Cov Nplais Hlau (24 Duab): Nws Yog Dab Tsi Hauv Hlau? Cov Muaj Pes Tsawg Leeg Ntawm Cov Hlau Slag Thiab Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom Ntom N

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg hlau yog siv ua txaj rau txoj kev thiab hauv lwm yam haujlwm. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntog tuaj nws zoo sib xws, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim khoom. Nws tsim nyog tham hauv ntau yam ntxiv txog dab tsi nws yog siv hauv hlau, nws siv nws li cas.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau yam khoom tsim tawm los ntawm kev zom cov hlau thiab cov hlau tsis yog hlau. Slag yog cov khoom pov tseg tseem ceeb. Nws yog cov khoom tawg ntawm cov hlau, nws tuaj yeem muaj cov sib txawv sib txawv, cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov yam ntxwv. Cov tshuaj lom neeg hlau tau txais ntawm qhov sib npaug nrog cov hmoov tshauv uas seem tom qab zom cov hlau thiab npua hlau . Nws tseem nyob hauv kev tsim khoom tom qab ua tiav, yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg tom ntej lossis rov siv dua ua cov khoom siv ywj pheej.

Hlau slags yog cov khoom ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub . Qhov no yog hom silicate pov tseg nrog cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke. Tau ntev, cov slags tau yooj yim pov tseg, tsis muaj kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb. Txhua yam hloov pauv hauv ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Txij lub sijhawm ntawd, cov khoom siv hlau hlau tau pib nquag siv hauv kev tsim kho, kev lag luam ua liaj ua teb, thiab thaum tso txoj kev sib txuas.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom

Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis sib xws. Qhov tseeb, nws yog cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw ntawm cov oxides, nyob ntawm 90 txog 95% ntawm qhov ntim. Tus so yog sulphides, sulphates, sib xyaw halogen. Nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm oxides, slags tau muab faib ua qhov yooj yim (txog 1%), monosilicates (1%), bisilicates (2%), acidic (txog 3%).

Cia peb sau tus yam ntxwv ntxiv

1. Kev nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm lub voos xwmfab . Nws yog 0.7-1.9 tons rau cov khoom lag luam ntau, thiab rau cov khoom lag luam-0.7-2.9 tons.
2. Chav Kawm Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb . Qib IV tau tsim los rau txhua yam hlau hlau. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov hlau pov tseg yog teeb meem rau ib puag ncig thiab xav tau pov tseg kom raug thiab rov ua dua tshiab.
3. Ceev Nws qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 750 txog 1100 kg / m3.
4. Cov zis rau 1 tuj ntawm cov hlau . Rau cov hlau hlau, nws txawv ntawm 100 txog 700 kg. Kev tsim khoom niaj hnub cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov txheej txheem sib nqus hlau sib txawv. Hauv qhov cub tawg, qhov nruab nrab yog 80 kg / t, hauv qhov cub tawg - txog 30 kg / t, nrog cov tshuab hloov pauv - tsis tshaj 18 kg / t. Cov hlau tsis muaj hlau ua rau ntau txog 200 tons ntawm slag rau 1 tuj ntawm cov hlau.

Txhua qhov ntsuas no tau muab coj los rau hauv kev siv cov pov tseg ntxiv los ntawm kev lag luam hlau.

Nta ntawm ntau lawm

Raws li txoj hauv kev tsim khoom, slags hauv metallurgy tau muab faib ua ob peb pawg. Hauv ib tsob ntoo, kev ua cov khib nyiab tshwm sim ib txhij nrog lwm cov txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, kev sib cais ntawm kev hloov pauv slag hauv steelmaking tau ua tiav hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm tshuab cov hlau ua kom yaj. Txhua qhov suav nrog txawv teb chaws tau oxidized thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm.

Thaum smelting ferrous hlau, feem ntau cupola txoj kev yog siv . Cov no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv los ua cov hlau cam khwb cia. Cov txheej txheem muaj kev ua haujlwm siab, tsis zoo li kev kho cua sov rauv, nws tsis hloov cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau phom. Slag nqis los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb kais qhov.

Lwm hom kev tso cua sov yog siv los yaj cov hlau tsis yog hlau. Qhov ua rau slag, npog nrog zaj duab xis, ua tiav hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb.

Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov kev rho tawm ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov khoom, lawv ua kom ploj mus los ntawm chlorination, centrifugation lossis hluav taws xob ua haujlwm pab.

Txawm hais tias txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis, txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb kom tau txais slag hauv cov hlau hlau yog txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau yaj hauv lub tshuab ua kom tawg lossis lub tshuab ua cua sov qhib . Hauv qhov no, kev khaws khib nyiab yog nqa tawm vim qhov qis dua qhov nqus tshwj xeeb. Slag ntab saum cov nplaim hlau thiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub qhov dej tshwj xeeb. Nrog rau txoj kev qhib-hearth smelting txoj kev, cov pov tseg kuj tau sau saum toj no cov hlau ua kua, lawv sau tsis nyuaj.

Saib

Kev faib tawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov nplais hlau yog ua raws cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov khoom tsim thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lawv yog lawv tus txiav txim siab tias yuav siv cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv li cas. Kev faib tawm yooj yim sib txawv ntawm cov khib nyiab ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau tsis yog hlau . Pawg thib ob tsis muaj ntau heev, muaj cov lej tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau oxides nrog cov tsis huv ntawm calcium thiab magnesium, thiab ntau yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tseem muaj nyob hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khib nyiab no ntau dua, lawv xav tau kev ua kom tiav ntxiv.

