Portland MAAs M500 (27 Duab): GOST, Ntom Ntawm PC D0 Thiab D20 Thiab Lwm Yam Ntxwv, Yuav Khaws Li Cas

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Yuav luag txhua tus neeg tau muaj sijhawm nyob hauv lawv lub neej cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim kho. Qhov no tuaj yeem tsim lub hauv paus, tso cov vuas, lossis nchuav cov screed kom qib hauv pem teb. Peb hom haujlwm no suav nrog kev siv cov cement. Portland MAAs (PC) M500 tau txiav txim siab nws yam tsis hloov pauv thiab ruaj khov.

Sib xyaw

Nyob ntawm hom khoom, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cement kuj sib txawv, nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib xyaw. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, av nplaum thiab slaked txiv qaub yog sib xyaw, qhov sib tov ua kom sov. Qhov no tsim cov clinker, uas ntxiv cov gypsum lossis potassium sulfate. Kev qhia txog cov tshuaj ntxiv yog theem kawg ntawm kev npaj cov cement.

Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm PC M500 suav nrog cov oxides hauv qab no (raws li qhov feem pua txo qis):

• calcium;
• silicic;
• txhuas;
• hlau;
• magnesium;
• poov tshuaj.

Qhov kev thov rau M500 Portland MAAs tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov pob zeb clayey pib nws yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Lawv kuj tseem tiv taus ib puag ncig txhoj puab heev thiab xeb.

Yam ntxwv

PC M500 muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ua tau zoo. Raws li tau hais los saum no, nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus siab rau nws txoj kev ntseeg tau thiab ua tau ntev.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Portland MAAs:

• teeb tsa sai thiab tawv los ntawm 45 feeb tom qab siv;
• hloov mus txog 70 khov-thaw mus;
• muaj peev xwm tiv taus khoov mus txog 63 atmospheres;

• hygroscopic nthuav dav tsis ntau tshaj 10 hli;
• fineness ntawm kev sib tsoo yog 92%;
• lub zog sib zog ntawm qhov sib xyaw qhuav yog 59.9 MPa, uas yog 591 atmospheres.

Cov kev ceev ntawm MAAs yog ib tug tuav taw qhia uas hais tias tus zoo tshaj ntawm cov phau ntawv. Lub zog thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov qauv raug tsim nyob ntawm nws. Lub siab dua tej ceev, lub zoo dua cov voids yuav tau sau, uas nyob rau hauv lem yuav txo tau cov porosity ntawm cov khoom.

Qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntab ntab ntab ntawm 1100 txog 1600 kg rau ib cubic meter. m. Rau kev suav, tus nqi ntawm 1300 kg ib cubic meter yog siv. m. Qhov tseeb ceev ntawm lub PC yog 3000 - 3200 kg ib cubic Meter. m.

Lub txee lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cement M500 hauv hnab yog txog li ob lub hlis. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ntim feem ntau hais tias 12 lub hlis. Muab tias nws yuav muab khaws cia rau hauv chav qhuav, kaw hauv ib lub pob ntim (hnab ntim hauv polyethylene).

Tsis hais txog kev khaws cia li cas, cov yam ntxwv ntawm Portland cov cement yuav txo qis, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav nws "rau kev siv yav tom ntej." Cov cement tshiab zoo dua.

Npav

GOST 10178-85 sau hnub tim 1987-01-01 xav tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no ntawm lub ntim:

• hom, qhov no M500;
• tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv: D0, D5, D20.

Cov ntawv teev npe:

• PC (ШПЦ) - Portland cement (slag Portland cement);
• B - hardening ceev;
• PL - cov yas muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj qhov ua kom txias txias;
• H - Kev sib xyaw ua raws li GOST.

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 2004, lwm qhov GOST 31108-2003 tau qhia, uas thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2017 tau hloov los ntawm GOST 31108-2016, raws li cov kev faib tawm hauv qab no muaj:

• CEM I . - Portland xis mas;
• CEM II - Portland MAAs nrog cov ntxhia ntxiv;
• CEM III - slag portland MAAs;
• CEM IV - pozzolanic MAAs;
• CEEM V . - sib xyaw ua ke.

Cov tshuaj ntxiv uas cov cement yuav tsum muaj yog tswj hwm los ntawm GOST 24640-91.

