Sibit (41 Duab): Kua Nplaum Rau Cov Qhob Qhob Aerated. Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Sibit Da Dej, Tso Khoom. Muaj Pes Tsawg Lub Block Nyob Hauv Lub Pallet? Pros Thiab Cons

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua lag luam rau kev tsim khoom, suav nrog sibit. Vim nws cov yam ntxwv, nws haum rau lub caij txias thiab sab qab teb. Kev siv cov thaiv zoo li no tso cai rau koj txhim kho cov tsev ruaj khov nrog cov cua sov zoo. Cov khoom siv nrov tsis yog hauv kev lag luam nkaus xwb tab sis kuj yog kev tsim kho ntiag tug.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Sibit yog lub npe ntawm cov qhob aerated, lo lus tau tsim los ntawm ob lub npe ntxiv: Siberia cog thiab Itong tuam txhab. Kev tsim khoom yog nyob hauv lub nroog Novosibirsk, thaum siv cov thev naus laus zis thiab khoom siv ntawm lub tuam txhab German, uas yog thawj lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov pob zeb ua autoclaved . Cov khoom siv yog lub teeb yuag, tab sis ruaj khov, uas piav qhia txog nws cov neeg nyiam. Muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm Sibit.

• Tsawg thermal conductivity . Hauv kev sib piv nrog cib, daim duab no tsawg dua 4 npaug. Sibit cov tsev tuaj yeem txuag tau txog 20% ntawm cua sov, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj tsam sab qaum teb. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, qhov ntsuas kub hauv tsev yuav nyob twj ywm ntawm qib uas xis nyob.
• Mob khaub thuas kuj . Raws li GOST cov kev cai, cov txheej txheem ua vaj tsev aerated yuav tsum tiv taus qee yam ntawm lub caij ntuj no. Sibit qhov te tiv taus yog ntau dua li qhov ntsuas qis. Blocks tswj hwm lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo rau 200 mus vim lawv cov qauv ua npuas. Hws noo tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv lub qhov hws thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom qhuav, yog li cov pob zeb tsis tawg.
• Yooj Yim . Piv rau kev ua cib, ib square meter nteg tawm ntawm cov sibit hnyav 5 zaug tsawg dua. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau ntawm kev tso lub hauv paus, zam kev xav tau los teeb tsa kev txhawb nqa muaj zog. Ib qho ntxiv, kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm tsis tas yuav siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab siv sijhawm tsawg dua.
• Dej ua pa permeability . Cov ntsuas ntsuas yog 0.17 g / m2, uas yog 6 npaug siab dua li ntawm cov cib. Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau koj kom nkag siab tias cov khoom siv ua pa zoo li cas. Nrog rau kev ua kom tsis muaj dej noo nyob hauv chav, qhov zoo tshaj plaws microclimate yuav raug khaws cia. Lub tsev los ntawm Sibit yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog pwm thiab kab mob, cov neeg nyob hauv yuav tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm huab cua qhuav.
• Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws . Aerated qhob yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj uas tsis tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab tau. Nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv, nws yuav tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm 3 txog 7 teev yog tias koj siv Sibit thaiv rau kev tsim kho.
• Versatility . Cov phaj los ntawm cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem siv rau kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb thiab ru tsev. Lawv tso cai rau koj tig lub nthab mus rau hauv lub nthab uas nyob ib puag ncig thiab tswj kom sov nyob rau ntawd, nrog rau txuag me ntsis thaum tsim kho. Tsis tas li, phab ntsa tau tsim los ntawm sibit, tab sis nws tsis pom zoo kom thauj lawv nrog cov khoom hnyav - qhov no tuaj yeem suav tias yog rho me me. Thaum tsim sab hauv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov khoom hauv pem teb, thiab tsis yog cov txee rau phab ntsa.

Ntawm qhov tsis txaus, koj tuaj yeem suav nrog qhov xav tau ua kom tiav - koj yuav tsum yuav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv los tsim kom muaj kev nyiam nyob hauv ib puag ncig. Sab nraum, lub tsev tseem yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm huab cua. Ib qho ntxiv, thaum txhim tsa lub tsev ntawm ob peb plag tsev, nws yuav tsim nyog los teeb tsa kev txhawb nqa. Txawm tias muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, Sibit tseem ua tau zoo dua lwm cov khoom nrov.

