DIY Paving Slabs: Thev Naus Laus Zis Tsim Khoom Hauv Tsev. Dab Tsi Los Ua Paving Pob Zeb Los Ntawm? Lub Proportions Ntawm Cov Muaj Pes Tsawg Leeg Rau Pouring

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Paving slabs yog cov khoom siv nrov rau kev npaj vaj hauv tsev, droshky hauv lub tebchaws lossis thaj chaw ze ntawm tsev ntiag tug. Koj tuaj yeem yuav nws, thiab kom txuag tau nyiaj, koj tuaj yeem ua nws tus kheej. Peb yuav qhia koj yam koj xav tau rau qhov no.

Yuav tsum muaj dab tsi?

Thaum tsim cov paving slabs hauv tsev, koj yuav xav tau cov khoom siv raw zoo thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.

Cov ntaub ntawv (kho kom raug)

Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cov cement. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm daws thiab ua tiav pob zeb paving yuav nyob ntawm nws. Thaum ua cov vuas, nws raug nquahu kom muab kev nyiam rau qib siab ntawm cov cement - yam tsawg M400. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog M500. Tus nqi siab dua, muaj zog dua qhov ua tiav cov khoom. Thaum siv cov cement qib M500, pob zeb paving yuav muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:

• tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias tshaj;
• lub zog;
• dej tsis kam

Nco tseg! Thaum siv cov cement pheej yig dua ntawm M300 hom, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem txuag nyiaj, vim qhov no nws qhov kev siv yuav nce ntxiv.

Cov khoom ntxiv kuj tseem xav tau hauv kev tsim cov vuas

1. Ntxhib muab tub lim . Nws tuaj yeem tsoo pob zeb, pebbles lossis slag - lawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg yuav tsum yog ntawm 3 txog 5 hli. Cov muab tub lim ua rau ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntus Qee zaum cov av nplaum nthuav dav siv los ua cov nplaum. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev siv yog qhov tsis xav tau, vim tias vim muaj qhov porosity siab ntawm cov khoom siv no, cov vuas tuaj yeem tawg hauv te.
2. Cov hmoov nplej zoo - sifted dej xuab zeb (tsis muaj cov khoom tsis zoo thiab av nplaum).
3. Dej . Zoo dua los siv cov dej haus ntawm chav sov lossis cov kua ua kua.
4. Yas yas . Hauv cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse, cov khoom ntxiv ntawd raug muag hauv cov hmoov lossis cov kua ua kua. Vim tias ntxiv cov yas yas rau cov tshuaj, kev siv cov cement thiab cov kua yuav txo qis, thiab qhov ntom ntawm cov tshuaj yuav nce ntxiv. Cov tshuaj ntxiv tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pob zeb paving (ua kom lub zog muaj zog, ua kom khov thiab tiv taus ya raws), tab sis kuj pab txhawb txoj kev sib xyaw cov cement ntau.
5. Dyes . Cov vuas luaj uas muaj xim yuav pab kho cov kab lossis cov platform nrog saj lossis kom haum rau lub tsev uas tau tsim. Txhawm rau muab qhov ntxoov ntxoo, cov xim tshwj xeeb rau kev daws teeb meem tau tsim. Nyob ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov xim ntxiv, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem ua lub teeb daj ntseg lossis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ci. Dyes muaj nyob rau hauv hom hmoov. Thaum siv lawv, yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke los npaj cov tshuaj ua haujlwm. Sib tov cov khoom xyaw los ntawm txhais tes yuav tsis faib cov xim sib npaug.
6. Lubrication . Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los pab txhawb kev tshem cov vuas tawm ntawm cov pwm. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov roj nplua nyeem tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, "Emulsol", "Lirossin" lossis siv cov roj av lossis cov roj zaub, tshuaj xab npum.

Cov neeg tsim khoom pom zoo ntxiv cov tawv tawv rau cov tshuaj - cov no yog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntxiv uas ua rau cov txheej txheem tawv thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm paving pob zeb tawg.

Khoom siv

Txhawm rau ua cov vuas nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj xav tau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke lossis cov khoom siv nrog lub taub ntim tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm chav no lossis chav nyob yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm txoj haujlwm. Hauv kev tsim cov paving pob zeb, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj lub rooj vibrating. Qhov kev teeb tsa xav tau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua cov qhob tov, tshem tawm cov huab cua ua npuas thiab sib npaug faib cov pawg hauv daim ntawv.

