PET Zaj Duab Xis: Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Lavsan Zaj Duab Xis PET-E, Metallized Mylar Zaj Duab Xis Thiab Lwm Yam, Lawv Cov Yam Ntxwv

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Lavsan ntim zaj duab xis yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuab los ntawm fluoroplastic. Cov khoom siv no tau dhau mus thoob plaws: hauv tshuaj lom neeg, kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, tshuaj thiab chaw muag tshuaj, ntsuas thiab tshuab siv tshuab. Lub npe raug cai rau hom ntaub yas polymer no yog PET zaj duab xis.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Ntawm qhov kev xaiv dav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom polymer, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) zaj duab xis yog qhov xav tau zoo. Hais txog nws lub cev thiab tus yam ntxwv ua haujlwm, nws zoo li plexiglass thiab polycarbonate, tab sis nrog kev ua tau zoo dua qub . Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov siv qee yam ntxiv. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm mylar zaj duab xis tau ua ke nrog tus nqi pheej yig thiab muaj peev xwm rov ua dua cov khoom siv. Txhua qhov no ua rau muaj kev xav tau zoo ib yam rau cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv ntau yam kev lag luam.

Polyethylene terephthalate yog ua los ntawm cov flakes lossis cov granules me me 3-4 hli.

Lawv tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam ib nrab rau kev ua tiav tom ntej lossis siv ua cov khoom tiav ., hauv qhov xwm txheej tom kawg, lawv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj molding (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, cov xov paj rwb), extrusion (zaj duab xis nyias) lossis txhaj tshuaj siab (ntim rau cov khoom lag luam hauv daim ntawv ua kua).

Vim yog kev qhia txog cov khoom sib ntxiv, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav qhov yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm qhov ua tiav ntawm cov khoom tiav thiab cov xim xav tau ., kho qhov ntsuas ntawm kev nruj thiab elasticity. Nws muaj peev xwm hloov pauv cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tiav los ntawm kev hloov pauv qib ua kom txias thiab cua sov ntawm thawj lub xeev amorphous thiab lub xeev crystalline uas tau tshwm sim thaum cua sov mus rau 80 degrees lossis ntau dua.

Yam ntxwv thiab khoom

Polyethylene terephthalate zaj duab xis tau tsim ua nruj raws li GOST 24234-80.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab mylar suav nrog:

• nce kev poob siab tsis kam ntawm qhov kub ntawm -75 txog + 150;
• kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv pib thaum kub los ntawm +300 degrees;
• inertness rau txhua pawg loj ntawm cov tshuaj;
• txo cov dej noo thiab cov pa permeability;
• muaj peev xwm pleev xim yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv xim hlau;
• elasticity ua ke nrog lub zog tensile siab;
• yooj yim ntawm cov xim luam ntawv ntawm tus tsiaj PET;
• kev siv cua sov tsawg thaum tsim cov khoom;
• qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv ntau hom kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab ua haujlwm.

PET zaj duab xis yog kaum zaug ntau dua thiab muaj zog dua nws cov polyethylene counterpart. Nws muaj qhov tsis muaj zog hygroscopicity thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob ruaj khov.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov cua sov ua kom sov ntawm cov khoom siv no nthuav tawm qee qhov teeb meem vim crystallization thiab shrinkage, uas ua rau cov khoom tawg yooj yim

Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm zaj duab xis, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv txav txo qis rau kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov tshuaj alkaline, yog li nws tsis tshua siv rau ntim cov xab npum kua, tshuaj zawv plaub hau thiab qee yam khoom lag luam uas muaj alkalis.

Hom kev txheeb xyuas

Ntau yam khoom siv zaj duab xis tau tsim los ntawm polyethylene terephthalate, uas tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv lawv cov qauv tsim thiab, raws li, hauv kev ua haujlwm yam ntxwv.

Ntim

Ntim sawv cev rau ntu tseem ceeb uas cov txheej txheej zaj duab xis tau pib qhia. Niaj hnub no, PET zaj duab xis tau siv rau cov ntaub ntawv rau tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj lom neeg hauv tsev, thiab pub mis. Nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm cov khoom, cov hom ntim ntim hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

BOPET - tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov ua rau siab tiv taus, qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov yas ntim tau yooj yim, yog li nws tau nquag siv rau ntim cov khoom khov thiab kua;

Tus tsiaj -G - siv hauv kev tsim cov ntawv me me;

UA-PET - vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb tiv taus rau kev cuam tshuam thiab cov cua sov ua ke nrog tawv, nws tau pom dav siv hauv kev tsim cov ntim cov ntim rau cov khoom khov.

Xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov thawv ntim ntau txheej tau nthuav dav, suav nrog peb txheej txheej zaj duab xis, txheej txheej duab los qhia, txheej txheej xim hlau thiab txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej.

Sab nraum, cov qauv no tseem tau npog nrog PET zaj duab xis.

Thaum tsim cov khoom ntim no, ntau txoj hauv kev siv tshuab feem ntau yog siv:

• coextrusion - lamination;
• lamination - extrusion, thiab lwm yam.

Hauv hom ntim khoom no, cov polymer ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, vim nws yog tus tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev xau thiab tsis zoo. Lavsan zaj duab xis tiv thaiv pob los ntawm cov kab mob microflora tau txais cov khoom tiav, los ntawm kev ua ntawm hluav taws xob ultraviolet, tshav kub thiab noo noo. Nws tau siv dav rau ntim cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov zaub mov thiab cov khoom qab zib fermented.

Ntau hom ntim tau tsim los ntawm PET zaj duab xis:

• ob tog - muaj ob txheej, sib txuas nrog lub xauv, txhua ntu muaj qhov tawm thiab nqes, rov ua dua cov duab ntawm cov ntim;
• quav hlwv - cuam tshuam nrog kev tso chaw ntawm lub hauv paus los ntawm cov duab los qhia lossis yas;
• tuba - cov tswv yim thiab thawj ntim, ntau yam zoo heev;
• tshem tawm pom kev zoo ib yam li lub thawv, pom zoo rau khaws cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, ntawv sau, khoom ua si thiab khoom plig;
• kev kho - tau siv rau ntim cov khoom lag luam;
• PET showcases -cov cuab yeej ua qauv qhia yooj yim thiab siv tau yooj yim, zoo tshaj plaws rau dai cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muag khoom.

Polygraphic

Cov khoom muaj cov qauv nruj, yog li nws feem ntau siv rau lamination sab nraum zoov. Pawg no suav nrog PET zaj duab xis hauv cov ntawv; nws tau siv los npog txhua yam khoom lag luam luam ntawv los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo.

Rwb thaiv tsev

Ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm mylar cov yeeb yaj kiab siv los tsim kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tshuab tsis tas yuav txo lawv cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm. Qee qhov qauv tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob.

Nws yog xim hlau

Cov yeeb yaj kiab no cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim kho.

Lawv sawv cev rau lub hauv paus polymer nyias nyias ntawm cov tuab tuab, nyob rau saum npoo uas siv cov hlau sib xyaw ntawm cov npib tsib xee, nyiaj, chromium lossis kub.

Cov yeeb yaj kiab feem ntau siv ntawm lub qhov rais yas-yas. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom lag luam tau dav siv los ua txheej txheej cua sov.

Cov ntawv thov

Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm kev thov mylar zaj duab xis:

• tsim cov fibers ntawm ntau hom (lavsan thiab lwm yam);
• tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm ntau hom (laminate, nqus tsev, ntsws, ntsws, polarizing, luam ntawv, ncab, holographic);
• kev tsim khoom ntim ob qho tib si hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv raws li kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntawv thiab ntau txheej txheej yas, thiab sib cais.

Ib qho kev qhia tshiab ntawm kev siv lavsan zaj duab xis tuaj yeem hu ua kev lag luam pib, qhov uas nws tau siv los npog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuab cua, cov laug hluav taws xob, lub cev pib lub cev, nrog rau cov txuas, twj thiab lwm yam.

Ua kom muaj zog thiab tsis sib xws ntawm cov tuab tuab thoob plaws saum npoo, nrog rau qis qis qis ntawm qhov kub siab, ua ke nrog cov nplaim taws, txiav txim siab qhov kev thov rau cov khoom lag luam raws li lub hauv paus rau zaj duab xis kab xev, duab thaij duab thiab kab xev kaw.

PET zaj duab xis tau siv hauv lub cav, hloov pauv thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov uas nws ua raws li cov cua sov uas tiv taus cua hauv cua. Xws li cov cable khaws nws txoj kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua, dej hiav txwv thiab av acidity siab.