Cov pab pawg ntawm slags tau txais hauv kev tsim cov hlau hlau muaj ntau yam sib txawv. Lawv muab faib ua 4 hom.

1. Ferroalloy . Tsim thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom ntawm cov hlau phom sib xws. Ntxiv nrog rau cov hlau, cov slags muaj silicon, manganese, chromium, thiab lwm yam khoom tsis huv.
2. Cupola . Tau txais los ntawm smelting npua hlau hauv cupolas - qhov cub tshwj xeeb. Lawv suav nrog cov khoom tsim tawm, coke, hlawv-on, tshauv thiab hlau cov khoom lag luam oxidation. Qhov feem ntawm cov oxides hauv lawv mus txog 90%. Cov khoom tsim tawm muaj acidity siab dua 3%, tso tawm cov zaub mov, aluminium-silicon glassy particles.
3. Hlau-ua . Lawv tau txais los ntawm kev qhib cov hlau ntawm cov hlau, tsis hais hom tsev twg. Cov no yog cov oxides ntawm qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom rau qhov no yog oxides ntawm qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, tsis muaj cov khoom sib hloov pauv hloov, feem ntau muaj feem cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Slags ntawm hom no yog ua los ntawm cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov khoom oxidation ntawm cov hlau thiab manganese.
4. Sau . Hom feem ntau muaj cov qauv silicate lossis aluminosilicate. Nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, thaum ua kom txias, cov slag tau txais cov qauv pob zeb, los ntawm cov pob zeb tawg lossis lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev yog tom qab tau txais, tab sis nws tseem tuaj yeem zom ua hmoov. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj tom ntej ntawm cov khoom siv, tshwj xeeb kev tswj hwm qhov system tau siv.

Raws li lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, ferrous metallurgy slags tom qab txias tau muab faib ua pob zeb tawg thiab tsis tawg . Pab pawg thib ob yuav siv cov txheej txheem rocky formations. Kev hloov pauv sib txawv feem ntau muab faib ua pawg raws li lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Feem ntau cov kev xaiv yog:

• silicate - thaum rov ua dua tshiab, lawv tawg mus rau hauv cov hmoov zoo;
• calcareous - crushed rau hauv crumbs ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv;
• manganese - yaj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntub;
• ferrous - nquag tawg hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ya raws.

Slags, uas tsis decompose nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud, tau siv los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov pob zeb tawg thiab lwm yam kev tsim pob zeb . Nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem txheej txheem, lawv tau txias thiab tsoo los ntawm ib nrab txheej qhuav hauv cov nruas tshwj xeeb lossis raug rau "ntub" cov nyhuv ntawm lub dav hlau muaj zog.

Hauv qhov no, cov khoom raug tsoo tam sim ntawd hauv cov txheej txheem tawm hauv lub tshuab ua kom tawg, thiab tom qab ntawd tsuas yog tshuab rau kom qhuav thiab txias kawg.

Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov

Granulated slag - pov tseg los ntawm lub tshuab ua kom tawg ntawm cov hlau tsis huv - yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev ua ntxiv. Lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kwv yees. Cov khoom siv yog cov pob zeb tawg - pheej yig dua pob zeb ntuj. Cov khoom tiav yog siv:

• rau txoj kev tsim kho - xws li txaj;
• hauv kev tsim cov khoom ua vaj tsev;
• hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, raws li cov dej ntws rau cov av;
• hauv kev tsim cov qhob, ua ke.

Slags tau txais hauv kev tsim cov ferroalloys thiab hauv cov hlau tsim tau ntxiv rau cov cement hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov tsis huv . Xws li muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txais tshuaj lom neeg ntxiv. Ua ke nrog Portland cement clinker, nws muaj peev xwm txuas ntxiv txhim kho lub cev lub cev ntawm cov khoom. Cov pob zeb me me sib xyaw nrog dej iav lossis dej qab zib tau siv hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb sib xyaw uas muaj peev xwm ua kom tawv tawv ntawm qhov kub tsawg.

Thaum nrum slag, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom tiav: paving slabs thiab curbs, sab hauv pem teb npog . Tsis tas li, txoj hauv kev no tso cai rau koj los tsim cov kav dej thiab fittings rau lawv, kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv. Cov nqi tsim khoom raug txo qis, thiab hais txog nws tus yam ntxwv, cov khoom siv tiav tsis zoo dua li cov khoom siv ib txwm ua los ntawm cov hlau lossis cov pob zeb ntxiv. Casting yog ua los ntawm molding molten slag.

Cov plaub mos mos tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws-cua sov, cov hlau-zom, cov khoom siv hauv cupola . Txog qhov no, qhov sib xyaw ua kom sov rau lub xeev ua kua raug xa mus rau cov tshuab nqus kom tsim cov fibers.

Cov phaj uas tau txais hauv txoj kev no tuaj yeem nyuaj heev lossis zoo li muag muag, muaj cov qauv ywj pheej, ntom ntom. Vim yog hluavtaws polymers thiab bituminous binders, lawv khaws lawv cov khoom tau ntev.