Kev co yuav ua rau cov pobzeb ruaj khov thiab nws lub ntsej muag du dua

Txhawm rau ua cov pob zeb hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav chav tsim khoom - koj tuaj yeem ua lub rooj vibrating koj tus kheej los ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws qub tab sis siv tau lossis los ntawm lub tshuab fais fab (lossis lwm yam khoom siv nrog lub cev muaj zog tsim nyog).

Txhawm rau sib tov cov tshuaj mortar, koj kuj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj:

• ntim (phiab lossis lub thoob loj);
• tsom iav nrog cov cim (rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov zas xim);
• trowel;
• xim txhuam rau lubricating pwm;
• cov ntaub ntawv

Ncuav cov pwm sib txawv hauv cov khoom siv ntawm kev tsim khoom, teeb tsa thiab tus nqi . Ntawm kev muag khoom muaj cov khoom ua los ntawm yas, roj hmab thiab polyurethane. Cov roj hmab tuaj pwm yog ib qho uas ruaj khov tshaj plaws, tiv taus txog 500 txoj kev nrum nrum. Cov yas tsis muaj kev ntseeg tau tsawg, lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus li 250 lub voj voog, thiab polyurethane - 100. Ntawm cov ntawv, cov khoom xav tau tshaj plaws thiab nrov tshaj plaws yog ua los ntawm yas. Lawv txawv los ntawm kev hnav tsis kam, rov ua kom zoo dua qub, ruaj khov, yog li ntawd lawv tsis deform thaum puv nrog tshuaj khib.

Txhawm rau txuag ntawm kev yuav daim ntawv npaj ua, lawv cov khoom tsim hauv tsev yuav pab . Rau cov laj thawj no, ntoo thaiv, plywood-resistant plywood lossis cov ntawv hlau nyias yog tsim nyog. Qee cov kws txawj ua haujlwm nyiam nchuav pob zeb rau hauv tais hauv tsev. Rau kev tsim cov vuas, ntau daim ntawv xav tau (tsawg kawg 20-30). Nrog ib tus lej me ntawm lawv, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yuav siv sijhawm ntev.

Yuav npaj cov tshuaj li cas?

Txhawm rau kom tau cov vuas zoo hauv kev npaj cov pob zeb ua ke, qhov sib npaug ntawm txhua qhov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ua raws.

Txhawm rau daws, koj yuav xav tau:

• muab tub lim (pob zeb tsoo, pob zeb) - 38 kg;
• xuab zeb - 18 kg;
• MAAs - 17 kg (M500 qib);
• yas yas - raws li cov lus qhia;
• dej - 9 liv.
• xim - nyob ntawm qhov xav tau xim 3-5% los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov cement

Kev sib xyaw suav nrog ntau theem. Cia peb xav txog lawv ib qib zuj zus:

• tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov xuab zeb, 2/3 ntawm cov pob zeb tawg thiab cov cement yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, tig lub cuab yeej rau sib xyaw cov khoom sib xyaw qhuav;
• dej, cov yas yas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub nruas (cov khoom yog ua ntej ua ntej diluted hauv dej sov kom txog thaum yaj tag) thiab cov khoom yuav tsum sib xyaw rau 1 feeb;
• tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau sau cov seem ntawm cov muab tub lim, xim thiab sib tov rau 1-2 feeb.

Nws raug tso cai sib xyaw cov pob zeb ua ke tsis pub dhau 3 teev. Hauv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog huab cua sov, cov dej noo yuav ntws tawm sai sai los ntawm cov tshuaj, ua rau cov tshuaj ua kom tuab. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom ntxiv cov dej tshiab los ua kom cov kua ntau ntxiv - hauv qhov no, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pob zeb yuav ua rau tsis zoo.

Yog li hais tias kev daws teeb meem tsis muaj sijhawm los ua kom tuab, nws raug pom zoo kom sib xyaw ua ke me me (qhov pom tau zoo ntawm kev npaj sib xyaw yog tsis pub dhau 20 feeb).

Pwm lubrication

Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, cov ntawv yuav tsum tau ntxuav - lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom me me thiab lwm yam kab mob paug, vim txhua yam no tuaj yeem ua rau kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom tiav. Kev siv xab npum los yog cov tshuaj ntxuav tais diav zoo li gel yuav pab tshem tawm cov roj.

Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom ua cov ntawv ua ntej, ua kom raug - tsuas yog ua ntej nchuav cov tshuaj cement . Koj yuav tsum faib cov khoom sib tov sib xyaw ua ke hauv ib txheej nyias nyias thoob plaws thaj tsam ntawm cov pwm kom tsis muaj thaj chaw kho tsis tau. Rau cov hom phiaj no, txhuam xim, daim txhuam cev lossis lub raj mis tsuag yog qhov tsim nyog. Thaum lubricating, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj txhuam txhuam txhuam nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov pwm.

Yuav ua li cas nchuav cov cement loj?

Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog molding. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua cov ntaub ntawv ntub nrog cov cement mortar los ntawm txhais tes siv cov spatula . Txhawm rau ua cov vuas xim koj tus kheej thiab tib lub sijhawm txuag xim, nws raug nquahu kom nchuav cov xim dawb ua ntej (kwv yees li 25% ntawm cov pwm ntim), thiab tom qab ntawd txho ib qho tsis muaj xim. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tuav lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm kev ntim ntawm 20 feeb. Txwv tsis pub, txheej xim thiab grey yuav tsis ua raws khov kho thiab tuaj yeem tawm mus.

Nias

Tom qab nchuav, cov pwm yuav tsum tau maj mam co thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub rooj vibrating. Lub sijhawm nias yog 2 txog 5 feeb . Qee zaum, thaum ua kom sib haum, qhov kev daws teeb meem "sits down". Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm cov cement mortar rau ntawm ntug ntawm cov pwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm nias, huab cua npuas raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov hnyav thiab zoo li lub ntsej muag, tsim ua npuas dej dawb . Nws qhov qis qis qhia tias nws yog lub sijhawm los ua kom tiav lub foob. Tsis txhob ntim cov cement loj rau ntev heev, txwv tsis pub nws yuav exfoliate.

Yog tias ob-xim paving pob zeb tau ua, cov tshuaj khib yuav tsum tau sib cog tom qab nchuav txhua txheej . Cov txheej thib ob tawv tsis pub dhau 2-3 feeb (qhov no, cov tsos ntawm ua npuas dej yog xaiv tau).

Kom qhuav

Cov ntawv nrog cov tshuaj khib yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm racks kom qhuav, thaum lub sijhawm cov dej noo ntau dhau los ntawm cov cement ntau. Lub sij hawm ziab nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog 2-3 hnub.

Cov txee yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv qhov chaw qhuav thiab qhov cua zoo uas tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm tshav ntuj ncaj qha . Thaum raug rau lub teeb hnyav, cov pob zeb paving yuav tawg.

Txhawm rau txo tus nqi ntawm cov dej noo, nws pom zoo kom muab cov yas qhwv rau saum cov pwm.

De-molding

Lo lus no hais txog kev tshem cov paving pob zeb los ntawm cov pwm. Muab cov pwm pov rau hauv dej kub (tsawg kawg 60 degrees) yuav ua kom yooj yim dua los tshem cov pobzeb . Thaum raug tshav kub, cov duab yuav nthuav dav, uas yuav ua rau cov khoom raug rub tawm yam tsis muaj daim tawv, tawg thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag.

Tom qab tshem cov paving pob zeb, nws yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ntawm lub khib rau lwm 7 hnub . Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom seem thiab qhuav rau lwm 30 hnub. Txwv tsis pub, pob zeb paving yuav tsis tau txais lub zog xav tau - lawv yuav tawg thiab tawg thaum nteg.

Dyeing

Kev ua kom tawv nqaij yuav pab ua kom cov pob zeb paving muaj xim. Lawv siv rau nws yog tias tsis siv xim thaum sib tov cov tshuaj cement. Los yog paving slabs ua npub thaum ua haujlwm. Siv cov xim tshwj xeeb yog txoj hauv kev nrawm thiab pheej yig kom ntxiv cov xim rau koj kev tsim kho vaj tsev . Ib qho ntxiv, vim los ntawm kev ua kom tsis zoo, lub plhaub tau tsim los tiv thaiv cov pob zeb paving los ntawm huab cua tsis zoo cuam tshuam (kev hloov pauv kub, nag lossis daus, cov av noo siab). Ua tsaug rau cov yam ntxwv no, lub neej ntawm cov nplais yog nce.

