Cov Xuab Zeb Ua Ke M200: Kev Sib Xyaw Thiab Sib Piv Ntawm M200 Hom. Dab Tsi Yog Kev Siv Cov Xuab Zeb Ua Vaj Tse Rau Kev Cib? Kev Qhia Tshwj Xeeb, Hnyav Thiab Ntom

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Cov xuab zeb ua vaj huam sib luag ntawm M200 yog cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke qhuav, uas tau tsim ua raws li cov cai thiab xav tau ntawm lub xeev tus qauv (GOST 28013-98). Vim nws qhov ua tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws haum rau ntau hom kev tsim kho ua haujlwm. Tab sis txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua yuam kev thiab lees paub qhov ua tau zoo, ua ntej npaj thiab siv cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsum kawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv hais txog M200 xuab zeb thiab nws cov khoom.

Peculiarities

Cov xuab zeb ua vaj tse M200 yog rau pawg ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab nruab nrab ntawm cov cement zoo tib yam thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Hauv daim ntawv qhuav, cov khoom siv no feem ntau siv rau kev tsim kho lossis kho ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam qauv . Pob zeb ua vaj yog qhov hnyav, siv tau yooj yim thiab sib xyaw yooj yim. Nws tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej kom zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov tsev ntawm cov av tsis ruaj khov. Ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom, cov khoom raug txiav txim siab yuav luag tsis hloov pauv thaum tsim cov pob zeb hauv av uas yuav raug rau qhov hnyav. Piv txwv li, tsheb chaw nres tsheb, hangars, tsev loj, kev lag luam thiab chaw khaws khoom lag luam.

Cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav muaj cov pob zeb tawg thiab cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntxiv, uas ua kom ntseeg tau kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov txheej txheem txhim kho thiab tiv thaiv kev nqaim txawm tias thaum tsim cov txheej tuab. Ib qho ntxiv, lub zog ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm kev ntxiv cov yas tshwj xeeb rau nws.

Nws tseem yuav pab ua kom cov khoom tiv taus kub tsawg thiab cov av noo siab.

Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ntau yam ntxiv ntxiv rau kev npaj ua kom sib xyaw ua rau cov khoom yooj yim dua rau kev tso, txhim kho nws zoo ib yam . Qhov tseem ceeb yog ua kom nws raug: nyob ntawm seb hom tshuaj ntxiv, yuav tsum tau ntxiv qee yam. Txwv tsis pub, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj, txawm tias pom kev zoo ib yam zoo ib yam. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov xim ntawm cov sib xyaw ua tiav: qhov no yooj yim rau kev ua raws li cov qauv tsim qauv daws teeb meem. Lawv hloov xim nrog kev pab los ntawm cov xim tshwj xeeb, uas ua rau cov khoom npaj rau kev ua haujlwm.

Cov xuab zeb ua ke M200 yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke uas haum rau ntau txoj haujlwm, tab sis nws muaj ob qho zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Qhov zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb ua vaj tsev:

• muaj tus nqi qis txheeb ze rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws;
• yooj yim los npaj ua haujlwm sib xyaw: rau qhov no koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau dilute nws nrog dej raws li cov lus qhia thiab sib tov kom huv si;
• tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab nyab xeeb rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, ua rau nws zoo rau kev ua haujlwm kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv;
• Qhuav sai: cov kev daws teeb meem no feem ntau siv thaum tsim kho sai yog qhov tsim nyog;
• rau lub sijhawm ntev khaws nws qhov qub tom qab tso: cov khoom tsis raug rau kev hloov pauv, tsim thiab nthuav tawm ntawm cov kab nrib pleb ntawm qhov chaw;
• nrog kev suav kom raug, nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ua kom siab ua haujlwm siab;
• tom qab ntxiv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntxiv rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav, cov khoom tiv taus tiv taus qhov kub tsawg (raws li cov qauv no, nws tshaj li cov chav kawm siab dua ntawm cov pob zeb);
• muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg;
• thaum kho cov phab ntsa thiab thaum tsim ntau yam txheej txheem phab ntsa nrog nws, nws pab txhim kho lub suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm chav;
• khaws nws cov txiaj ntsig qub nrog kev hloov pauv sai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob sab nraud thiab sab hauv tsev.

Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv, cov kws tshaj lij tawm ib lub ntim loj ntawm cov khoom: qhov hnyav tsawg kawg ntawm pob khoom ntawm kev muag khoom yog 25 lossis 50 kg, uas tsis yooj yim ib txwm ua kom tiav thiab rov ua haujlwm. Lwm qhov tsis zoo yog dej permeability, yog tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntxiv los npaj cov sib xyaw. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov sib piv thaum npaj qhov sib xyaw: qhov hnyav ntawm cov dej hauv cov tshuaj tiav yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 20 feem pua.

