LVL-bar: Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Qhov Ntau Thiab Tsawg Nyob Hauv Russia, Cov Yam Ntxwv Thiab Kev Tsim Khoom Siv Tshuab, Kab Hauv Pem Teb Los Ntawm Ib Lub Bar Thiab Qhov Hnyav Ntawm Cov Kh

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

LVL yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsim los ntawm gluing nyias cov tawv ntoo. Nws tau tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev tsis ntev dhau los - txij li nruab nrab xyoo 2009. Cov ntoo uas muaj ntau txheej txheem tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho vaj tsev. Xav txog nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, kev tsim khoom thev naus laus zis, kev ua tau zoo thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb.

Nws yog dab tsi?

LVL-kab teeb yog tsim los ntawm veneer ua los ntawm cov ntoo ntoo ntawm hom tsiaj coniferous. Feem ntau, ntoo thuv lossis larch yog siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Txog kev tsim khoom, cov khoom siv raw tau ua tib zoo xaiv nyob rau theem ntawm kev yuav khoom . Kev nyiam yog muab rau ntoo yam tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Rau kev npaj cov veneer, lub hauv paus muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm lub cev yog nqa tawm. Hais txog qhov ntsuas lub zog, LVL kab teeb tau zoo dua li ntoo ntuj.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nws tsis deform, thiab nws qhov ntom ntom tiv thaiv kev nqus dej. Vim qhov no, thawj qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntoo txiav tau khaws cia.

Lwm cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, uas feem ntau yog qhov ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntoo txiav ntoo ntuj;
• tiv taus pwm thiab fungus, tsis nyiam rau kab thiab nas;
• khaws cia cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo thoob plaws lub sijhawm ua haujlwm;
• muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo heev;
• muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov tsev uas siv cov ntoo ua ntoo, tsis hais lub caij twg thiab huab cua zoo li cas;
• tiv taus ib puag ncig txhoj puab heev;
• ntau yam ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg;
• homogeneous qauv;
• yooj yim ua tiav nrog ntau yam cuab yeej;
• lub cev hnyav piv rau cov ntoo ntuj (vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb no, rau lub tsev me me, kev teeb tsa lub hauv paus loj loj yuav tsis xav tau);
• qhov ua tau ntawm kev txhim kho cov qauv nrog cov qauv vaj huam sib luag;
• kev ntseeg tau, lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev zoo nkauj.

LVL-kab teeb tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom nyoos kim siv cov thev naus laus zis nyuaj thiab siv sijhawm ntau. Nws kev tsim khoom xav tau cov cuab yeej kim. Txhua yam no tau cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tiav - kev tsim kho lub tsev los ntawm LVL -bar yuav xav tau kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag loj. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no suav tias yog ib puag ncig tsis nyab xeeb, txij li cov tshuaj formaldehyde-based tau siv thaum txuas cov txheej.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj lom ua pa tawm mus rau ib puag ncig. Cov tuav uas ua txhaum cai ntawm kev tsim thev naus laus zis ua rau muaj kev phom sij tshwj xeeb. Lwm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov ua pa qis, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau huab cua nkag mus hauv chav.

LVL ua li cas?

Cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom suav nrog ntau theem

• Kev npaj cov ntoo ntoo xa mus rau tsob ntoo rau tev … Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cov tawv ntoo raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv (tsawg kawg 3 hli) siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd muab raus rau hauv dej kub (txog 80 degrees) txog li 24 teev. Cov ntoo ntub tau softer thiab pliable ntau dua, yooj yim dua thiab nrawm dua rau txiav rau hauv nyias daim nyias nyias.
• Txiav ntub cov cav ntub rau hauv cov phaj nrog qhov xav tau ntev , lawv qhov nruab nrab thiab tev kom tau cov veneer nrog tuab ntawm 3 hli.
• Txheeb cais cov haujlwm uas tau txais los ntawm cov av noo, lawv xa mus rau chav qhuav. Cov dej noo ntawm cov veneer qhuav yuav tsum yog ntawm 5 txog 8%.
• Rov txheeb cov khoom , tshem tawm kev sib yuav, nws txuas ntxiv mus rau kev tsim khoom ntawm lwm cov ntoo txiav.
• Cov ntawv txheeb siv cov nplaum tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej nias.