• Ua npuas ncauj thaiv muaj cov khoom siv dag siv dag zog, thiab nws cov duab tsis zoo ib yam sib txawv hauv cov duab geometry. Autoclaved qhob yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab tsim kom tau raws cov qauv.
• Cov roj silicate zoo sib xws hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tiv taus te kom khov thiab kim dua.
• Ntoo pob zeb yog ntshai ntawm qhov txias thiab hnyav dua, nws tsis yooj yim los ua haujlwm nrog nws.
• Cov cua sov thaiv muaj qhov ua kom sov qis dua, hauv qhov no nws yeej, tab sis nws muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg - nthuav polystyrene, thiab thaum tuav nws, qhov tseeb raug xav tau yog li tsis ua kom cov khoom puas.
• Cov av nplaum nthuav dav muaj zog dua, tab sis nws xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Tsis tas li, cov blocks muaj qhov me me, yog li kev teeb tsa yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua.

Sibit muaj ntau qhov zoo dua lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Txhua yam no ua tiav ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no.

Nws tsim tawm li cas?

Qhov zais cia ntawm qhov zoo nyob hauv kev ua raws nruj rau kev faib ua feem thiab cov qauv tsim khoom. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib xyaw rau kev tsim cov qhob aerated, cov khoom siv hauv qab no yog siv:

• xis mas;
• xuab zeb;
• dej;
• txiv qaub;
• txhuas hmoov.

Cov khoom xyaw raug tsoo thiab hauv av kom huv si kom tshem tawm txhua qhov tsis huv, piv txwv li, kev ua cov xuab zeb tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev txog 8 teev. Tom qab kev npaj, cov khoom qhuav tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd txheej hauv qab tau nchuav nrog dej thiab sib tov kom txog thaum sib tov creamy. Txoj kev daws teeb meem raug tso tseg ib pliag kom nws ua kom tawv.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau raug txiav rau qhov loj thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov cub hauv qhov cub rau 10 teev . Nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog muaj zog, kev ua vaj tsev tau nce lub zog thiab ruaj khov, nws cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo dua qub thaum piv nrog cov khoom tau los ntawm ntuj tawv.

Quicklime tau siv los ua cov khoom siv sib txuam.

Cov khoom tau muab rau hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb kaw kom txo qis kev cuam tshuam nrog huab cua. Thaum cov hmoov txhuas tau ntxiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab cov kua qaub, uas ua rau kev tsim cov qauv ntxeem tau. Qhov pore ntim yog kwv yees li 3/4 ntawm thaj tsam tag nrho ntawm qhov thaiv, uas yog vim li cas cov khoom siv hnyav.

Rau kev pom, siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm, uas tso cai rau koj ua tiav cov duab geometry . Cov kev txiav yog tiaj tus, thiab qhov ntev sib xws raws qhov tshwj xeeb tsis tau teev tseg. Cov nplais ua tiav tau muab tso rau ntawm pallets. Tom qab ntim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv raug thauj mus rau lub tsev rau khoom. Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, lawv tus lej hauv lub pallet thiab qhov hnyav tag nrho tuaj yeem sib txawv, nws zoo dua los tshuaj xyuas qhov no thaum yuav khoom.

Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm hom thaiv

Cov pa roj tuaj yeem ua tau ntev dua, muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub nra hnyav, lossis tsim los rau kev tso rwb thaiv tsev. Tsis tas li hauv lub npe "Sibit" tau tsim cov khoom siv hauv pem teb, rwb thaiv tsev vaj huam sib luag thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam. Txhua yam khoom siv ua vaj tsev aerated tuaj yeem faib ua peb pawg.

Thaum tshav kub kub insulating

Lawv tau siv rau ntxiv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa lossis kev tsim cov khoom uas tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, piv txwv li, laj kab lossis kev tsim kho me me. Qhov ntom ntawm cov thaiv ntawm hom no tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm D400 txog D500.

Txheej txheem

Lawv tau siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom txhawb nqa lossis rau kev tso qab nthab. Lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav ntau heev thiab ruaj khov . Lawv tau siv los tsim ntau lub tsev, ob qhov chaw nyob thiab chaw tsim khoom. Qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom hauv pawg no yog los ntawm D900 txog D1200.

