Rubemast: Txoj Hauv Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws Los Npog Lub Ru Tsev Tsheb: Rubemast Lossis Iav Insulating? Cov Yam Ntxwv Tshwj Xeeb, Khoom Siv RNP 350-1.5, RNA 400-1.5 Thiab Lwm Yam

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-07 13:51

Thaum tsim thiab kho, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kom paub tias rubemast yog dab tsi thiab yuav tso nws li cas. Ib qho ntsiab lus tseem ceeb sib xws yog qhov zoo dua los npog lub ru tsev rau tsheb - nrog rubemast lossis iav rwb thaiv tsev. Qee yam yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom RNP 350-1, 5, RNK 400-1, 5 thiab lwm hom rubemast.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Yam tsawg kawg txij thaum pib xyoo pua nees nkaum, cov khoom siv vov tsev tau siv hauv kev npaj cov ru tsev. Tab sis thawj qhov kev qhuas rau cov khoom siv no tau txo qis ntau thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias nws tsis zoo txaus. Rubemast tau dhau los ua kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheej no. Kev qhia txog kev ntxiv tshwj xeeb tso cai:

• nce kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom;
• ua kom khov tiv taus;
• lav tsis kam txawm tias muaj qhov hloov pauv kub tseem ceeb.

Zoo li cov khoom siv vov tsev, rubemast yog cov khoom siv bituminous tsim hauv cov ntawv yob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws zoo li ntxim nyiam dua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm nws thiab nws "ua ntej" yog qhov zoo heev txawm tias tom qab siv mus ntev. Cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv ua lub hauv paus:

• fiberglass;
• duab los qhia;
• fiberglass.

Kev qhia txog ntau npaum li cas ntawm bitumen ua rau cov yas ntawm cov khoom siv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws muaj sia nyob ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog zoo dua li cov khoom siv vov tsev.

Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev tawg ntawm rubemast yog hauv qab no. Qhov saum npoo yuav zoo ib yam. Nws cov khoom hydrophobic yog qhov siab heev.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb ntawm rubemast qee zaum 2.1 kg rau 1 m2. Nrog rau qhov loj me me - nws thaj tsam yog 9-10 square metres. m, nws hnyav 18, 9-21 kg . Lub zog zoo heev: cov khoom tawg tsuas yog siv lub zog ntawm 28 kgf. Cov kws tshaj lij tau tswj kom ua tiav kev pabcuam lub neej tsawg kawg 120 feeb ntawm qhov kub ntawm 75 degrees. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev nqus dej yuav tsis tshaj 2% hauv 1 hnub.

Lub brittleness ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm -10 txog -15 degrees. Feem ntau, qhov ntev yob yog 10 m. Thiab qhov dav raug yog 1 meter. Cov no yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws - piv txwv li, TechnoNIKOL . Nws qhov nqus tshwj xeeb yog 3 lossis 4.1 kg.

Sib piv nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv

Feem ntau, thaum txiav txim siab qhov twg yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los npog lub ru tsev rau tsheb - nrog iav rwb thaiv tsev lossis nrog cov khoom siv vov tsev siab dua, lawv tig mus rau cov kws tshaj lij. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm pom nws muaj txiaj ntsig kom paub tias qhov no lossis qhov kev xaiv sib txawv li cas. Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau muab Rubemast, thiab tsis muaj teeb meem nrog nws kev teeb tsa . Nws cov ntawv tau hloov pauv tau thiab ruaj khov thaum txhim kho, lawv tuaj yeem khoov txawm tias 2-2.5 cm. Hws noo tsis ntws hauv qab cov khoom yob - yog li tsis muaj teeb meem yuav tsum tshwm sim los ntawm sab no.

Stekloizol yog lwm qhov ua los ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev (lossis lwm yam kev txhim kho ntawm nws) . Nws yog qhov raug dua los siv iav-insulated yog tias nyob hauv thaj chaw tshwj xeeb qhov txias pib ua ntej thiab kav ntev dua. Cov vuas hlau thiab cov laug cam muaj zog dua, txawm li cas los xij, nws nyuaj rau mount lawv.

Hloov chaw rubemast, koj tseem tuaj yeem siv bikrost (tab sis nws lub neej kev pabcuam tsis tshaj 10 xyoo). Geotextiles tuaj yeem kav ntev -7 npaug: txawm li cas los xij, nws kim dua.

Kev piav qhia ntawm hom

RNP

Cov khoom ntawm qeb 350-1, 5 yog ib txwm ua nrog cov tshuaj txau. Nws pawg tiv thaiv hluav taws yog G4; Cov ntsuas ntsuas tau teev tseg hauv GOST 30244 . Cov khoom siv vov tsev tso rau hauv lub hauv paus nrog qhov ntom tsawg kawg 0.35 kg rau 1 sq. m. RNP yog npaj rau siv ua ib txheej. Tau kawg, nws kuj tseem siv los kho lub ru tsev tiaj tus.