Nyob rau theem kawg, cov nplaum veneer tau txiav kom tau cov nqaj nrog qhov xav tau ntev. Ua ntej tso tawm rau kev muag khoom, cov khoom tau kuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntxiv, tau ntim thiab sau npe. LVL cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tau siv tag nrho, uas tsis suav nrog qhov ua yuam kev yuam kev vim yog tib neeg.

Tev tawm, ntsuas thiab ua haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm cov haujlwm yog ua los ntawm kev siv khoos phis tawj. Qhov zoo ntawm cov veneer raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv ultrasonic tshwj xeeb.

Yam ntxwv thiab khoom

LVL nrog ntau txheej txheem tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam raws li GOST 33124-2014. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo tsim nyob rau hauv nruj ua raws nrog kev tsim khoom thev naus laus zis muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

• ntom - 480 kg / m³ (ntom thiab muaj zog dua ntoo ntuj);
• hnav chav kawm tiv thaiv - 4;
• tiv taus ya raws - los ntawm 8 txog 12% (xyaum tsis nqus dej noo);
• chav kawm tiv thaiv hluav taws - E (tus nqi ntawm charring tsis tshaj 0.7 mm / min.);
• formaldehyde chav kawm - E1 (cov cai tso cai ntawm cov tshuaj carcinogenic tsis ntau tshaj 10 mg rau 100 g ntawm qhuav qhuav ntawm ib lub bar);
• Lub zog tensile - 16-22, 5 MPa, khoov tsis kam - 48 MPa.

Cov khoom muaj cov qauv sib xws vim tias nws lub cev muaj zog tau tswj hwm raws nws qhov ntev. Cov ntoo uas txuas nrog tsis hloov pauv thiab tsis hloov nws qhov loj thiab qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev hloov pauv huab cua thiab cuam tshuam rau lub caij nyoog . Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev suav nrog nws lub suab nrov thiab rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Vim tias qhov tshwj xeeb no, chav tsim los ntawm ib lub bar yuav nyob ntsiag to thiab sov. LVL-ntoo, tsis zoo li cov khoom siv hlau thiab ntoo ntuj, tiv taus dej thiab ntsev ntxhiab, ammonia.

LVL ntoo sib txawv los ntawm ib txwm ib txwm nyob rau hauv refractoriness ntau dua vim yog cov qauv ntau thiab ntau porosity tsawg . Cov txheej txheem formaldehyde-based siv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog oxidation-neutral thiab tiv taus hluav taws.

Vim lub high ceev thiab lub tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm tej kab nrib pleb rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom, ib tug teeb meem yog tsim rau cov allergic ntawm hluav taws rau hauv cov khoom.

Ntau yam

LVL-ntoo, nyob ntawm kev siv tshuab tsim khoom, tau muab faib ua 2 hom. Cov ntaub ntawv yog cov txheej txheem lossis nrog txheej txheej hla.

Txheej txheem

Cov no suav nrog ib qho bar uas txhua txheej muaj nyob hauv qhov kev coj mus ntev mus rau cov ntoo ntoo. Lawv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog lub peev xwm los tiv lub nra hnyav nrog ntu me me . Thaum siv cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, tsis xav tau kev teeb tsa lub hauv paus loj. Nws qhov tsis zoo yog qhov sib tw ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev raws cov ntug ntawm nws qhov txiaj ntsig loj ntawm qhov dav.

Nrog ntoo khaub lig txheej

Nws muaj cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov qauv nqaj. Thaum lub sijhawm nws tsim khoom, txhua txhua txheej 5 tau nteg hla lwm cov fibers. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov khoom tau txais lub zog ntxiv . Cov khoom siv nrog cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tsis ua rau ntawm cov npoo, vim tias nws tau pom zoo kom siv nws hauv kev tsim cov nplooj qhov rooj thiab ntau lub tsev tsim dav.

Qhov ntev (kho kom raug)

LVL-kab teeb tau tsim hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, yog li tus neeg yuav khoom muaj lub sijhawm los yuav cov khoom siv rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Yam tsawg kawg ntawm cov khoom tuab yog 1.8 cm, thiab qhov siab tshaj yog 10.2 cm . LVL vaj huam sib luag tau tsim hauv qhov dav los ntawm 10 txog 180 cm. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 18 meters. Ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, cov khoom siv hauv tsev raug txiav ua tej daim uas xav tau ntev.

