Lub Sam Thiaj Sam Thiaj: Hlau Thiab Lwm Yam. Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Rwb Thaiv Tsev Thiab Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj, Cladding Sab Hauv Thiab Sab Nraum, Ntxiv Dag Zog Rau Sam Thiaj Parapets

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-15 04:12

Lub sam thiaj railing, los yog parapet, yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog tias nws ruaj khov nws puas tuaj yeem txhim kho, ci, tiv thaiv thiab ua tiav lub sam thiaj. Parapets nyob rau hauv qhov tsis zoo yog txoj sia. Yog li ntawd, nws zoo dua kom lawv nyob hauv qhov zoo, uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm kev kho tas li.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Lub sam thiaj parapet yog cov qauv tiv thaiv. Raws li txoj cai, nws npog tag nrho ib puag ncig ntawm lub sam thiaj lossis loggia. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub laj kab yog tiv thaiv, yog li tus neeg xav tias nyab xeeb hauv qhov chaw qhib ntawm qhov siab . Ib qho ntxiv, cov qauv no kuj yog ib feem ntawm cov qauv vaj tsev thiab nqa cov khoom zoo nkauj. Sij hawm dhau mus, ib qho parapet xav tau ntxiv dag zog thiab kho. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov phiaj xwm suav nrog glazing ntawm qhov chaw sam thiaj, vim tias lub laj kab qub yuav yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem tiv qhov hnyav ntawm ob-glazed qhov rais. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws thaum lub parapet yog ncaj, tiaj tus, ruaj thiab hnyav.

Feem ntau, tus txheej txheem qhov siab ntawm lub parapet yog ib meter . Ntxiv mus, tus nqi yam tsawg kawg ntawm qhov ntsuas no yog 0.8 meters. Qhov siab ntawm laj kab qis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev dag ntxias lossis txawm tias poob. Raws li rau qhov tuab ntawm cov qauv, nws nyob ntawm cov khoom xaiv.

Cov laj kab hlau tau txiav txim siab tias nyias nyias, thiab aerated qhob blocks tau suav tias yog qhov dav tshaj plaws.

Ntau yam

Ua ntej glazing lub loggia, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog hom parapets. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm tias lub sam thiaj twb muaj lub laj kab, tsis muaj leej twg cuam tshuam los hloov nws nrog lwm qhov, haum dua lossis nyiam ib qho.

Nws yog xim hlau . Lub sam thiaj uas nrov tshaj plaws yog ua los ntawm cov hlau. Qhov kev xaiv no tuaj yeem pom ntawm txhua lub tsev uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm Soviet. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias txawm niaj hnub no nws nquag siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev tsev thiab tsev ntiag tug. Yog li ntawd qhov zoo li tsis zoo li tho txawv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom forged.

Pob zeb . Cov laj kab laj kab rau lub sam thiaj ua los ntawm pob zeb tau ua, raws li txoj cai, nrog kev koom tes ntawm tus tsim qauv lossis tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev tsim qauv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub sam thiaj slab tuaj yeem tiv taus.

Cib . Cov cib version kuj tau ua ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis nws muaj ntau dua li pob zeb ib. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas kev nteg tau ua tiav kom raug, thiab sab nrauv ntawm lub parapet tau tas li tso rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias hom no yog ib qho yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntau txoj hauv kev.

Qhob . Lub laj kab sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ua pob zeb yog qhov kev xaiv ruaj khov thiab haum. Cov phaj zoo li no txuas nrog ib leeg siv vuam vias lossis hlau txuas. Ntawm qhov zoo, nws tsim nyog sau cia kom zoo nkauj.

Ua npuas ncauj ua vaj tsev thiab aerated qhob . Parapets tau ua los ntawm cov npuas ua npuas ncauj thiab aerated qhob tsis ntev dhau los. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias nrog nws qhov loj me, lub sam thiaj railing ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog lub teeb yuag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov thaiv muaj kev tiv thaiv cua sov zoo, yog li ntawd, rwb thaiv tsev tsis tsim nyog rau lawv. Qhov zoo kuj suav nrog qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.

Yuav ua li cas ntxiv dag zog thiab insulate?

Ntxiv dag zog rau tus qauv balustrade yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj rau kev nyab xeeb. Yog tias lub laj kab yog ua los ntawm cov hlau, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog thaum lub thav duab tau sib dhos . Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txhim kho cov hlau rau txhua qhov chaw (phab ntsa, pem teb, qab nthab). Raws li rau cov qauv ua los ntawm pob zeb, cib lossis cov thaiv, cov hlau mesh, uas muaj peev xwm ua kom nws cov duab zoo, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv qhov kev txhawb zog. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv txheej thaum tso lub parapet.

