Cov Khoom Sib Xyaw Ua Kom Rov Zoo: Cov Av Nplaum-chamotte Rau Lub Qhov Cub Thiab Lub Qhov Cub, Rau Cov Masonry Thiab Plaster, Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Tshav Kub "BoRoss", &qu

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Av nplaum-fireclay thiab cement-lime, nrog rau lwm yam kev sib xyaw ua kom tsis haum rau lub qhov cub thiab lub qhov cub, rau cov masonry thiab plaster tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Lawv txawv txav los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem qub, uas tawg thaum qhov kub ua haujlwm nce, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog qhov chaw qhib hluav taws. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua kom sov-tiv taus "Alaks", "BoRoss" thiab lwm yam siv los ntawm cov neeg ua lub qhov cub thiab cov neeg tsim khoom yuav pab xaiv qhov tsim nyog xaiv rau lub qhov cub lossis qhov cub.

Peculiarities

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev sib xyaw refractory cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau nws lub hom phiaj. Cov tshuaj qhuav hauv pawg no yuav tiv taus qhov kub nce ntxiv . Lawv yooj yim los npaj, ntsuas hauv ib qho piv txwv. Lub hauv paus ntawm feem ntau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog av nplaum - cov khoom siv uas haum rau siv hauv qhov cub thiab qhov cub ntau dua li Portland MAAs. Ib qho ntxiv, cov qauv no muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

• siab zog;
• huab cua tsis kam;
• kev pab lub neej ntev;
• zoo adhesion rau txawv qhov chaw;
• lom lom;
• impermeability rau cov khoom siv roj;
• tsis muaj hmoov av tsim.

Refractory sib tov yog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Ua ntej siv, lawv yuav tsum tau sib xyaw nrog dej, ntxiv cov khoom sib xws ua lub luag haujlwm thiab sib xws, thiab coj lawv mus rau qhov muab ceev. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom rov qab yog cib tso rau hauv qhov cub thiab qhov cub.

Kev piav qhia ntawm hom

Txhua qhov sib xyaw ua kom tsis zoo uas tau nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv tiav feem ntau muab faib ua pawg raws li lawv tus yam ntxwv, lub hom phiaj thiab kev muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Raws li lawv lub hom phiaj, lawv tuaj yeem yog cov hom no

1. Rau tso ncu . Rau lub qhov cub, tandoor thiab Lavxias lub foob pob hluav taws, cov av nplaum tshwj xeeb tau siv, nrog rau kev sib xyaw raws li lawv. Kev sib xyaw ua tiav feem ntau yog hu ua cug lossis chamotte, muaj cov qauv sib xyaw nrog cib. Xws li lub qhov cub sib xyaw ua ke tsis xav tau kev npaj nyuaj, nws tsis qhuav tawm, tab sis ci thaum ua kom sov, tau txais lub zog.
2. Rau plastering . Kev sib xyaw sab nraum zoov tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev ua kom tiav thiab txheej lub qhov cub. Cov cua sov uas tiv taus cov cua sov ua haujlwm yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau kev tso cov pa roj carbon monoxide, muab cov nplaum zoo rau cov cib.
3. Rau nteg cib nyob rau hauv chimneys . Ib qho av nplaum tsis zoo ntawm no. Qhov sib xyaw rau cov pa taws yog dawb, ua los ntawm cov kua qaub thiab gypsum. Hws tsis ua rau nws.
4. Rau lub hauv paus rauv taws . Ntawm no, cov tshuaj mortars nrog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cement tau siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias muaj lub nra hnyav ntawm lub hauv paus.
5. Muaj . Rau lub tshuab ua kom sov, rau lub rhaub dej kub thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm cua sov mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws, hom thiab qib ntawm cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov raug. Piv txwv li, qib tshuaj chamotte qib siab tsis ntshai cua sov mus txog qhov kub ntawm +2000 degrees. Cov sib xyaw zoo li no yuav muaj coke thiab graphite.

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj tseem ceeb heev. Feem ntau siv cov khoom siv av nplaum … Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv hloov pauv tus qauv ntawm kev daws, cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm nws cov tawv thiab lwm yam ntxwv. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntau yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub qhov cub, lub qhov cub, tab sis tso cai rau koj tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo uas ib hom khoom tshwj xeeb muaj.

Ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, feem ntau yog cov hauv qab no

Av nplaum

Lawv suav txog li 80% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hauv khw tsim khoom. Cov kev daws teeb meem yooj yim tsuas yog av nplaum thiab xuab zeb sib xyaw nrog dej . Refractoriness yog qhov siab heev, cov masonry tuaj yeem tiv taus cua sov txog +1100 degrees.

Txiv qaub

Lawv tau siv nyob qhov twg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, thiab cua sov tsis tshaj +500 degrees. Txhawm rau kom nrawm dua, lawv tau ntxiv nrog plaster. Kev sib xyaw ntawm hom no yog siv hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub khob noom cookie uas tuav lub masonry ntawm cov nplaim taws thiab cov kav dej ua ke. Thaum tsim cov kev daws teeb meem no, siv cov kua qaub thiab cov xuab zeb ua kom sov.

Av nplaum-fireclay

Kev kho cua sov thiab tsoo rau hauv cov hmoov, xws li cov sib xyaw yog ze tshaj plaws hauv kev sib xyaw rau cov nplaim hluav taws. Yog vim li cas lawv tau txiav txim siab qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua masonry siv nws.

Cement-txiv qaub

Muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog cov refractoriness tsawg. Haum rau cua sov tsis siab tshaj +250 degrees. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tau thaum tso lub hauv paus rauv, lawv tawv tawv sai.

Maas-fireclay

Lawv pom tau zoo hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj lub zog siab, tawv tawv sai, thiab tsim cov cua sov uas tiv taus. Cov sib xyaw zoo li no tau siv dav hauv kev tso tawm lub thawv hluav taws ntawm cov qhov cub hauv tsev.

Kev xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog ncaj qha nyob ntawm nws lub hom phiaj, xwm txheej ntawm kev siv, lub zog xav tau thiab qib ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab.

Nrov manufacturers

Ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, cov khoom lag luam hauv zos yeej ntawm Russia kev ua lag luam. Ntawm cov thawj coj yog cov tuam txhab uas twb tau tsim lawv tus kheej ua cov khoom lag luam txhim khu kev qha. Thaum xaiv cov txheej txheem qhuav, cov npe hauv qab no yuav tsum yog qhov zoo dua.

BoRoss . Cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov sib xyaw no nyob hauv lub nroog Borovichi, cheeb tsam Novgorod. Qhov ntau ntawm cov nroj tsuag cov khoom suav nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ua masonry rau lub qhov cub thiab lub qhov cub, cov av nplaum ua kom sov, cov yas yas ntau heev, thiab cov kaolin fireclay hmoov. Cov khoom tau ntim rau hauv hnab ntawm 5 thiab 25 kg.

" Alax" ua . Lub tuam txhab tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li lub teeb hluav taws hnyav. Kev tiv thaiv tshav kub nce mus txog +1400 degrees. Qhov tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm lub hom yog kev tsim vaj tsev.

" Hermes ". Ib qho ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua hluav taws xob nyob hauv Terracott hom ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam Podolsk ntawm cheeb tsam Moscow. Nyob rau hauv cov npe no, tsis yog tsuas yog cov sib tov sib xyaw lawv tus kheej tau tsim, tab sis kuj tseem txheej cov ntaub ntawv - kev txawj ntse hauv pob ntawm 1, 5, 5 thiab 9 kg. Cov xoob xoob muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov av nplaum-chamotte hmoov rau masonry, kho cov qhov cub thiab qhov cub.

" Tiag ". Chaw tsim tshuaj paus - Remix tuam txhab. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua kom tsis haum tshwj xeeb yog tsim rau qhov cub masonry. Cov khoom suav nrog cov sib xyaw rau kev ua tiav sab nrauv.

" Pyramid ". Lub tuam txhab tsim feem ntau sib xyaw ntawm cov cement-sand puag. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom tsis zoo hauv nws qhov ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm cov hmoov qhuav rau lub qhov cub masonry, suav nrog aluminosilicate cug thiab chamotte av nplaum.

Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom tsis haum rau siv hauv tsev feem ntau tau ntim rau hauv hnab 20 thiab 50 kg. Rau kev ua tiav cov masonry ntawm cov nplai kev lag luam, pob khoom txog 1 tuj lossis ntau dua tau tsim.

Yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom sov?

Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom rov qab tau npaj los rau hauv qee qhov kev pom zoo. Lawv yuav tsum tau diluted raws li cov lus qhia, ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua yam ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ib homogeneous loj, yas txaus, khov . Nws tsis tuaj yeem lees txais siv qhov sib xyaw ua kom sov-tiv taus, uas exfoliates, tawg, kis thaum siv. Qhov zoo tshaj qhov tuab ntawm cov pob qij txha thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa yuav tsum yog 1-3 hli.

Lub sijhawm ziab ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab feem ntau nyob ntawm lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg . Nws muaj peev xwm ua kom sib tov sib xyaw kom raug, suav nrog qhov loj ntawm cov feem. Nrog cov kab nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsis ntau tshaj 1 hli, cov xuab zeb tau sib xyaw nrog av nplaum hauv 1: 1 piv. Muab cov khoom sib xyaw kom huv tuaj yeem siv tau thaum npaj cov qhov cub thiab qhov cub. Cov av qhuav thiab tau txais lub zog nyob hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub siab. Kev siv cov tshuaj ntxiv hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov cement lossis ntsev yog qhov tsis xav tau, tab sis yog tias tsim nyog, qhov ntim ntawm qhov tsis huv tsis ntau tshaj 1/10 ntawm tag nrho cov ntim.

Ua kom cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua kom zoo nkauj yog yooj yim heev. Nws txaus los ua raws li cov lus qhia.

1. Cov av nplaum tau nchuav rau hauv lub khob, ntim nrog dej. Nplooj rau 5-48 teev, nplawm qee zaus.
2. Dej ntxiv rau cov av nplaum. Qhov ntim ib txwm muaj txog li 25% ntawm qhov ntim muaj.
3. Noob cov noob tau qhia.
4. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog sib xyaw kom huv.
5. Txheeb xyuas kev npaj tau yooj yim: qhov sib tov yuav tsum maj mam txav tawm ntawm lub lauj tshis lossis tus duav.

Thaum ua haujlwm nrog masonry cug nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau qee qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsis pub leej twg paub rau tus tswv. Ntawm cov lus pom zoo tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum pib tsim lub qhov cub, qhov cub, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no.

1. Tsis txhob siv cov av nplaum chimney classic. Kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav ua rau tawg. Ntawm no, cov sib xyaw ua ke raws cov kua txiv qaub ib txwm siv, qee zaum nrog ntxiv ntawm gypsum rau nrawm nrawm.
2. Saib xyuas lub sijhawm pom zoo ua ntej qhov hluav taws kub thawj zaug. Ua txhaum txoj cai no, koj tuaj yeem ntsib kev sib tsoo ntawm cov masonry, nws tawg.
3. Lub hauv paus yog nteg tawm siv cov cement-lime lossis lime lime.
4. Lub tshuab ua cua sov lub cev tsuas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom tsis haum rau cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Kev xaiv tiv tshav kub thiab tiv tshav kub tsis haum rau ntawm no.
5. Nws raug nquahu kom ua haujlwm nrog masonry sib tov tsuas yog ntawm huab cua sov tsis qis dua +10 degrees Celsius.
6. Cov dej tawv yuav tsum tau tswj. Nrog tus nqi siab, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv kev npaj masonry mortars.
7. Them xim rau cov xuab zeb. Daj tsis haum rau kev npaj cov kev daws teeb meem uas siv hauv kev tsim lub foob pob hluav taws. Dawb - thoob ntiaj teb, tsis muaj kev txwv rau kev siv.

Thaum tsis muaj kev paub dhau los hauv kev npaj daws teeb meem, nws tsim nyog yuav cov khoom siv npaj ua, uas twb muaj tag nrho cov khoom xyaw tsim nyog . Nws yog txaus kom dilute xws li refractory sib tov nrog dej.