Maas M400: Cov Yam Ntxwv Tshwj Xeeb Thiab Ntom Ntawm Ntau Lub PC Hauv Hnab, Hnyav 1 M3 Ntawm Qib D20

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Ntau zaus, thaum tsim kho thiab ua haujlwm tiav, siv M400 cement. Nws yog cov khoom siv tau ntau yam: nws muaj lub zog zoo, nws yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog, thiab cov khoom tiav muaj qhov zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus paub dab tsi nyob hauv qhov cim ntawm cov cement no.

Peculiarities

Qhov sib xyaw ua ke no yog qeb ntawm Portland MAAs, yog li nws feem ntau muaj cov tsiaj ntawv PC hauv nws lub npe. Nws yog lub npe hu ua hauv kev hwm ntawm lub nroog Portland hauv tebchaws Askiv, vim tias nws zoo li lub pob zeb uas tsuas muaj nyob ntawd.

Tus lej 400 yog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv cement. Cov cim M400 txhais tau tias cov khoom lag luam ua los ntawm nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm 400 kg rau 1 cm3.

Tsab ntawv D nrog tus lej hauv qab no qhia txog qhov muaj thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv uas txhim kho ntau yam ntxwv ntawm cov cement. Daim duab qhia pom feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv hauv qhov ntau ntawm clinker.

Raws li GOST 31108-2016 tshiab "Cement rau kev tsim kho", cov khoom lag luam ntawm hom no muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws : nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev muaj tshuaj ntxiv thiab lawv hom, nrog rau chav kawm muaj zog. Piv txwv li, qib qib cement CEM II / A-P 32.5 qhia tias muaj clinker nyob rau hauv 80-94%, nrog rau cov ntxhia ntxiv hauv daim ntawv pozzolan. Tus lej ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub cim txhais tau tias lub zog nrawm ntawm tsawg kawg 32.5 MPa thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm cov cement 28 hnub.

Hom thiab yam ntxwv

Txawm tias qhov tseeb tias GOST rau kev tsim kho cov cement, muab hloov los ntawm GOST 31108-2003, qhia txog lub npe tshiab rau cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke, ntau tus tseem raug coj los ntawm cov lej qub thiab ntawv. Yog li ntawd, cov tuam txhab, hauv kev rau siab pab txhawb rau cov neeg siv khoom xaiv, qhia cov npe hauv qab no ntawm lub ntim:

• M400 D0 hli - tsis muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv thiab tsuas yog clinker. Qhov loj no yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev ua kom khov siab, nruab nrab nrawm ntawm kev ua kom khov thiab deformation thaum lub sij hawm ntsws. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog kev sib xyaw rau kev tsim kho dav dav.
• M400 D5 NPE - muaj txog li 5% cov tshuaj ntxiv uas txhim kho cov dej ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom thiab nce kev tiv thaiv kom xeb. Pom zoo rau kev tsim kho cov khoom nqa thiab cov plag tsev.
• M400 D20 NPE - nws muaj txog 20% ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv, tso cai rau nws siv ob qho tib si rau thaj chaw nyob thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Xws li cov cement tau siv ob qho tib si hauv Russia thiab Europe. Nws muaj cov dej khov tiv taus zoo heev thiab zoo heev rau cov qauv hauv qab vim nws tiv taus dej.

Oddly txaus, tab sis kev nce ntxiv hauv cov cement ua rau txo tus nqi. Qhov kim tshaj plaws yog hom M400 D0, thiab kev xaiv nyiaj txiag ntau dua yog M400 D20.

Kuj tseem muaj hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cement uas muab cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov khoom. Piv txwv li, muaj pes tsawg leeg tiv taus sulfate uas tso cai rau siv cov khoom lag luam xis nyob hauv ib puag ncig txhoj puab heev thiab dej ntxhia. Cov khoom lag luam nrog cov cement no muaj qhov ua haujlwm siab heev rau cov dej tawm. Cov sib xyaw ua ke no tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm CC cim hauv lub npe khoom lag luam.

Lwm qhov piv txwv yog nthuav cov cement, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho kab nrib pleb hauv cov phab ntsa thiab rau cov kav dej hauv cov av thiab qhov av. Nws ua rau tawg thiab pob qij txha thiab muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv uas, thaum qhuav, nce qhov ntim ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Yog li, qhov nruj ntawm cov khoom tau rov qab los.

Qee zaum alumina cement xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv ua kom tawv tawv - tsim lub zog ua tiav qhov nruab nrab hauv 7 hnub.