Ntxiv dag zog rau lub sam thiaj railing yuav tsum pib nrog kev rhuav tshem qhov qub . Rau kev nyab xeeb, cov qauv hlau tuaj yeem raug txiav ib nrab kom nws tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov primer thiab plaster ntawm cov masonry. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau suav ua ntej tias lub laj kab tshiab yog yam tsawg 100-150 hli siab dua qhov qub. Nws yog qhov siab no uas yuav tsum tau teeb tsa lub ebb los ntawm sab nraud. Cov lus ntawm lub qub qub qub thiab cov pob zeb tshiab yuav tsum tau muab cais los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 15-20 hli.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias rau 10-storey tsev, qhov siab ntawm lub sam thiaj laj kab laj kab yuav tsum yog 100 centimeters lossis ntau dua. Ua li ntawd, yog tias qhov khoom siab dua, tom qab ntawd lub parapet yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 10 cm siab dua . Nws yog cov ntaub ntawv no uas tau qhia hauv GOST. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau txhim kho cov qauv, cov screed hauv qhov tsis zoo raug tshem tawm tag thiab sau nrog ib qho tshiab. Kev tiv thaiv dej nrog lub hauv paus bitumen yuav tsum tau glued rau lub screed. Hauv lub peev xwm no, koj tuaj yeem siv "Steklokrom", "Linokrom", "Bikrost", "Uniflex" hauv yob. Rau theem no, nws tsim nyog siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob propane.

Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau lub laj kab nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yam tsis muaj dej thaiv, hloov nws nrog txhuas txheej . Raws li txoj cai, nws muaj cov tsiaj ntawv "P" thiab nyob ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm lub sam thiaj. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv cov cement mortar thiab dowels los kho cov channel.

Xws li cov ntaub ntawv dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev sib xyaw, uas thawj kab ntawm cov thaiv lossis cov cib raug muab tso rau.

Tsis ntev los no, kev ntxiv dag zog rau lub sam thiaj railing yuav siv qhov chaw ua npuas ncauj. Rau cov hom phiaj no, sab hauv version ntawm 30 txog 60 centimeters thiab nrog tuab ntawm 10 centimeters yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum xaiv hom, koj yuav tsum muab qhov nyiam rau D600 lossis D700 yam . Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nteg cov npuas ua npuas ncauj tag nrho, tab sis yog tias muaj qhov faib me me tau ua ua ke, tom qab ntawd ib nrab ntawm qhov thaiv yuav tsum tau muab tso ua ntej. Hauv qhov no, sab sawn yuav tsum tas pw. Cov haujlwm zoo li no tau ua tiav siv cov kav dej thiab qib.

Sab ntug ntawm lub laj kab raug rub mus rau cov phab ntsa tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev nrog kev pab txhawb nqa . Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tus pas nrig hlau tau tsav mus rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm ib sab kom lwm sab nkag mus rau hauv kab rov tav mus rau hauv txoj hlua ntawm cov masonry. Hauv qhov no, tom qab 500-600 hli, ib daim ntawm cov hlua khauj khaum uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.3 cm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov nqaws. Feem ntau, qhov ntxaij no yog tsim hauv yob thiab tuaj yeem txiav tau yooj yim siv lub tshuab zom.

Koj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau lub sam thiaj railing uas siv cov hlau txuas. Raws li qhov kawg, koj tuaj yeem xaiv ob lub yeeb nkab thiab ib lub ces kaum. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tawm ntawm lub parapet yav dhau los tag nrho, tab sis txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog nws siv cov qauv tshiab.

Qhov kawg yuav tsum tau txuas rau lub qub qub qub qub thiab kho rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb slab nrog cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb . Tom qab lub parapet tau ntxiv dag zog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau insulate nws. Thaum xaiv cov khoom uas tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov no, tus lej ntawm cov xwm txheej yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov kub nruab nrab thoob plaws xyoo.

Koj kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub sam thiaj, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab nws cov nqi . Qhov qis dua cov thermal conductivity, tsawg cua sov yuav ploj. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias thaiv kab thaiv tsis xav tau rwb thaiv tsev. Rau lwm hom laj kab, lawv feem ntau xaiv los ntawm cov kev xaiv rwb thaiv tsev zoo li polystyrene thiab cov ntxhia pob zeb. Ua ntej insulating lub laj kab masonry, yuav tsum tau tsim ib qho thaiv thaiv dej sab nrauv. Txhua yam hlau ntawm lub parapet yuav tsum tau kho nrog mastic nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv xeb.

