Mertel: Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Refractory Masonry Sib Tov MP-18 Thiab High-alumina Mortar, Lwm Hom Thiab Kev Sib Xyaw, Tsim Khoom

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-15 04:12

Thaum tso lub qhov cub lossis lub qhov cub, nrog rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub qhov cub tawg lossis cov tais hlau, tsis yog tsuas yog siv cov cib ua kom tsis zoo, tab sis kuj tseem siv tau cov tshuaj tua hluav taws. Kev sib xyaw masonry-tiv tshav kub yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no, uas tsis tsuas yog txhim khu kev qha txhim kho txhua qhov kev teeb tsa ib leeg rau ib leeg, tab sis kuj ua raws li cov khoom sib khi uas tsis plam nws cov haujlwm txawm tias nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias heev.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Mortar yog cov khoom siv uas yog chav kawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nws cov khoom tsim tawm hauv lub hoobkas. Kev tsim cov khoom muaj nyob hauv kev npaj sib xyaw qhuav ntawm kaolin thiab chamotte hmoov hauv 1: 1 piv.

Kaolin yog ib hom av nplaum tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke; txhawm rau npaj sib xyaw, cov av nplaum tau qhuav thiab tsoo.

Cov tshuaj ua kom tiav muaj cov hmoov zoo ntawm cov xim daj-xim av lossis xim liab-xim av. Cov hmoov yuav tsum muaj cov khoom sib npaug sib npaug sib npaug. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov nqaij ci hauv cov tshuaj khib yog suav tias yog kev sib yuav. Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov feem me me, cov hmoov av hmoov av tau muab faib ua hom.

Cov ntxhib-grained - qhov loj me me ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 2-2.8 hli. Cov khoom siv no suav nrog 75% chamotte thiab 25% cov tshuaj ntxiv.

Nruab nrab-grained - qhov loj me me ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog 1-2 hli. Qhov sib xyaw muaj 80% chamotte thiab 20% av nplaum.

Cov hmoov zoo - qhov loj me me ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog sib npaug ntawm 0, 24-1 hli. Qhov sib xyaw muaj 85% chamotte hmoov thiab 15% kaolin av nplaum.

Ib qho tshuaj tov tshuaj yog npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov tshuaj qhuav nrog dej . Nws qhov zoo - tiv tshav kub thiab tiv taus hluav taws - tau siv rau kev tso lub cub tawg thiab txheej sab hauv ntawm nws qhov chaw. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntim cov tshuaj khib hauv hnab ntawm 50 kg txhua, tsawg dua ntim thiab 25 kg. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau cov khoom lag luam yog nws qhov ua kom qhuav, txij li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ua rau poob nws cov khoom nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ya raws.

Cov tshuaj cug yog cov hluav taws kub heev thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub txog 1750 ° C. Qhov kub-tiv taus no cuam tshuam txog kev siv cov khoom siv no los tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj thaum qhov chaw raug cua sov sib xyaw roj thiab qhib cov nplaim taws.

Mortar hmoov, ua ke nrog qee qhov dej, tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua haujlwm uas muaj cov khoom zoo ib yam li cov nplaim hluav taws . Thaum ua kom sov, muaj pes tsawg leeg nthuav dav, cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo nkauj tau txais ntawm nws saum npoo, uas kaw cov nqaws ntawm lub qhov cub masonry, yog li tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm hom sib xyaw

Cov tshuaj khib nyiab los ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab tau muab faib ua ntau hom uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj. Kev xaiv raug ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo ua hluav taws tuaj yeem tuaj yeem lav qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tsev nyob thiab lwm lub tsev uas lub qhov cub lossis qhov cub tau teeb los ntawm hluav taws . Tsis tas li ntawd, cov alumina siab thiab cov yas yas zoo heev yog siv tsis yog rau kev tso rauv taws, tabsis tseem siv rau lub hom phiaj tsim thaum tua ntau hom haujlwm ua haujlwm. Cug tau muab cais raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus hauv qab no.

Los ntawm kev sib xyaw

Nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke muaj raws li hauv qab no

Periclase mortar, qib MPSF - yog ua los ntawm cov hmoov periclase, qhov twg phosphate Cheebtsam ua raws cov khoom sib khi. Xws li kev sib xyaw yog siv los kaw cov nqaws ntawm lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws thiab yog ib feem ntawm txheej txheej hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Magnesian tshuaj khib - qhov sib xyaw yog ua raws magnesium oxide thiab nws cov dioxides. Hom tshuaj khib no yog siv hauv kev ua hlau thaum npaj cov koov ntawm lub qhov cub tawg rau hlau.