Additives

Cov additives suav nrog hauv kev tsim cov cement tau muab faib ua peb hom:

• Ntxiv cov khoom sib xyaw … Lawv cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cement dej thiab tawv. Nyob rau hauv lem, lawv tau muab faib ua cov ntxhia thiab cov muab tub lim.
• Additives tswj cov khoom … Lub sijhawm teem, lub zog thiab kev siv dej ntawm cov cement yog nyob ntawm lawv.
• Cov cuab yeej siv ntxiv … Lawv cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem sib tsoo, tab sis tsis yog nws cov khoom.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv hauv PC yog cim los ntawm cim D0, D5 thiab D20. D0 yog qhov sib xyaw kom dawb uas muab cov tshuaj npaj thiab tawv nrog tiv taus kom kub thiab noo noo. D5 thiab D20 txhais tau tias muaj 5 thiab 20% cov tshuaj ntxiv, feem. Lawv pab txhawb kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kom ya raws thiab txias txias, nrog rau tiv taus xeb.

Cov tshuaj ntxiv txhim kho tus yam ntxwv txheej txheem ntawm Portland MAAs.

Daim ntawv thov

Qhov ntau ntawm kev thov ntawm PC M500 yog qhov dav heev.

Nws suav nrog:

• cov hauv paus monolithic, cov nplais thiab kab ntawm lub hauv paus txhawb;
• mortars rau plaster;
• cug rau cib thiab thaiv masonry;
• txoj kev tsim kho;

• kev tsim cov kev khiav ntawm tshav dav hlau;
• cov qauv hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov dej hauv av siab;
• cov txheej txheem xav tau kev nrawm nrawm;

• kev tsim kho choj;
• kev tsim kho tsheb ciav hlau;
• kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob.

Yog li, peb tuaj yeem hais tias Portland MAAs M500 yog cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb. Nws haum rau txhua hom kev tsim kho ua haujlwm.

Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los npaj cov cement mortar. 5 kg ntawm cov cement yuav xav tau los ntawm 0.7 txog 1.05 liv dej. Cov dej nyob ntawm qhov xav tau tuab ntawm cov tshuaj.

Kev faib ua feem ntawm cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb rau ntau hom kev tsim kho:

• cov qauv siv dag zog siab - 1: 2;
• Masonry mortars - 1: 4;
• lwm tus - 1: 5.

Thaum khaws cia, cov cement poob nws qhov zoo. Yog li, hauv 12 lub hlis nws tuaj yeem tig los ntawm cov khoom ua hmoov mus rau hauv pob zeb monolithic. Cov cement ua ke tsis haum rau kev npaj tshuaj khib.

Ntim thiab ntim khoom

Maas yog ua los ntawm qhov loj. Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tsim khoom, nws tau faib rau hauv cov yees uas kaw nrog lub tshuab ua kom muaj zog uas ua rau cov av nyob hauv huab cua qis. Muaj nws tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis pub ntev tshaj ob lub lis piam.

Ntxiv mus, raws li GOST, nws tau ntim rau hauv hnab ntawv uas tsis muaj ntau dua 51 kg ntawm qhov hnyav tag nrho. Lub peculiarity ntawm xws li lub hnab yog txheej polyethylene. Cement tau ntim rau hauv 25, 40 thiab 50 kg units.

Hnub ntim khoom yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub hnab. Thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm ntawv thiab txheej polyethylene yuav tsum dhau los ua kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ya raws.

Raws li tau hais ua ntej, cov cement yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv lub thawv ntim cua uas muab cov dej tsis haum. Qhov nruj ntawm pob yog vim qhov tseeb tias, thaum sib cuag nrog huab cua, cov cement tau nqus dej noo, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau nws cov khoom. Kev sib cuag ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab cov cement ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov cement yuav tsum khaws cia ntawm qhov kub txog 50 degrees Celsius. Lub ntim nrog cov cement yuav tsum tau muab pauv txhua txhua 2 lub hlis.

Lub tswv yim

• Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov cement tau ntim rau hauv hnab los ntawm 25 txog 50 kg. Tab sis lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab cov khoom siv ntau. Hauv qhov no, cov cement yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv los ntawm huab cua nag lossis daus thiab siv sai li sai tau.
• Maas yuav tsum tau yuav sai sai ua ntej kev tsim kho hauv cov khoom me me. Nco ntsoov them sai sai rau hnub tsim khoom thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub thawv.
• Tus nqi ntawm Portland MAAs M500 rau ib lub hnab ntawm 50 kg yog los ntawm 250 txog 280 rubles. Cov neeg muag khoom, nyeg, muab kev txo nqi hauv thaj av ntawm 5-8%, uas yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm kev yuav khoom.