Nws lwm qhov tshwj xeeb yog nws qhov deformability qis thiab tiv taus hluav taws. Feem ntau, hom kev sib xyaw no yog siv rau kev teeb tsa sai ntawm cov hauv paus, nrog rau kev kho cov txheej txheem hauv qab. Rau kev ua kom qhuav sai, siv daim ntawv ntxiv "B" hauv qhov cim.

Tau kawg, qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv ib txwm ua rau nce tus nqi ntawm cov cement. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov khoom siv ntxiv no tau siv me me thiab lawv kev siv yog kev lag luam raug cai.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cement tau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xwm txheej thiab txee lub neej tom qab tsim khoom. Piv txwv li, qhov ntom ntom ntom ntau ntawm cov cement tshiab nyob ntawm qib sib tsoo, tab sis qhov nruab nrab yog 1000-1200 kg / m3. Yog tias cov cement tau khaws cia rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis ua tau raws li cov chaw tsim khoom pom zoo, tom qab ntawd nws ci rau qhov ntom ntom ntawm 1700 kg / m3, thiab ntawm cov av noo siab nws tuaj yeem hnyav txog 3000 kg ib cubic meter. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tawv tawv ua ntej lossis poob lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb. Hloov chaw ntawm qhov hnyav rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg sib cuam tshuam, yuav tau txais cov ntxhia pob zeb hauv av.

Maas raug muag hnyav txog li 50 kg hauv cov hnab ntawv muaj zog. Lub pob qhia meej meej txog hom khoom sib xyaw, cov lus pom zoo rau kev siv, nrog rau cov lej thiab cov hnub tsim tawm. Nws yog qhov tshiab ntawm cov cement uas lav tau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam yav tom ntej. Yog li, koj yuav tsum xaiv ntim nrog hnub tso tawm kom lig li sai tau.

Saib ntawm hnub tsim khoom, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txhua 3 lub hlis cov cement poob txog 15% ntawm nws cov khoom qub. Yog tias, txawm li cas los xij, cov cement qub tseem siv thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab rau nws qhov kev nce ntxiv kom tau txais cov qhob ntawm qhov muab zog.

Tej txuj ci ntau kuj raug muag. Nws yooj yim dua los yuav nws rau qhov loj ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Nws tus nqi yog 15-20% qis dua pob. Qhov no yog vim tsis muaj ntim thiab ntim ntau ntawm kev yuav khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyuaj dua rau taug qab hnub ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab, yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom pib.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

Cov chaw tsim cov cement yog nyob hauv yuav luag txhua cheeb tsam ntawm Russia. Qhov sib thooj rau cov chaw tsim khoom yuav txo nqi kev thauj cov cement ntau ntau. Ib qho ntxiv, ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv cheeb tsam, ntau yam tshuaj tau ntxiv rau cov cement uas txhim kho lub cev thiab cov cuab yeej siv zog ntawm cov qauv, suav nrog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm huab cua thiab dej hauv cheeb tsam.

Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm kev lag luam nyob hauv thaj tsam sib txawv:

• Koom haum "Yakutcement" - Koom pheej ntawm Sakha.
• Podolsk Maas Tsob Ntoo - Podolsk, cheeb tsam Moscow.
• Teploozersk Cement Plant - Jewish Autonomous Region.
• Novotroitsk Cement Plant - Cheeb Tsam Orenburg, Novotroitsk.
• Verkhnebakansky cement cog - Krasnodar Territory, Novorossiysk.

Muaj ntau lub tuam txhab zoo sib xws. Kuj tseem muaj cov tuam txhab tsim khoom loj hauv khw, paub thoob plaws Russia thiab txawm nyob hauv Europe. Piv txwv li:

• " Txoj kev hlub " muab cov khoom 400D20 hauv 40 kg hnab. Cov khoom no tau nce kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tiv taus te ntau dua. Tus nqi nruab nrab yog 200-230 rubles.
• " Eurocement" Cov koom ua ke hauv nws tus kheej ib pab pawg tsim khoom lag luam, yog li nws muaj ntau yam khoom lag luam. Maas M400 tuaj yeem yuav hauv pob los ntawm 25 kg rau 1 t. Nqe - txog 220 rubles. rau 50kg.

Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov

М400 yog cov qib kawm tiav thoob ntiaj teb. Nws yog siv hauv kev tsim cov tsev qis qis, hauv av thiab hauv qab txheej txheem, rau kev pleev xim thiab kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv thiab sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm thaj chaw. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib xyaw no yog:

• Yooj yim siv thiab xav tau tsawg rau kev yug me nyuam thiab siv. Nws txaus los ua raws cov lus qhia ntawm lub khw tsim khoom kom tau txais kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab nto zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav.
• Tus nqi qis ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab nws muaj. Koj tuaj yeem yuav lub hnab M400 hauv ib lub tuam tsev tsim khoom, qhov nyuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum xaiv ib qho ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom.
• Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom. Txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv me me los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm kev npaj lossis tso rau hauv cov cement tau tso cai, kab nrib pleb ntawm qhov chaw tsis zoo li yuav tshwm sim.

• Qhov kub thiab txias uas cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj yog los ntawm -60 txog + 300C, uas muab cov kev siv dav tshaj plaws rau cov npe ntawm cov cement no.
• Tsawg me me shrinkage thaum hardening. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb no yuav tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob ua yuam kev hauv qhov ntev thaum nchuav lub hauv paus lossis ua lwm yam khoom. Tsis tas li, qhov me me ntawm shrinkage lav tsis muaj cov kab nrib pleb ntawm cov khoom.
• Maas ntawm hom tshuaj no khov kho sai dua. Lub sijhawm tawv tawv txaus kom ua tiav txhua txoj haujlwm nrog kev sib xyaw (kev txav mus los ploj tom qab li 6 teev), tab sis cov khoom tau txais nws lub zog kawg hauv ob peb lub lis piam. Nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias nce ntxiv, qhov ua kom tawv ntawm cov pob zeb los ntawm M400 cov cement tau nrawm dua.
• Qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj sib txawv sib txawv muab cov yas sib xyaw, tiv taus xeb, muaj peev xwm ua kom tawv dua sai dua thiab lwm yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.

Txawm li cas los xij, nrog txhua qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov cement no, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias rau kev tsim kho cov tsev ntau lub tsev thiab cov qauv uas ua rau muaj kev thauj khoom ntau dua, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov qib ruaj khov (piv txwv li, M500).

Cov lus qhia siv:

• Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj tov, nws yuav tsum tau dilute cov cement nrog dej hauv 2: 1 piv, uas yog, cov dej ntau yog kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov cement. Dej yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis huv, av, cov ceg ntoo thiab suav nrog loj - qhov no yuav txo lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb ua tiav. Thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev tsis txhob ntxiv dej rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.
• Qhov seem ntawm kev daws - pob zeb tawg, xuab zeb thiab muab tub lim - yuav tsum tsis pub dawb los ntawm cov av thiab tsis zoo ib yam. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv pob zeb tawg ntawm ob feem - loj thiab me, qhov no yuav ua rau lub zog ntxiv ntxiv.
• Tsis tas yuav yuav cov cement ntev ua ntej ua haujlwm tiav. Hauv cov chaw khaws khoom ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov chaw muag khoom, raws li txoj cai, kev khaws cia kom raug rau qhov sib xyaw tau muab - ntsuas kub thiab av noo raug tswj. Kev khaws cia hauv tsev lossis hauv chaw tso tsheb tsis tuaj yeem lav qhov xwm txheej zoo ib yam. Ib qho ntxiv, lub neej txee ntawm M400 cov cement yog luv - raws li txoj cai, txij li 6 txog 12 lub hlis. Cov av noo siab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub zog ntawm cov cement thiab qhov zoo ntawm nws sib xyaw rau hauv cov pob zeb ua ke.

• Muaj qhov kwv yees qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov cement: piv txwv li, kom tau 1 m3 ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke, nws yuav tsum tau siv txij li 180 txog 260 kg ntawm M400 cov khoom, nyob ntawm qhov xav tau lub zog ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem zaum kawg. Cov lus pom zoo ntawm lub ntim khoom yuav muab rau koj kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua.
• Thaum txiav txim siab siv cov cement, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom 10-15% ntau dua ntawm qhov kwv yees. Hauv qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov khoom los ntawm ib pawg thiab los ntawm ib tus neeg xa khoom thiab siv tam sim ntawd rau nws lub hom phiaj. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas nrog tus neeg muag khoom yog tias cov cement ntau tshaj tuaj yeem xa rov qab.
• Tus nqi ntawm cov qhob uas yuav siv nyob rau ob peb teev tom ntej, ua ntej sib xyaw ua kom tawv, yuav tsum tau sib xyaw. Rov ua dua cov dej khov sib xyaw nrog dej tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, txij li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawv tawv tau tshwm sim hauv qhov sib xyaw.