Txhawm rau txhim kho txhua tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, nws ib txwm pom zoo kom ntxiv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov xuab zeb ua kua tov.

Lawv tau nce qhov ntsuas ntawm cov yas, tiv taus te, tiv thaiv kev tsim thiab rov tsim dua ntawm ntau yam kab mob me me (kab mob los yog pwm) hauv cov khoom siv, thiab tiv thaiv kev xeb ntawm qhov chaw.

Txhawm rau siv cov xuab zeb ua M200, tsis muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev txawj tshwj xeeb . Txhua txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm nws tus kheej, yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb. Nws tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nruj me ntsis ua raws cov lus qhia ntawm kev npaj ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab kev npaj saum npoo qhia hauv pob. Tsis tas li, ntawm daim ntawv lo, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom feem ntau tseem tawm tswv yim rau kev ua txhua yam haujlwm tseem ceeb uas siv M200 xuab zeb tuaj yeem siv.

Sib xyaw

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb ua ke M200 raug tswj nruj nruj los ntawm cov cai ntawm lub xeev tus qauv (GOST 31357-2007), yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov khoom tsuas yog los ntawm cov tuam txhab ntseeg uas ua raws li qhov xav tau. Kev raug cai, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem hloov qee qhov kev sib xyaw los txhim kho tus lej ntawm cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom, tab sis cov khoom tseem ceeb, ntxiv rau lawv cov ntim thiab cov ntsuas, ib txwm tsis hloov pauv.

Cov khoom hauv qab no mus muag:

• plaster;
• silicate;
• xis mas;
• ntom;
• ntxeem tau;
• ntxhib-grained;
• nplua-grained;
• hnyav;
• hnav.

Nov yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm M200 xuab zeb:

• hydraulic phau ntawv (Portland MAAs M400);
• dej xuab zeb ntawm cov feem sib txawv yav tas los tau ntxuav cov khoom tsis huv thiab tsis huv;
• nplua zeb zeb;
• qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej huv.

Tsis tas li, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov sib xyaw qhuav, raws li txoj cai, suav nrog ntau yam ntxiv ntxiv thiab ntxiv rau. Lawv hom thiab tus lej tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb, vim tias cov koom haum sib txawv yuav muaj qhov sib txawv me me.

Cov tshuaj ntxiv suav nrog cov tshuaj txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev ywj pheej (cov yas yas), cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tswj hwm cov pob zeb ua kom tawv, nws qhov ntom ntom, tiv taus te, dej tsis kam, tiv taus kev puas tsuaj thiab kev ua haujlwm hnyav.

Yam ntxwv

Txhua qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov xuab zeb qhob qib M200 raug tswj nruj nruj los ntawm lub xeev tus qauv (GOST 7473), thiab lawv yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim qauv thiab suav suav. Lub zog sib zog ntawm cov khoom siv yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, uas tau qhia los ntawm tsab ntawv M hauv nws lub npe. Rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb, nws yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 200 kg ib square centimeter. Lwm qhov ntsuas ntsuas tau nthuav tawm hauv qhov nruab nrab, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv ib feem nyob ntawm seb hom tshuaj ntxiv siv los ntawm cov khw thiab lawv cov nyiaj.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm M200 xuab zeb ua vaj tsev:

• cov khoom muaj lub zog ntawm chav kawm B15;
• qib ntawm te tiv taus ntawm cov xuab zeb ua vaj tse - los ntawm 35 txog 150 mus;
• ntsuas dej permeability - hauv thaj tsam ntawm W6;
• qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov tsis kam mus rau khoov - 6, 8 MPa;
• lub zog siab tshaj plaws yog 300 kg ib cm2.

Lub sijhawm nyob rau lub sijhawm uas cov tshuaj npaj tau npaj tau npaj siv rau thaj tsam li 60 txog 180 feeb, nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig. Tom qab ntawd, los ntawm nws qhov sib xws, kev daws teeb meem tseem tsim nyog rau qee hom haujlwm, tab sis nws cov khoom siv yooj yim twb tau pib poob lawm, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom raug txo qis.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm txhua qhov kev paub ntawm cov khoom tom qab nws tso hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav txawv . Qhov no yuav yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas kub uas cov xuab zeb ua kom tawv. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov kub ib puag ncig ze rau xoom degrees, tom qab ntawd lub foob thawj zaug yuav pib tshwm sim hauv 6-10 teev, thiab nws yuav ua tiav tas li ntawm 20 teev.