Lavsan zaj duab xis yog qhov xav tau hauv kev tsim cov ntim, cov khoom siv dag, nrog rau cov log tsheb . Ntau yam khoom siv sib xyaw siv hauv tshuab khoos phis tawj yog ua los ntawm PET zaj duab xis.

Lavsan fibers tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam txawv teb chaws thiab Lavxias . Lawv ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov khoom siv polyester rau ntau lub hom phiaj: txhawb cov hlua thiab txoj siv tawv, ntaub ntaub thaiv kab mob, ntim kab xev, lub hnab cua hauv lub tsheb, cov ntaub npog hauv pem teb, cov ntaub gimbal, ntxiv rau geofabric thiab cov chij npog. Cov yeeb yaj kiab thermopackaging zoo tau siv los ntim cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab cov khoom lag luam tshuaj. Feem ntau, ntim rau tshuaj lom neeg hauv tsev kuj tseem ua los ntawm zaj duab xis polyester.

Ntau tshaj 80% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim PET yog tsim los ntawm cov granules.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm peb lub tebchaws, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom koom nrog tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab PET tau qhib rau xyoo 70s ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los. Ib qho yog nyob ntawm kev lag luam tub rog hauv Vladikavkaz, thiab qhov thib ob yog hauv Vladimir ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Vladimir Chemical Plant. Txawm li cas los xij, Russia tseem vam khom rau cov khoom siv raw.

Yog tias peb txiav txim siab thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam tag nrho, tom qab ntawd los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab siv, qhov loj tshaj "cov neeg ua si" yog cov lag luam hauv North America.

Txawm li cas los xij, hauv peb lub tebchaws, feem ntau yog European thiab Esxias cov khoom siv raw. Muaj qhov ntxim nyiam nthuav ntawm no. … Keeb kwm, qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws lavsan zaj duab xis cov chaw tsim khoom nyob hauv cov tebchaws Esxias . Cov ntu no tab tom txhim kho nquag tshaj plaws hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Nyiv thiab Is Nrias teb - nws yog cov nroj tsuag Khab uas tau nyob hauv cov thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab PET hauv Suav teb tau loj hlob sai, cov tuam txhab Suav tau los txog rau Indian raws li kev tsim khoom ntau, tab sis txog tam sim no cov khoom lag luam yuav luag tag nrho muag ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lawv lub tebchaws.

Tawm tsam qhov keeb kwm yav dhau los no, cov tuam txhab European tau poob qis dua . Tsuas yog ob peb lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm ntawm no, 2/3 ntawm tag nrho cov lag luam nyob sab Europe tau them los ntawm Mitsubishi (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) thiab Torey (Fabkis). Mylar PET-E Mylar poob qab lawv me ntsis los ntawm DuPont kev txhawj xeeb (Tebchaws Askiv, Luxembourg).

Ua

Ua tsaug rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis rau kev rov ua cov khoom yas, nws tau dhau los ua kom txo tus nqi ntawm PET zaj duab xis ntau lawm. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev thau khoom thiab tsoo ntawm cov ntim lavsan siv . Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom tawg tau dhau los ua ntu zus ntawm kev ntxuav los ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv thiab ntxuav, nws tau qhuav thiab mus txog theem tshem tawm. Cov flakes uas ua tau mus ncaj qha rau kev tsim khoom lossis yog granulated. Yog tias cov yas rov ua dua tshiab tau raug ntxuav kom huv, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj kev txwv.

Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tshwm sim yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yas: zaj duab xis dhau los ua tsis taus thiab tsis muaj pob tshab.

Tab sis nrog qhov no m txawm tias feem ntau cov khoom siv tau rov ua dua tshiab polymer tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov ntim khoom.

Cov ntsiab lus saum toj no, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias Niaj hnub no PET-based zaj duab xis cov khoom tau dhau los ua qhov khoom siv tsis tseem ceeb uas tau siv dav hauv kev cob qhia tsim khoom rau ntau lub hom phiaj . Txawm hais tias muaj kev xaiv dav ntawm cov khoom sib xws ua los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv polymeric, lavsan zaj duab xis yeej hauv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntim ntim vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb ua ke ntawm cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo. Kev yooj yim siv thiab ua haujlwm ntev ua ke nrog kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom siv - nws yog qhov tseem ceeb no uas tso cai rau nws siv dav rau qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam khoom noj.