Npav

Ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam, glued laminated ntoo yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrog ntau yam cim. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm tsab ntawv teev npe:

• R, S - ntoo veneer ntoo, muab tso ua ke rau ntawm cov ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo;
• X, Q - cov khoom lag luam zoo nrog cov ntoo ncaj ncaj txuas rau cov ntawv uas nyob ib sab;
• Kuv - kev sib xyaw ntawm 2 hom veneer yav dhau los nrog qhov zoo dua qub;
• T - kab teeb ua los ntawm cov qib tuab veneer qib G3 -G4 nrog cov lus sib xyaw ua ke

Cov khoom lag luam, hauv kev kos npe uas muaj tsab ntawv R, raug tso cai siv rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem nqa khoom, S - rau kev tsim cov kab teeb. Cov ntaub ntawv X thiab kuv raug pom zoo rau siv hauv kev tsim cov phab ntsa thiab ntau yam kev faib tawm. Glued laminated ntoo nrog lub cim Q yog npaj rau kev teeb tsa ntawm lub ru tsev slabs. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog T hom tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom siv rau hauv pem teb.

Nrov manufacturers

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia, tsuas muaj qee qhov kev tsim khoom tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm LVL kab teeb. Muaj 2 qhov kev piav qhia rau qhov no - qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, nrog rau cov neeg siv khoom thov me me vim tias tus nqi siab thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus txog qhov zoo ntawm cov ntoo txiav.

Ib qho ntawm cov tuam txhab nrov tshaj plaws yog txiav txim siab " LVL-UA " … Nov yog lub tuam txhab ua ntoo nrog cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Tyumen. Nws tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim ntau hom kab teeb, suav nrog LVL ntoo. Hauv ib xyoos, cov chaw tsim khoom tsim tawm txog 30 txhiab m3 ntoo rau muag.

Lwm lub tuam txhab loj tau sau npe hauv nroog Torzhok, Tver Region, yog " Talion Terra" cov … Nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntau txheej Ultralam. Nws yog cov chaw tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv Lavxias, tsim tsawg kawg 150 txhiab m3 ntawm LVL vaj huam sib luag txhua xyoo.

Ntoo tau tsim los siv thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis ua ntej nrog cua sov, uas ua kom nrawm dua thiab tob dua ntawm cov nplaum rau hauv cov ntoo.

Ib qho ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws nrov tshaj plaws ntawm LVL ntoo yog lub tuam txhab Finnforest (Finland): koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim? … Nws tsim cov khoom lag luam nyob hauv Kerto hom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov saw ntoo hauv tsev yuav pheej yig dua rau cov neeg siv khoom.

Cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm Lavxias cov chaw tsim khoom ntoo tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej ntawm qhov zoo - lawv tsis zoo dua hauv qhov ua tau zoo thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv kev sib piv nrog kev sib piv coj los ntawm txawv teb chaws.

Cov ntawv thov

Glued LVL tau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tsev qis qis - cov thav duab hauv tsev yog tsim los ntawm nws. Cov tuav feem ntau hloov los ntawm kab teeb thiab ntau yam khoom siv ntawm cov kab ke. Nrog kev pab los ntawm LVL-ntoo, lawv tsim:

• hangars;
• chaw nres tsheb;
• cov chaw ua kis las;
• kiosks;
• ntau yam qauv siv rau kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam;
• cov plag tsev sib cuam tshuam;
• vaj huam sib luag ru tsev thiab fencing qauv;
• formwork rau tom ntej pouring ntawm qhob cug.

Cov khoom siv kuj tseem siv rau kev tsim cov qhov rooj, lub qhov rais, cov khoom vaj khoom tsev, cov qauv ntoo, kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Vim tias nws muaj kev tiv thaiv ya raws siab, nws yog qhov xav tau thaum txhim tsa cov tsev nrog cov ntsuas huab cua siab (piv txwv li, da dej thiab saunas) . LVL muaj ntau qhov zoo, tab sis vim yog tus nqi siab txog 30,000-40,000 rubles. / m3 nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los tsim phab ntsa los ntawm nws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim tsev zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj ntau yam txheej txheem pabcuam tau tsim tsa - txhawb tus ncej lossis kab teeb. Txhawm rau txo tus nqi tsim tsev, nws raug nquahu kom muab nws sib xyaw nrog lwm hom kab teeb.

Thaum xaiv lub LVL nqaj rau kev tsim lub tsev ntoo, koj yuav tsum nqis peev peev nyiaj, tab sis qhov no nws muaj peev xwm los tsim lub tsev ruaj khov, txhim khu kev qha, ruaj khov, sov thiab zoo nkauj nyob.