Ntawm 20 degrees siab dua xoom, thawj qhov tshwm sim yuav tshwm sim hauv ob txog peb teev, thiab qee qhov nyob hauv lwm teev, cov khoom yuav tawv dua.

Kev faib ua vaj huam sib luag ib m3

Qhov kev suav meej ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm kev npaj cov tshuaj yuav nyob ntawm seb hom haujlwm ua tiav. Kev txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv tsev nruab nrab, tom qab ntawd ib cubic meter ntawm cov pob zeb ua tiav yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom hauv qab no:

• phau ntawv Portland MAAs hom M400 - 270 kg;
• ua kom zoo cov dej xuab zeb ntawm cov nplua lossis nruab nrab - 860 kg;
• pob zeb zoo crushed - 1000 kg;
• dej - 180 litres;
• cov tshuaj ntxiv thiab tshuaj ntxiv (lawv hom yuav nyob ntawm qhov xav tau rau kev daws teeb meem) - 4-5 kg.

Thaum ua tiav qhov ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kom yooj yim ntawm kev suav, koj tuaj yeem siv tus qauv tsim nyog ntawm kev faib ua feem:

• Portland cement - ib feem;
• dej xuab zeb - ob ntu;
• crushed pob zeb - 5 qhov chaw;
• dej - ib nrab ntawm ib feem;
• additives thiab additives - txog 0.2% ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj tov.

Ntawd yog, yog tias, piv txwv li, kev daws teeb meem yog kneaded hauv qhov nruab nrab qhov sib xyaw ua vaj tse, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau sau nws nrog:

• 1 thoob ntawm cov cement;
• 2 thoob ntawm cov xuab zeb;
• 5 pob ntawm pob zeb tawg;
• ib nrab thoob dej;
• kwv yees li 20-30 grams ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv.

Lub voos xwmfab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiav ua tiav hnyav txog 2.5 tons (2.432 kg).

Noj

Kev siv cov khoom siv npaj los ua haujlwm feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kho, nws qib, qhov sib npaug ntawm lub hauv paus, nrog rau cov feem ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov muab tub lim siv. Feem ntau, qhov kev siv ntau tshaj yog 1.9 kg ib square meter, muab tias txheej tuab ntawm 1 mm yog tsim . Qhov nruab nrab, ib pob 50 kg ntawm cov khoom siv yog txaus los ua ib lub ntsej muag nyias nrog thaj tsam li 2-2.5 square metres. Yog tias lub hauv paus tau npaj rau cov cua sov hauv qab, tom qab ntawd kev siv cov sib xyaw qhuav nce ntxiv txog ib thiab ib nrab rau ob zaug.

Kev siv cov khoom siv los ua cov cib yuav nyob ntawm seb hom thiab qhov loj ntawm pob zeb siv . Yog tias siv cov cib loj, tom qab ntawd cov xuab zeb tsawg dua yuav sib xyaw. Qhov nruab nrab, cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm pom zoo ua raws li cov hauv qab no: rau ib square meter ntawm kev ua cov cib, tsawg kawg 0.22 square metres ntawm cov xuab zeb ua tiav ua tiav yuav tsum mus.

Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov

Cov xuab zeb ua ke ntawm M200 hom muaj qhov pom kev zoo tshaj plaws, muab qhov me me ntsws thiab qhuav sai, yog li nws tau siv rau ntau yam ntawm ntau yam kev tsim kho ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov zoo rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, kev tsim kho qis, txhua hom kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm. Nws feem ntau yog siv hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab chaw ua haujlwm hauv tsev.

Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm kev thov cov xuab zeb ua vaj tsev:

• kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv uas xav tau kev thauj khoom hnyav;
• txhim kho phab ntsa, lwm yam txheej txheem ua los ntawm cov cib thiab ntau lub tsev thaiv;
• kaw qhov khoob loj lossis tawg;
• nchuav av screed thiab lub hauv paus;
• kev sib koom ntawm ntau qhov chaw: hauv pem teb, phab ntsa, qab nthab;
• npaj cov screed rau cov cua sov hauv qab;
• kev npaj neeg taug kev lossis taug kev hauv vaj;
• sau cov kab ntsug uas muaj qhov siab qis;
• rov ua hauj lwm.

Muab cov pob zeb npaj txhij ua haujlwm tov rau hauv txheej nyias lossis tuab ntawm ob qho tib si kab rov tav thiab ntsug . Kev sib xyaw ua ke tau zoo ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov qauv, nrog rau kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg tau thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov tsev uas tau tsim.