Txhawm rau kom txiav txim siab yooj yim dua ntawm cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog lawv cov khoom

Minvata (thermal conductivity 0.05 W / m ºС) yog qhov pheej yig tshaj thiab muaj ntau yam rwb thaiv tsev. Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws dhau lawm, nws tseem tseem nrov. Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog hygroscopicity, yog li cov tsiaj plaub tsiaj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv hauv cov ntawv yas.

Extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj (0.03 … 0.05 W / mºС) muaj rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab xoom nqus dej. Ntawm qhov ua tsis tau zoo, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov kub nyhiab, lom, tsis muaj peev xwm hla huab cua. Qhov kev rho tawm tom kawg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj dej ntau dhau thiab pom cov kab mob hu ua fungus.

Penofol - hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev , uas suav nrog txheej txheej ntawv ci thiab txheej txheej polyethylene. Ntawm qhov zoo yog qhov tuab me me, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig, kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog cov khoom siv no, teeb meem tshwm sim thaum txhim kho vim nws qhov muag ntau dhau. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv hom C, uas yog ib qho yooj yim txuas nrog txheej txheej ntawm cov nplaum nplaum rau ntawm sab polyethylene.

Thaum rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, ntoo crate yog thawj daim ntawv thov. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxig daim phiaj rwb thaiv tsev rau hauv qhov khoob ntawm lub rooj txhawb nqa (kab rov tav) thiab cov crate posts (ntsug), thiab tom qab ntawd txiav lawv tib qib nrog cov nqaj txhawb nqa. Tom qab ntawd, qhov khoob uas seem raug tshem tawm siv polyurethane ua npuas ncauj.

Sheathing thiab xov

Kev kho ntawm lub parapet kuj suav nrog kev ua vaj huam sib luag thiab ua tiav ntawm sab nrauv thiab sab hauv. Rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraud, koj tuaj yeem siv sab nrauv, ntau yam plaster, npog lub parapet nrog yas lossis cov laug cam . Rau cov hom phiaj no, cov vaj huam sib luag zoo nkauj ua los ntawm cov pob zeb txhawb ntxiv kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv tau. Hauv qhov tsos, lawv zoo li ntu ntawm eurofence thiab hnyav dua. Rau cov laj kab laj kab thiab cov thaiv, cov ntoo tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau hauv cov masonry siv qhov ntev-tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau lossis dowels.

Yog tias cov qauv tiv thaiv ua los ntawm cov hlau, tom qab ntawd koj yuav xav tau lub crate . Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau txuas cov kab txhawb nqa mus rau tus ncej, thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov ntawv txhua 600 hli. Yog hais tias siding yuav tsum tau teeb tsa, tom qab ntawd cov lus qhia tau txuas ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd qis lossis sab sawb (nyob ntawm kab rov tav lossis ntsug sib dhos). Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pib thawj qhov profile thiab kho lawv nrog tus kheej tapping screws. Yog li, koj yuav tsum taug kev ncig ib puag ncig tag nrho.

Kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv, suav nrog plaster, clapboard, thiab txawm tias wallpapering. Txhua yam ntawm no tsuas txwv tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev xav, kev tsim dav dav ntawm chav tsev thiab nyiaj txiag. Kev kho sab hauv ntawm lub sam thiaj railing suav nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm txheej txheej dej-pov thawj, txhim kho cov lathing thiab kho qhov ua tiav nws tus kheej.

Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej tau tso ua ntej heev. Rau qhov no, penofol hauv cov yob feem ntau siv, uas yuav tsum tau kho rau lub plastered masonry siv tus kheej tapping screws. Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho cov laj kab tau ua tiav nrog cov ntoo kab rov tav thiab kab ntsug ntoo ntsug.

Yog tias tsim nyog, lub sam thiaj tuaj yeem npog nrog rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv raws tag nrho ib puag ncig . Nws feem ntau yog ntxig ntsug ntawm cov tuav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom siv kho qhov kawg-rau-kawg thiab kho nws nrog tus kheej tapping screws ntawm lub crate. Koj tuaj yeem kaw qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm hauv pem teb thiab kaw tag nrho cov nqaws nrog zoo tib yam polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Vim yog tsim los ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv, qhov chaw sam thiaj muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab, ntxiv mus, tau txais kev tiv thaiv cua sov ntxiv.

Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj, kho kom zoo nkauj thiab ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv nrog qhov hnyav uas tsis haum yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.