Mullite tshuaj khib - hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, siv cov ntxhia, uas hu ua mullite, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus txhuas, hlau thiab silicon. Hom kev sib xyaw no yog siv los tiv thaiv cov hlau nchuav.

Mullite corundum tshuaj khib - tsim khoom siv corundum tivthaiv thiab sodium polyphosphate. Corundum, raws li cov ntxhia, muaj qhov nyuaj piv rau pob zeb diamond, thiab hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, corundum yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam ntawm txhuas oxide.

Cordierite tshuaj khib - muaj nyob hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg kaolin, alumina, quartz, feldspar, talc. Cordierite hmoov muaj qhov qis coefficient ntawm kev nthuav dav thaum ua kom sov thiab tsis tawg thaum txias sai. Nws yog siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam refractory, lim dej.

Zircon cug - qhov sib xyaw muaj zirconium oxide. Hom hlau no tiv taus hluav taws, yog li cov khoom sib xyaw tau siv hauv kev lag luam hlau.

Nitride tshuaj khib - qhov sib xyaw muaj silicon nitride. Cov khoom tiv taus cua sov ntawm nitride mortar yog siv hauv cov hlau smelting thiab pov tseg kev lag luam hlawv.

Oxide tshuaj khib - muaj cov oxides ntawm cov hlau xws li beryllium, cerium, thorium. Mortar sib xyaw ntawm hom no yog siv rau kev lag luam nuclear.

Txhua hom tshuaj mortars muaj raws li cov dej sib xyaw dawb. Ib qho kev zam yog cov tshuaj khib nyiab oxide, uas tau tsim tawm hauv daim ntawv pasty.

Los ntawm hom

Txhua qhov kev tuag loj tau cim nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev, nyob ntawm nws muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom. Piv txwv, tsab ntawv ib feem ntawm cov cim muaj cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov lej qhia txog feem pua ntawm txhuas oxides hauv qhov sib xyaw. Cov hom tshuaj khib hauv qab no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov npe:

• MP-18-ib nrab kua qaub tov uas muaj tsawg kawg 20% txhuas oxide;
• MSh -28 - fireclay mortar nrog aluminium oxide cov ntsiab lus ntawm 28%;
• MSh -31 - cov tshuaj tua hluav taws nrog cov ntsiab lus txhuas oxide ntau txog 31%;
• MSh -32 - fireclay mortar nrog aluminium oxide cov ntsiab lus txog li 32%;
• MSh -36 - cov tshuaj tua hluav taws nrog cov ntsiab lus txhuas oxide txog li 36%;
• MSh -39 - fireclay mortar nrog aluminium oxide cov ntsiab lus txog li 39%;
• MShB -35 - chamotte cug nrog bauxite, muaj 35% ntawm txhuas oxides thiab ore ntawm tib lub npe hauv daim ntawv ntawm bauxite;
• MMKRB-52-sib xyaw ntawm mullite-silica nrog ntxiv ntawm bauxite thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm 52% txhuas oxides;
• MMKRB-60-sib xyaw ntawm mullite-silica nrog ntxiv ntawm bauxite thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm 60% txhuas oxides;
• MML -62 - mullite sib tov tsis muaj impurities, nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 62% txhuas oxides;
• MMK-72-mullite-corundum mortar uas muaj 72% txhuas oxide;
• MMK-77-mullite-corundum mortar uas muaj 77% txhuas oxide;
• ММК-85-mullite-corundum mortar nrog 85% txhuas oxide cov ntsiab lus;
• MKBK-75-sib xyaw ntawm mullite-silica nrog ntxiv ntawm bauxite thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm 75% txhuas oxides;
• ММКФ-85-sib xyaw ntawm mullite-corundum, hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub hauv paus-hauv paus, nws siv phosphates, muaj 85% ntawm txhuas oxide;
• MC-94 yog zirconium cug, tshwj xeeb sib xyaw muaj cov hmoov av zoo hauv av thiab zirconium, npaj rau cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab ntawm cov khoom tiv taus cua sov.

Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke sib raug raws li GOST 6137-37, tab sis qee qhov ntawm lawv tuaj yeem tsim tawm raws li TU cov cai.

Cov ntawv thov

Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke tau siv los ua cov masonry ua haujlwm thaum txhim kho cov cua sov thiab lwm yam txheej txheem zoo sib xws xws li lub tshuab ua kom tawg, lub lauj kaub rau nchuav hlau, hauv cov coke ncu lossis cua sov cua sov. Qhib-hearth cov hlau ua hluav taws xob, cov khoom sib tov, crucibles thiab lwm yam yog raug rau kev sib tsoo . Txog kev kho saum npoo av, kev daws teeb meem ntawm qhov sib xws tau npaj ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw ua ntej pib ua haujlwm. Qee hom tshuaj khib tuaj yeem ua rau diluted rau qee lub sijhawm thiab tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis ntshai poob ntawm lawv cov nplaim hluav taws.

