Cement-sand Plaster: Ua Kom Tiav Cov Phab Ntsa Nrog Cov Cement-sand Mortar Thiab Cov Sib Xyaw Ntawm Cov Plaster Sib Xyaw Rau Sab Hauv Ua Haujlwm, Cov Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Cov Khoom &quo

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Daim ntawv thov ntawm plaster thoob ntiaj teb yog ib qib ntawm kev ua tiav thiab ua ntau txoj haujlwm. Plaster npog qhov tsis xws sab nrauv ntawm phab ntsa thiab qib saum npoo rau "ua tiav" tiav. Ua lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev ua tiav tom ntej, thiab tseem txo tus nqi, tso cai rau koj txo qis kev ua haujlwm thiab txwv koj tus kheej kom ua tiav yam tsawg kawg nkaus: kev pleev xim thiab pleev xim. Plaster txhim kho kev tiv thaiv dej ntawm cov nplaim dej thiab txhim kho cua sov thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa.

Daim ntawv thov thaj tsam

Cement-sand plaster yog siv rau cov haujlwm no:

• kho kom zoo nkauj vaj tsev;
• leveling phab ntsa hauv thaj chaw rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv (chav nrog cov av noo siab lossis tsis muaj cua sov);
• zais ntawm screeds thiab tawg ob sab hauv thiab sab pem hauv ntej;
• tshem tawm qhov ua tsis zoo ntawm qhov tseem ceeb.

Pros thiab cons

Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm plaster suav nrog cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

• siab zog;
• tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv kub;
• zoo heev ya raws kuj;
• kav ntev;
• zoo tiv taus te;

• nplaum zoo (nplaum) rau qee hom nto: pob zeb, cib, pob zeb, cinder block;
• cov qauv yooj yim ntawm kev daws teeb meem tso cai rau koj nrhiav txhua yam khoom tsim nyog hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse;
• them taus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum npaj cov tshuaj ntawm koj tus kheej.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov cement-sand plaster suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• ua haujlwm nrog kev daws teeb meem yog lub cev nyuaj thiab nkees, nws nyuaj rau qib qib thov;
• txheej tawv tawv yog qhov ntxhib heev, nws tsis haum rau kev pleev xim ncaj qha lossis gluing nyias daim ntawv tsis tas ua tiav;
• qhov chaw qhuav yog qhov nyuaj rau zom;

• nce qhov hnyav ntawm phab ntsa thiab, vim li ntawd, ua rau cov qauv hnyav dua, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tsev me me uas tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa muaj zog thiab lub hauv paus loj;
• tsis zoo adhesion rau ntoo thiab pleev xim rau qhov chaw;
• muaj zog shrinkage ntawm txheej yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog ob txheej ntawm kev ua kom tiav thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv txheej tuab dua 5 thiab tuab dua 30 hli.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv

Cov txheej txheem daws teeb meem muaj cov hauv qab no:

• MAAs, nyob ntawm hom khoom uas lub zog ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg sib txawv;
• xuab zeb - koj tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog ntxhib (0.5-2 hli) sifted dej lossis chaw txua txiag zeb;
• dej.

Thaum sib tov cov tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov sib piv, nrog rau siv cov khoom kom raug. Yog tias muaj cov xuab zeb me me dhau, qhov sib tov yuav teeb sai thiab nws lub zog yuav poob qis. Yog tias cov xuab zeb tsis tau siv tag nrho, tom qab ntawv cov khoom no tsuas tuaj yeem npog qhov tsis xws luag, thaum nws tsis tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm loj.

Thaum siv cov xuab zeb zoo, muaj feem ua rau tawg ntau ntxiv. Lub xub ntiag ntawm impurities nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm av nplaum lossis lub ntiaj teb txo lub zog ntawm txheej tawv tawv thiab ua rau muaj feem ntawm kev tawg. Yog tias qhov loj ntawm cov qoob loo loj dua 2 hli, qhov txheej ntawm txheej txheej khov yuav dhau ntxhib. Ib feem me me ntawm 2.5 mm lossis ntau dua tsuas yog siv rau kev ua cib thiab tsis haum rau kev ua haujlwm plaster.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Cov cement-sand sib xyaw muaj ntau tus lej tsis yooj yim uas txiav txim siab nws cov khoom.

Ceev Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb txiav txim siab lub zog thiab cov cua sov ua kom sov ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm cov plaster, yam tsis muaj qhov tsis huv thiab cov khoom ntxiv, muaj qhov ceev txog 1700 kg / m3. Xws li kev sib xyaw muaj lub zog txaus rau siv hauv kev ua haujlwm sab nrauv thiab sab hauv, nrog rau kev tsim cov screed hauv pem teb.