Txheej txheem thiab rwb thaiv tsev cua sov

Ua ke qhov zoo ntawm ob hom yav dhau los. Lawv tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev nyob, thaum koj tsis tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau rwb thaiv tsev, vim tias cov qhob aerated yuav khaws cua sov tau zoo. Koj tseem tuaj yeem faib cov khoom los ntawm yam khoom. Cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam suav nrog:

• phab ntsa thaiv;
• pem teb slabs;
• reinforced lintels;
• thaiv rau txhim kho cov faib;
• thermal rwb thaiv tsev panels;
• cov ntsiab lus ntxiv

Ib qho ntxiv, ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom lag luam cuam tshuam, piv txwv li, kua nplaum rau cov qhob aerated nrog tib lub npe "Sibit". Nws yog siv los ua masonry cug, nrog rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj.

Kuj tseem muaj lub caij ntuj no ntawm cov kua nplaum uas tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub txog -25 degrees.

Qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav

Nyob ntawm hom khoom, qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov thaiv yuav txawv:

• rau phab ntsa qauv ntawm qeb B2, qhov ntsuas tsis yog 600/200/250 hli, rau B3 qhov dav yog 300 hli, rau B4 - 400 hli;
• cov qhov me tshaj plaws rau cov phab ntsa sab hauv muaj qhov ntsuas ntawm 625/100/250 hli, rau qhov loj tshaj, qhov dav mus txog 150 hli, lwm yam ntxwv tsis hloov;
• cov plag tsev sib txawv hauv qhov ntev - los ntawm 2 txog 6 meters, lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav txog li 800 kg.

Tus qauv thaiv nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm 600/200/300 mm hnyav 18 kg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov sib npaug ntawm cov cib (li 15-20 daim) twb muab 80 kg.

Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv pom uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm nrawm, thiab yog ib qho laj thawj rau kev nyiam ntawm Sibit hauv ntau qhov chaw.

Cov ntawv thov

Thaiv tau nquag siv rau kev tsim kho ntau yam khoom:

• cov tsev qis qis;
• tsev tsim;
• cov tsev khaws khoom thiab cov tsev tsim khoom;
• da dej thiab chaw nres tsheb;
• laj kab

Cov khoom siv xav tau hauv kev tsim khoom ntiag tug thiab kev tsim khoom, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev teeb tsa cov qauv nqa khoom, rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa, tso qab nthab. Nyob ntawm seb hom haujlwm twg, cov tsev tsim khoom nrog qhov ntom haum haum raug xaiv.

Cov nqi txaus nyiam thiab muaj nyob ua rau nws muaj peev xwm yuav cov khoom xa khoom rau tus kheej xav tau.

Pab Qhia

Sibit yog qhov nrov heev, yog li nws yooj yim mus nrhiav nws hauv khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Thaum yuav khoom, nws tsim nyog xav txog cov hauv qab no:

• xaiv cov thaiv uas muaj xim zoo ib yam thiab qauv, nws raug nquahu kom los rau hauv paus thiab saib cov khoom lag luam nrog koj tus kheej lub qhov muag, thiab tsis xaj xaj nyob deb;
• nug tus muag khoom kom muaj daim ntawv pov thawj zoo kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov cuav nyob ntawm koj xub ntiag - xws li cov ntaub ntawv hauv khw yuav tsum tau muab ntawm tus neeg thov kev thov;
• xyuas kom tseeb tias cov qhob aerated tau ntim tau zoo, tsis txhob yuav cov khoom yam tsis muaj zaj duab xis tiv thaiv, vim nws yuav raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm khoom xa tuaj.

Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj kom ua kom sibit nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes. Vim yog qhov pom ntawm cov qhob aerated, nws yooj yim dua los ua haujlwm nrog nws dua nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Kev teeb tsa nrawm kuj nce ntxiv, cov thaiv loj tau teeb nrawm dua li cov cib me me.

Koj tuaj yeem tsim tsev nyob hauv ob peb lub hlis, thiab lub tsev me me, piv txwv li, chav da dej, yuav siv sijhawm tsawg dua.

