plaub;
• ib nrab (nrog rau qhov thais hauv nruab nrab);
• tus ntoo khaub lig;
• mosaic.

Ib qho ntxiv, cov paving pob zeb zoo li muaj nyob hauv cov kab khoom ntawm cov tuam ntxhab. Nws suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm oval, zoo li lub pob zeb diamond, ntau yam duab. Cov ntaub ntawv siv dav yog "honeycomb", "thread spools", "fleece", "cobweb", "clover ". Crossbars tuaj yeem yog plaub fab lossis duab plaub. Lawv tau siv los npaj txoj hauv kev. Cov duab ntawm mosaic ntau yam sib txawv.

Cov khoom siv no yog siv los tsim cov khoom qub thaum paving txoj kev . Siv cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov xim zoo nkauj thiab ci hauv cov chaw pej xeem (piv txwv li chaw ua si). Cov khoom lag luam suav nrog cov pob zeb uas muaj peev xwm ua tau. Nws tau muab tso tawm ntawm cov pob zeb clinker zoo ib yam kom cov neeg tsis pom kev tuaj yeem taug kev hauv av. Nws yog qhov sib txawv los ntawm qhov muaj qhov nyem ntawm ntau yam duab nyob rau sab xub ntiag.

Qhov ntev (kho kom raug)

Nyob ntawm qhov kev thov, qhov ntsuas ntawm clinker paving pob zeb tuaj yeem sib txawv (nqaim, dav, tus qauv, zoo li tus). Piv txwv, cov txheej txheem rau kev npaj taug kev yog tuab 4 cm. Cov qauv nrog tuab 5 cm tau tsim los rau qhov hnyav hnyav txog li 5 tons . Kev hloov pauv rau cov nyom muaj tuab li 4 cm thiab qhov rau cog cov nyom. Cov paving pob zeb kuj muaj qhov rau dej ntws.

Qhov ntev yuav txawv nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv . Piv txwv li, tus qauv ntsuas ntawm Feldhaus Klinker paving pob zeb yog 200x100 mm nrog tuab 40, 50, 52 mm (tsawg dua 62 thiab 71 mm). Nws kwv yees noj yog 48 pcs. / m2 ib. Ib qho ntxiv, clinker loj tuaj yeem yog 240x188 mm nrog lub ntiaj teb tuab ntawm 52 hli. Clinker mosaic tsis sib txawv. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog 240x118x52 slab, faib ua 8 qhov zoo ib yam, txhua qhov ntsuas 60x60x52 mm. Paving pob zeb ntawm Stroeher lub cim lag luam muaj qhov ntev ntawm 240x115 thiab 240x52 hli.

Cov qauv tsis muaj lawv tus kheej cim (hli):

• WF - 210 x 50;
• WDF - 215x65;
• DF - 240x52;
• LDF - 290x52;
• XLDF - 365x52;
• RF - 240x65;
• NF - 240x71;
• LNF - 295x71.

Lub thickness nyob ntawm qhov xav tau thauj khoom. Lub thickness ntawm cov duab puab nrog perforation yog 6.5 cm. Muaj li ntawm 2-3 tus qauv me me hauv kev sau ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv. Qee lub npe muaj tsuas yog ib qhov loj me.

Raws li rau qhov xav tau ntau tshaj tus qauv loj, qhov no yog tus qauv uas tsis muaj 200x100 mm . Kwv yees li 95% ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom no tau muab rau hauv khw.

Qhov ntau thiab tsawg hauv ntiaj teb ua rau nws yooj yim xaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lwm tus neeg muag khoom. Tso cai rau koj kom yooj yim paving pob zeb hauv thaj chaw sib txawv, ua kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw nyob ze (piv txwv li, thaj chaw neeg taug kev, nkag thiab chaw nres tsheb).

Nrov manufacturers

Ntau lub tuam txhab hauv peb lub tebchaws thiab txawv teb chaws tau koom nrog tsim cov clinker paving pob zeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom lag luam kim tshaj plaws ntawm kev lag luam khoom lag luam yog clinker tsim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Holland. German paving pob zeb tau suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis kuj tseem kim tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim tus nqi thauj khoom.

Cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov tuam txhab Polish tau suav tias yog pob nyiaj siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws cov yam ntxwv kev ua haujlwm tsis qis dua rau analogues, piv txwv li, kev tsim khoom hauv Lavxias. Cia peb nco txog ntau tus neeg xa khoom ntawm cov pob zeb zoo, uas yog qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom hauv tsev.

• Stroeher tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo tiv tshav kub-resistant clinker uas ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb. Hom pob zeb paving tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, lawv tau lees paub rau 25 xyoo.
• UralKamenSnab (Russia) muab nws cov neeg siv khoom zoo paving pob zeb ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog.
• " LSR" (Nikolsky cog) , paub txog paving clinker paving pob zeb nrog F300 qhov ua kom tsis haum rau qhov ntsuas, npaj rau siv hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej.
• FELDHAUS KLINKER Yog tus thawj coj German tsim khoom lag luam tsim khoom nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo nrog cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo.
• CRH Klinkier Cov Yog lub cim lag luam Polish uas muag paving pob zeb ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog. Muab rau kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom sau los ntawm cov khoom qub rau cov qauv qub.
• MUHR lwm lub tuam txhab German tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws. Txawv sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv.