Yuav siv li cas?

Txhawm rau txhawm rau cug, qee qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse tsis tas yuav tsum tau - txoj hauv kev npaj cov khoom sib xyaw yog yooj yim heev. Cov lus qhia rau kev ua haujlwm yog raws li hauv qab no.

• Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum npaj thiab ntxuav chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm cov khib nyiab txawv teb chaws. Ib qho ntxiv, txhua yam khoom tsis tsim nyog thiab cov cuab yeej raug tshem tawm ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
• Koj yuav tsum tau npaj lub thawv ntim khoom rau sib xyaw ua ke, thaum ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau npaj txhua yam cuab yeej - lub tov khoom rau nplawm, spatula, dej huv rau diluting cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
• Ua ntej tso, cov cib yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntawm cov av, hmoov av, lossis, yog tias siv lub cib, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm cov seem ntawm cov khoom qub los ntawm nws. Ib qho ntxiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem cov pa roj carbon thiab soot tso los ntawm cov cib saum npoo av.
• Ua haujlwm ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov hmoov zoo qhuav yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv lub tshuab nqus pa tiv thaiv thiab tsom iav kom tsis txhob nqus cov hmoov av los ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, vim nws cov khoom muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Tes yuav tsum tau npog nrog hnab looj tes tiv thaiv.

Txhua qhov kev nqis tes cuam tshuam nrog kev npaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke tau nqa tawm hauv chav uas muaj cua nkag tau zoo, tab sis cov ntawv yuav tsum raug zam kom tsis txhob sib xyaw qhuav kom tsis txhob tawg thoob plaws saum npoo av.

Kev sib xyaw tshuaj khib ua haujlwm tau muab faib ua 3 hom nyob ntawm lawv qhov ntom, uas yog, qib ntawm kev sib tov ntawm cov hmoov qhuav nrog dej:

• kua sib xws - nws hloov tawm thaum 13-13.5 liv dej tau ntxiv rau 20 kg hmoov;
• ib nrab tuab tuab-tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw 20 kg hmoov nrog ntxiv ntawm 11, 5-12 liv dej;
• tuab sib xws - kev daws teeb meem no tau npaj los ntawm tus nqi ntawm 20 kg ntawm qhov sib xyaw thiab 8-8, 5 liv dej.

Kev sib xyaw ua kua thiab ib nrab tuab tau siv thaum nws tsim nyog los ua kev sib khi ntawm cov pob zeb, qhov tuab uas tsis tshaj 3 hli. Yog tias cov nqaws nrog tuab ntau dua 3 hli xav tau, tom qab ntawd tsuas yog cov qauv nrog cov tuab tuab sib xws tau siv rau lawv. Qhov tuab ntawm cov pob qij txha hauv cov nplais pob zeb yog ua los ntawm 3 hli, thaum cov nplaim hluav taws kub nyhiab tso cai rau cov pob qij txha me dua. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov tshuaj khib yog raws li hauv qab no:

• nqa lub ntim ntawm qhov ntim uas xav tau thiab hliv cov tshuaj cug qhuav rau hauv;
• dej (huv, tsis muaj qhov tsis huv thiab tsis suav nrog) tau ntxiv rau cov hmoov hauv qhov me me, hauv theem;
• thaum ntxiv cov dej tshiab, cov tshuaj mortar tau sib tov zoo nrog lub tov khoom rau kev tsim kho lossis ua haujlwm nrog qhov tshwj xeeb txuas ntxiv tau siv;
• thaum sib xyaw cov khoom sib xyaw, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tiav cov homogeneous loj uas cov qog ntawm ib qho me me tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav;
• tom qab ntxiv ib feem me me ntawm cov dej thiab sib tov sib xyaw kom huv, qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau tso tseg kom sawv ntsug li 25-30 feeb, tom qab uas nws qhov sib xws tau txiav txim siab thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, ntxiv ib feem me me ntawm cov dej ntxiv, yog li coj tag nrho huab hwm coj mus rau qhov xwm txheej xav tau.

Kev npaj ua haujlwm sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj khib yuav tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txhua lub hauv paus ntawm lub qhov cub masonry thiab kaw cov nqaws. Kev siv rau 100 cib yuav nyob nruab nrab yog 2-3 thoob ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav, tab sis qhov nyiaj no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, vim nws ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj khib.