• Kev ua kom sov . Lub hauv paus pib muaj cov cua sov ua kom sov siab txog 0.9 W. Rau kev sib piv: cov tshuaj gypsum muaj peb zaug tsawg dua kev ua kom sov - 0.3 W.
• Dej ua pa permeability . Qhov ntsuas no cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm ntawm txheej txheej kom dhau cov cua sib xyaw. Vapor permeability tso cai ya raws nyob hauv cov khoom hauv qab txheej ntawm plaster kom qhuav, kom nws tsis ntub. Cement-sand mortar yog tus yam ntxwv ua pa ntawm 0, 11 txog 0, 14 mg / mhPa.

Ziab kom qhuav ntawm qhov sib tov . Lub sijhawm siv rau kev ua tiav yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas no, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov cement-sand plaster, uas ua rau muaj zog ntsws, thiab yog li ntawd tau thov ntau zaus. Thaum huab cua kub ntawm +15 txog + 25 ° C, ua kom qhuav ntawm txheej ob-millimeter yuav siv sijhawm li 12 txog 14 teev. Nrog nce txheej tuab, lub sijhawm tawv tawv kuj nce ntxiv.

Nws raug nquahu kom tos ib hnub tom qab thov txheej txheej kawg thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd ua tiav nrog kev ua tiav saum npoo ntxiv.

Sib tov noj

Kev noj ib txwm ntawm cov cement-sand mortar nrog cov qauv txheej txheem ntawm txheej 10 hli yog kwv yees li 17 kg / m2. Yog tias tau npaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav, qhov ntsuas no tau qhia rau ntawm pob.

Thaum tus kheej tsim cov tshuaj khib nrog kev sib xyaw noj ntawm 17 kg / m2 nrog txheej 1 cm, ib tus yuav tsum suav nrog kev haus dej ntawm 0.16 litres ib 1 kg ntawm cov khoom qhuav thiab sib piv ntawm cov cement rau cov xuab zeb 1: 4. Yog li, kom ua tiav 1 m2 ntawm qhov chaw, cov nyiaj hauv qab no yuav xav tau cov khoom xyaw: dej - 2.4 litres; MAAs - 2.9 kg; xuab zeb - 11.7 kg.

Kev npaj ua haujlwm saum npoo av

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev ua haujlwm plastering, phab ntsa yuav tsum xub npaj ua ntej. Nyob ntawm qhov tuab ntawm txheej txheej thov, hom kev ua haujlwm saum npoo av, ntxiv plaster ntxiv dag zog thiab lwm yam kev mob kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, cov hauv qab no tau ua:

Cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb tau thov rau phab ntsa hauv txheej nyias nyias, nws muaj cov nplaum zoo heev (nplaum rau cov khoom siv txheej), lub zog thiab yuav ua lub hauv paus rau plaster. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm txheej txheej, siv cov ntaub thaiv kab xev - kom cov npoo ntawm cov tawg uas nyob ib sab sib tshooj 100 hli. Tom qab ntawd, siv lub trowel notched, lub mesh yog qib thiab nias rau hauv daim ntawv thov nplaum. Cov txheej txheej qhuav yuav yog lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau cov cement-sandy plaster mortar

Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau cov plaster, siv cov mesh ntxiv. Nws txuas rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau, tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau txheej txheej tuab los yog muab cov plaster zoo rau ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov av nplaum. Xwb, siv xaim tuaj yeem siv tau. Nws tau qhwv ntawm cov ntsia hlau lossis ntsia hlau tsav mus rau hauv phab ntsa. Txoj hauv kev no pheej yig dua, tab sis kev siv zog ntau yog kim nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab siv zog. Sheathing feem ntau siv hauv thaj chaw me me, qhov uas nws muaj peev xwm npog tau ib cheeb tsam yam tsis txiav lub mesh muaj nws qhov zoo

• Cov nplaum ua ntej yog siv los ntxiv dag zog rau daim ntawv cog lus rau phab ntsa. Ua ntej thov nws, cov ntawv me me thiab cov nplais me me tau tsoo tawm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm siv lub tshuab ua kom tawg lossis txiav.
• Thaum siv cov txheej txheej tshiab rau saum cov uas twb muaj lawm, cov laus yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau los ntawm ua tib zoo tapping lawv nrog rauj. Cov tawg ua rau tawg tau raug tshem tawm, thiab cov kab noj hniav uas tsim los tau raug txhuam nrog txhuam los ntawm cov khoom me me.

Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv ua kom ntxeem tau, cov nplaim raug kho nrog cov tshuaj hydrophobic ua ntej ua cov yas. Qhov no yog ua kom txo qis nqus dej noo mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm cov tshuaj plaster, uas ua rau nws lub cev qhuav dej, ua kom tawv tawv thiab ua kom lub zog poob qis

Kev npaj cov tshuaj

Kev sib xyaw ua ke npaj tau yooj yim siv, nws raug nquahu kom yuav nws rau kev ua haujlwm me me. Tab sis yog tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum npog thaj tsam loj, qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi loj hlob mus rau qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Txhawm rau kev daws teeb meem kom tau raws li txhua tus qauv thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig xav tau, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov feem ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm no yog lub npe ntawm cov cement.

Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv rau plastering mortar:

• "200" - cement M300 yog tov nrog cov xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 1, M400 - 1: 2, M500 - 1: 3;
• "150" - cement M300 yog tov nrog cov xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 2.5, M400 - 1: 3, M500 - 1: 4;
• "100" - cement M300 yog tov nrog cov xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 3.5, M400 - 1: 4.5, M500 - 1: 5.5;
• "75" - cement M 300 yog sib xyaw nrog cov xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 4, M400 - 1: 5.5, M500 - 1: 7.

Txhawm rau sib tov cov cement-sand mortar, koj yuav tsum ua ntau txoj haujlwm:

• Sift cov xuab zeb txawm tias nws zoo li huv.
• Yog tias cov cement tau ci, nws tsis pom zoo siv nws, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm tias nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem sieved kom tshem tawm cov pob. Hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke, cov ntsiab lus xuab zeb raug txo los ntawm 25%.
• Ua ntej, xis mas thiab xuab zeb tau sib xyaw ua ke kom qhuav, tom qab ntawd lawv tau sib xyaw kom txog thaum sib tov sib xyaw ua kom tiav.

• Dej tau ntxiv rau hauv qhov me me, hauv nruab nrab, cov tshuaj tau sib xyaw kom huv.
• Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj ntxiv tau ntxiv - piv txwv li, cov yas yas.

Qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau zoo yog nws lub peev xwm khaws hauv daim ntawv swb yam tsis kis. Nws tseem yuav tsum nthuav tawm hla qhov chaw ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj teeb meem.

Cov txheej txheem thov phab ntsa

Kev thov kom raug ntawm qhov muab tshuaj txhuam ua raws li txhua qhov kev pom zoo yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom ua tiav kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum ua cov hauv qab no:

Ua ntej thov cov plaster, cov nplaim raug kho nrog cov primer - qhov no yuav ua rau muaj zog dua rau cov tshuaj khib. Tom qab ntawd phab ntsa raug tso cai kom qhuav

• Kev taw qhia beacons tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw, nrog rau hauv cov txheej txheem koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab thaj tsam ntawm lub dav hlau tsim. Lawv qhov siab tau teeb tsa raws qib, nyob hauv thaj tsam ntiav lawv tau hloov nrog cov dej ntub dej. Cov khoom siv rau lub teeb pom kev feem ntau yog cov hlau profile, tsau rau cov tshuaj khib los yog slats, lossis ntoo tuav ntawm tus kheej tapping screws. Qhov sib nrug ntawm cov beacons yog qhov ntev ntawm txoj cai qib rho tawm 10-20 cm.
• Txhawm rau thov txheej txheem txheej txheem (10 hli) ntawm plaster, siv lub trowel, tuab ib qho - pob tawb lossis lwm yam cuab yeej ntsuas.

• Ib txheej tshiab tau thov 1, 5-2 teev tom qab ua tiav ntawm ib qho dhau los. Nws tau thov los ntawm hauv qab mus rau saum, ua kom sib tshooj dhau los. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tsoo phab ntsa ua ntu ntu ntawm ib 'meter thiab ib nrab'. Ntxiv mus, cov plaster tau ncab thiab qib raws txoj cai. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev nias lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub beacons, nrog kev nce thiab hloov me ntsis mus rau sab laug thiab sab xis. Cov plaster ntau dhau raug tshem tawm nrog lub trowel.
• Thaum cov tshuaj khib tau teeb tsa, tab sis tseem tsis tau ua kom tawv, nws yog lub sijhawm rau grouting. Nws tau nqa tawm hauv cov lus tsa suab ncig nrog ntab hauv qhov chaw nrog qhov tsis xws luag, zawj lossis protrusions.
• Rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv, qhov ua kom khov kawg tshwm sim tsis pub dhau 4-7 hnub tom qab siv nyob rau hauv cov av ib txwm muaj. Rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov, lub sijhawm no nce ntxiv thiab tuaj yeem mus txog 2 lub lis piam.

Cov Lus Qhia dav dav

Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm plastering, nws tsim nyog delving rau hauv ntau yam subtleties, piv txwv li, daim ntawv thov tshuab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawg thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa sai, txheej tau ntub dej ib ntus nrog dej los ntawm lub raj mis tsuag lossis npog nrog zaj duab xis. Tsis tas li, yuav tsum tsis muaj cov ntawv sau, qhov kub yuav tsum tsis txhob nce lossis hloov pauv. Thaum cov kab tawg me me tshwm, ntxiv cov grouting ntawm thaj chaw muaj teeb meem.

Nws yog qhov tsis yooj yim siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nkhaus, qhov chaw so lossis thaum muaj ntau yam khoom uas cuam tshuam, piv txwv li, kav dej. Txog rau lub hom phiaj no, tus qauv tsim nyog tau tsim, thiab lub teeb beacons tau teeb tsa raws li nws qhov ntev ntawm qhov xav tau luv. Ib lub ces kaum yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov ces kaum; nws tuaj yeem yog lub Hoobkas lossis phau ntawv qhia.