Kev thauj mus los ntawm cov qhob aerated tsis xav tau cov nqi hnyav. Cov khoom raug xa mus rau qhov chaw uas siv lub tsheb thauj khoom. Cov thaiv tuaj yeem thauj mus los thoob plaws thaj chaw ntawm lub tshuab nqa hluav taws xob lossis nqa tus kheej. Lawv muaj qhov tshwj xeeb qhov-tuav rau kev yooj yim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom tsis txhob poob cov khoom vim lawv tuaj yeem tawg lossis tawg vim lawv cov qauv tawg.

Thaum tsim tsev, chav da dej thiab chaw tso tsheb, cov phab ntsa txheem 200/300/600 hli feem ntau siv . Qhov ntim ntawm ib qho khoom lag luam yog 0, 036 m³, ntsig txog, koj tuaj yeem suav tus nqi ntws ib 1 m3. Qhov txiaj ntsig yuav yog tus lej 27, 78, uas yuav tsum tau muab sib npaug rau tus lej ze tshaj, vim li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj 28 lub pob.

Cov khoom raug xa los ntawm lub hoobkas hauv cov khoom seem. Ib qho ntxiv, tiv thaiv ntim khoom siv kom cov khoom tsis puas . Thaum yuav cov khoom thaiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account pes tsawg daim nyob hauv lub pallet, tus lej no yuav txawv. Piv txwv li, rau tus qauv loj ntawm 200/300/600 mm, xaiv tau rau 25, 40 lossis 50 daim.

Ua haujlwm nrog cov thaiv yuav tsis ua teeb meem, yog tias koj twb muaj kev paub dhau los ntawm kev ua cov cib, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus zoo ib yam . Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau thawj kab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntsuas lub kaum ntse ntse, tswj kev ntsug siv kab kab lossis qib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj qee qhov nuances uas tseem ceeb heev thaum tso sibit.

Siv cov nplaum tshwj xeeb . Nws tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv no, yog li ntawd, thaum thov, nws muab lub zog ua kom ruaj khov ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Ib qho kev zam tuaj yeem ua rau thawj kab, vim tias rwb thaiv tsev cua sov tau npaj ua ntej ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab cov thaiv tuaj yeem txuas nrog nws yam xyuam xim siv cov cement thiab cov tshuaj khib zeb.

Txheej txheem kom raug. Sibit tuaj yeem txiav, sawed thiab phiaj xwm, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov ntsiab lus ntxiv sai sai ntawm qhov chaw siv cov cuab yeej muaj . Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau laum qhov, xaiv qhov laum hla rauj rauj, vim nws tuaj yeem tsoo cov qauv ntxeem tau ntawm cov khoom.

Saib xyuas kev txiav txim . Tom qab tso thawj kab, koj yuav tsum tau tos ob peb teev thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd pib nrog qhov thib ob. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau kho nrog lub dav hlau tshwj xeeb kom nws dhau los ua ntxhib, tom qab ntawd cov kua nplaum yuav teeb tau zoo dua thiab cov nplaum yuav nce ntxiv. Kev txhawb zog yog ua tiav thaum plaub kab ua tiav. Hlau rods tau muab tso rau hauv qhov txiav grooves.

Xaiv qhov ntsuas kub zoo . Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua kev tsim kho kom sov, tab sis tsis yog lub sijhawm kub. Qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm yog los ntawm +5 txog +25 degrees. Yog tias qhov kub nce siab dua, cov blocks yuav tsum tau ua kom noo, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj no nws yuav tsum tau siv cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb uas tiv taus txias, txwv tsis pub cov qauv yuav tsis tuav.

Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tsev los ntawm sibit xav tau kev ua haujlwm tiav - ob sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm ya raws thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub hauv caug tsis txhaws qhov hws ntawm cov qhob aerated, nws yuav tsum ua pa dawb. Rau qhov no, huab cua me me sib txawv nyob ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsej muag txheej thiab phab ntsa.

Ua ntej siv cov plaster, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj ua ntej, nrog rau siv cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa, vim tias cov nplais ntawm cov pob zeb aerated nws tus kheej tsis muaj qhov ua tau zoo . Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tiav uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm nrog lub hauv paus ntawm tes. Ntxiv nrog rau plaster, cov xim tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siv tau.

Yog tias koj tsim lub tsev los ntawm Sibit raws li txhua lub thev naus laus zis, siv cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav zoo, tom qab ntawd cov qauv tuaj yeem sawv ntsug txog 100 xyoo lossis ntau dua.