Tsuas muaj ib qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua kom yuag - xav tau kev rov ua xim ib ntus . Hauv qhov chaw uas tsis yooj yim sua, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ib zaug txhua 10 xyoo, thiab qhov twg muaj tsheb loj, nws yuav tsum tau pleev xim cov vuas ib zaug txhua 2-3 xyoos.

Ntau qhov kev sib xyaw tsim nyog rau tha xim

1. Roj hmab . Lawv cov yam ntxwv yog: siab elasticity thiab dej tsis kam. Cov xim pleev xim raws roj hmab tsim cov txheej txheej tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob lo rau ntawm txheej txheej uas tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, tiv tshav ntuj UV. Roj hmab xim tsis tawg thiab khaws qhov ci ntawm cov xim ntev. Cov formulations yog tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
2. Alkyd . Lawv tsim cov txheej kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj nyob saum npoo uas ntseeg tau zoo tiv thaiv cov pob zeb paving los ntawm cov khoom siv puas. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov tsw ntxhiab uas siv sij hawm ntev kom ploj mus.
3. Polyurethane . Xws li kev sib xyaw raug tso cai thov txawm tias nyob rau lub caij ntuj no.

Polyurethane cov xim qhuav sai, tsis tso cov tshuaj tsw qab muaj zog, tab sis sai sai ploj hauv tshav thiab ploj mus.

Kev pleev xim yuav tsum ua tiav thaum huab cua qhuav, tsis muaj cua . Kev tsim qauv feem ntau raug tso cai siv ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj +10 degrees (cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv tuaj yeem pom hauv cov khw muag khoom qhia).

Nws raug nquahu kom kho cov pob zeb paving nrog cov kua qaub ua ntej pleev xim . - nws yuav ua rau cov khoom ntxeem tau, yog li cov xim yuav nkag tau sai thiab yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv nws cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Yuav tsum tau npaj ua haujlwm suav nrog txo qis paving slabs, tshem cov khib nyiab thiab av los ntawm nws qhov chaw.

Cov menyuam pleev xim los txhuam yog tsim rau pleev xim . Cov xim twg yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog lub teeb kov, tab sis rubbed rau hauv pob zeb paving. Cov vuas yuav tsum pleev xim yam tsawg kawg 2-3 zaug. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los thov cov txheej txheem tom ntej tsuas yog tom qab yav tas los qhuav tag. Lub sij hawm qhuav yog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Cov lus qhia pab tau

Sab nrauv zoo nkauj paving slabs, ua los ntawm txhais tes, tej zaum yuav pib tawg sai sai. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov tshwm sim no, tab sis feem ntau ntawm lawv yog lub siab xav txuag nyiaj thiab ua txhaum txoj cai ntawm thev naus laus zis.

Nov yog qee cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig, kev coj ua uas yuav pab kom tau txais cov khoom zoo thiab pom kev zoo nkauj paving pob zeb

1. Kev siv cov xuab zeb zoo . Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag ntawm kev sib sau ua ke tsis txaus. Cov plhaub me me feem ntau pom hauv cov xuab zeb. Thaum nias, lawv khom ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov nplais thiab ua rau nws cov qauv puas. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, txawm tias pom thawj zaug, cov xuab zeb zoo yuav tsum tau sieved.
2. Ua tsis tau raws li qhov feem ntawm cov dej . "Gooey mov paj" - kev pom zoo sib xws ntawm cov cement slurry. Kev siv dej ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev tawg ntawm cov khoom, tsis txaus - rau kev tsim cov pores ntawm lub ntsej muag.
3. Kev siv cov khib nyiab roj rau lubricating pwm . Txhawm rau tiv thaiv sab nrauv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov xim dub, koj yuav tsum siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
4. Qhuav cov khoom deformed hauv huab cua kub . Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov vuas los ntawm kev tawg sai ntawm cov dej noo, nws raug nquahu kom ntub cov khoom tsis tu ncua.

Paving slabs yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv chav tsis muaj plua plav thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho, txij li cov plua plav txo cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv tiav . Kawm txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov cement ua ke, thev naus laus zis ntawm nws cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov lus pom zoo, koj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev tsim khoom ywj pheej ntawm paving slabs.