Cov lus zais ntawm kev xaiv

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paving pob zeb yog cov ua los ntawm av nplaum nrog cov ntsiab lus yam tsawg kawg ntawm ntau yam suav nrog (chalk, shale, gypsum). Yog li ntawd, yuav cov khoom lag luam German yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws. Cov clinker no yog tsim los ntawm homogeneous, refractory, av nplaum yas.

Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm . Txog kev npaj txoj kev nkag mus, cov qauv uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 5 cm lossis ntau dua raug xaiv. Rau cov neeg taug kev, xaiv nrog cov tuab 4 cm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb paving yuav tsum zoo ib yam nrog cov khoom ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Yog tias koj xav tau qhov kev xaiv dav, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov khoom siv grey. Nws yuav haum txig rau txhua qhov toj roob hauv pes, tsis hais txog ntawm nws cov style.

Thaum xaiv tus neeg muag khoom, koj yuav tsum tau muab qhov nyiam rau cov khoom ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam uas paub zoo koom nrog kev muag cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov tuam txhab nto moo ua raws cov txheej txheem European nruj . Nws tau ntawv pov thawj, nthuav tawm hauv ntau yam. Txawv sib txawv hauv cov hniav zoo nkauj. Tsis txhob noj pheej yig clinker.

Tus nqi qis yog tus xa xov ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsis zoo . Cov cladding no tau ua txhaum kev siv tshuab. Nws tsis ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Thaum xaiv, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hom phiaj ntawm kev paving, cov yam ntxwv ntawm thaj chaw, tsim qauv ntawm lub tsev, nyob ze uas qhov kev teeb tsa tau npaj tseg.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom pom meej txog thaj chaw, nqa cov khoom nrog cov npoo me. Txhawm rau txhim kho tus yam ntxwv thiab kev ua siab ntev ntawm clinker, nws tau yuav ua ke nrog ntuj tsim tsev sib xyaw.

Tso txoj hauv kev sib txawv ntawm cov substrates

Cov txheej txheem tsim saum npoo tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam sib txawv. Nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub ntawv tau muab tso rau sab twg thiab cov qauv twg, ntau qhov kev xaiv yog qhov txawv. Styling tuaj yeem yog:

• thaiv ob-ntu;
• thaiv peb-ntu;
• kab pheeb ces kaum (nrog thiab tsis muaj cov thaiv),
• Herringbone, nyob ib puag ncig;
• cib nrog ua haujlwm;
• linear (nrog thiab tsis hnav khaub ncaws);
• ib nrab thiab peb lub hlis twg nrog hnav khaub ncaws.

Cov txheej txheem rau kev tso clinker paving pob zeb nyob ntawm lub hauv paus uas cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau teeb tsa. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho txheej txheem paving xav tau kev npaj tsim nyog.

Thaum xub thawj, lawv kos cim thaj tsam rau kev teeb tsa . Tom qab thaj chaw tau raug xaiv thiab xaiv, av raug tshem tawm ntawm thaj chaw cim (qhov tob ntawm 20-25 cm). Tsiv nws mus rau lwm qhov. Cov hauv paus tau raug tshem tawm, lub ntiaj teb tau raug kho thiab tamped. Xav txog yuav ua li cas hauv ncoo ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv.

Nyob hauv av

Kev tso rau ntawm cov xuab zeb yog siv txoj kev taug kev. Tom qab npaj lub hauv paus, cov xuab zeb tau nchuav rau hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw (txheej 5-10 cm). Qib nws nrog txoj kab nqes me ntsis. Cov xuab zeb yog moistened, tom qab ntawd rammed nrog cov phaj vibrating.

Sib tov cov xuab zeb nrog cov cement (6: 1), ua cov txheej txheej, qib nws . Tom qab ntawd, txoj kab thaiv tau teeb tsa (lawv txuas nrog rau cov cement-sand mortar). Yog tias tsim nyog, khawb qhov av ua ntej rau ntawm ntug kev thiab sau lawv nrog kev daws teeb meem ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheej txheej (10 cm) tau muab faib nruab nrab ntawm ob sab pob zeb, nws tau rammed.

Ntawm qhob

Kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb yog xav tau thaum npaj txheej rau lub tsheb nkag. Cov pob zeb tawg (10-15 cm) tau nchuav rau hauv lub txaj uas tau npaj tseg, sib xyaw nrog txoj kab nqes hav, tamped . Ntawm tus ciam teb, cov ntoo ua los ntawm cov laug cam thiab cov ceg txheem ntseeg tau teeb tsa.

Lub laj kab laj kab yog nchuav nrog txheej txheej ntawm pob zeb (3 cm) . Kev txhawb nqa lub network tau tso. Lwm txheej ntawm cov pob zeb (5-12 cm) tau nchuav rau saum, txoj kab nqes tau tshuaj xyuas. Yog hais tias thaj chaw nchuav loj, cov pob qij txha nthuav dav tau ua txhua 3 m. Sau lawv nrog cov khoom siv ywj. Dismantling lub formwork. Ciam teb tau teeb tsa ntawm ciam teb (muab tso rau ntawm pob zeb). Screed yog them nrog xuab zeb zoo. Lub tshuab tso cai rau clinker tso rau ntawm cov kua nplaum.

Rau crushed pob zeb

Ib txheej ntawm cov pob zeb tawg (10-20 cm) tau nchuav rau hauv lub hauv paus npaj, rammed nrog cov phaj vibrating. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua qhov no nrog qhov nqes hav me ntsis. Cov xuab zeb yog sib xyaw nrog cov cement thiab ib txoj kev thaiv tau muab tso rau ntawm nws. Cov cheeb tsam nruab nrab ntawm txoj kab thaiv tau npog nrog cov cement qhuav-xuab zeb sib xyaw (txheej tuab 5-10 cm ). Lub tsev kawm ntawv tau nce qib, tsom mus rau qhov nqes hav.

Kev teeb tsa tshuab

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los teeb tsa pob zeb paving ntawm txhua hom hauv paus kom raug. Ib qho kev ua txhaum twg yuav ua rau lub neej txheej txheej luv thiab ua kom lub sijhawm kho sai dua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muab cov dej ntws los ntawm cov pob zeb paving. Cov txheej txheem paving niaj hnub tuaj yeem siv rau kev teeb tsa.

Lawv suav nrog tramline cov kua qaub, tramline slurry txhawm rau txhim kho clinker kho . Ib qho ntxiv, cov kab ke suav nrog cov grout-grout rau sau cov pob qij txha. Nws tuaj yeem yog dej tsis qab lossis dej tsis qab. Cov kab ke no tau siv thaum tso pob zeb paving rau ntawm txheej txheej pob zeb los yog pob zeb tawg.

Tso rau ntawm ib qho npaj substrate

Tom qab npaj cov tog hauv ncoo, lawv tau koom nrog ncaj qha rau hauv kev tso pob zeb paving. Ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab tsoo pob zeb puag, pob zeb paving tau teeb tsa tam sim tom qab tsim cov txheej txheej. Koj yuav tsum tso nws kom raug los ntawm kaum tsev lossis pib ntawm txoj kev taug. Yog tias nws tau tso rau hauv txoj hauv kev radial, pib los ntawm qhov chaw . Txhawm rau tuav cov ntsiab lus, txheej txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb (3-4 cm) tau nchuav rau cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa. Nws tsis yog rammed, tab sis qib ntawm qhov nqes hav me ntsis. Cov ntsiab lus tau teeb tsa hauv cov xuab zeb thiab qib nrog lub thoob. Txhua tus qauv tau tob zuj zus los ntawm 1-2 cm, txiav raws txoj kab nplais. Kev tso yog nqa tawm raws li cov phiaj xwm xaiv. Kab rov tav ntawm txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau tau raug tshuaj xyuas tas li txhawm rau txhawm rau nqes hav.

Thaum paving pob zeb tau teeb tsa ntawm pob zeb, siv cov xuab zeb los yog kua nplaum . Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau tos kom txog thaum cov qhob cij tau npaj txhij, uas siv sijhawm tsawg kawg 2 lub lis piam. Tom qab ntawd, clinker tau tso raws li txoj kev tau piav qhia yav dhau los. Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, tus kheej ntawm qhov dav thiab ntev ntawm pob tw pob qij txha raug saib xyuas. Yog tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau muab tso rau hauv cov kua nplaum, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li pobzeb cladding. Thaum lub sij hawm cladding, paving slab muaj pes tsawg leeg yog siv. Nws yog bred raws li cov lus qhia. Tom ntej no, lawv tau faib los ntawm txhais tes ntawm lub trowel notched mus rau lub hauv paus thiab tus qauv nws tus kheej.

Cov ntsiab lus tau nyem me ntsis rau hauv lub hauv paus, tso nrog tib lub nqaws, saib txoj kab nqes hauv qib. Nyob rau theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiav, cov pob qij txha tau sau . Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv qhov sib xyaw tshwj xeeb (grout) lossis sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab xis mas. Siv cov tshuaj qhuav los yog cov tshuaj uas npaj tau ua. Hauv qhov xwm txheej thib ob, cov nqaws tau ua tiav kom tiav rau qib saum toj. Tshem cov khoom siv nrog daim ntaub qhuav.

Thaum sau cov pob qij txha ua thawj txoj hauv kev, xyuas kom nws nruj . Qhov sib tov qhuav tau tsav mus rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb nrog txhuam lossis cov khaub ncaws. Tom qab ntawd, txoj hauv kev tiav yog nchuav nrog dej, tawm rau 3-4 hnub kom cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab qhuav tag. Yog tias tom qab ywg dej cov tshuaj sib xyaw tau poob qis, cov txheej txheem tau rov ua dua.

Txhawm rau ua kom muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws tau sib tov hauv txoj hauv kev kom zoo tshaj plaws.