RNA

Rubemast yam 400-1, 5 yog tsim los ntawm kev thov txheej txheej rau lub hauv paus hauv daim ntawv duab los qhia. Cov vaj huam sib luag rau lub ru tsev yog pre-impregnated nrog bitumen. Kev hnav khaub ncaws ntxhib yog siv rau lub ntsej muag pem hauv ntej . Polyethylene tau txuas rau ntu qis ntawm yob, uas ntxiv txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib dhos ua tiav.

Cov khoom siv tau zoo heev rau txhua qhov chaw huab cua ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias Lavxias.

HPP

Ntxiv rau lub ru tsev pem hauv ntej, xws li rubemast tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tiv thaiv dej. Surfacing tau ua tiav ntawm lub hauv paus fiberglass. Tus tsim yog tsim nyog:

• rau txheej txheej saum toj ntawm cov ntaub pua tsev;
• rau lawv cov txheej qis;
• thaum waterproofing lub ru tsev.

HKP

Qhov ntau yam no kuj tau ua los ntawm cov iav fiberglass. Kev xa khoom feem ntau yog nqa tawm hauv yob ntawm 9 sq. m. Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub canvases, polyethylene tau thov hauv daim ntawv ntawm zaj duab xis. Feem ntau, kev ua kom tiav yog ua nyob rau hauv cov xim grey.

Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov yog kev tiv thaiv dej.

Kev siv tshuab

Raws li tau hais dhau los, kev siv rubemast yog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim - tab sis tseem nws tsim nyog ua haujlwm nrog nws ua tib zoo li sai tau thiab siv thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb. Qhov ua yuam kev hauv qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa tau muab faib ua 2 qhov kev xaiv: hauv ib kis, cov ntawv yob tau rhaub nrog cov roj hlawv, sib txuas, thiab lwm qhov, lawv tau ua rau nplaum . Tsis hais txog ntawm txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau sov ua ntej, ntawm qhov kub ib yam uas nws yuav tso. Txhua qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm tus kav hlau, cov kav dej, cov qhov cua nkag thiab lwm yam uas cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau ua tiav ua ntej.

Nco ntsoov tseem saib xyuas qhov huv ntawm lub ru tsev saum npoo av . Kev txiav txim thiab kev huv yuav ua kom yooj yim dua thiab ua haujlwm sai dua. Qee qhov xwm txheej, rubemaste txheej tau tso txawm tias nyob hauv cov tsev siab. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, txoj kev daws teeb meem tshaj plaws yog siv crane. Ua ntej ua ntej, qhov hws me thiab tawg yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav nrog cov primer, qhov zoo tshaj plaws - ntawm qhov pib ntawm bituminous.

Qhov no ua kom pom qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo ib yam cov cua sov nthuav dav ntawm txhua txheej ntawm cov ncuav ncuav . Nws raug nquahu kom ua tus thawj nrog cov menyuam kom nrawm cov txheej txheem. Koj yuav tsum tau thov tus primer ob zaug. Sai li thawj pawg tau qhuav, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los thov txheej txheej saum toj kawg nkaus. Kev ntsuas qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Cov yob tau nthuav tawm ua ntej ntawm qhov chaw thiab lawv pom dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas nws ntog, txawm tias nws hloov tawm los tso rubemast kom raug . Qhov sib tshooj yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 20 hli. Tseem ceeb: koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov tearing ntawm daim ntaub thaiv los ntawm kev txiav lawv nrog riam tsim tshwj xeeb. Cov chaw seem yuav tsum tau cim thiab suav. Sai li cov khoom tau tso rau hauv qhov chaw raug xaiv, koj tuaj yeem pib fusing.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua haujlwm nrog lub qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm hauv qab . Rubemast raug nias tam sim tom qab ua kom sov. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom tsis muaj cov cim ntawm cov khoom thiab hlawv tsis tshwm. Sai li rubemast raug welded, nws yuav tsum tau dov nrog cov menyuam los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov pob thiab kev nyuaj siab.

Tsuas yog tias txhua txheej tau zoo tso, nws tuaj yeem lav tau tias rubemast yuav haum zoo rau saum nws.

Cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb xav tau:

• siv cov cua kub cua sov nkaus xwb nrog kev txo siab;
• tshem tawm cov yob kom tau welded tshwj xeeb nrog poker, tab sis tsis yog txhais tes lossis ko taw;
• tsis txhob sawv tawm tsam lub qhov hluav taws kub;
• nruj nreem muab cov tshuaj ua kom hnyav, ua kom lawv nyob deb ntawm menyuam yaus thiab tsiaj;
• siv hnab looj tes tuab, khaub ncaws nruj thiab khau khov kho.

Yog tias muaj cov khoom siv vov tsev qub lossis lwm yam khoom siv, nws yuav tsum raug tshem tawm. Cov khoom tawg ntawm cov qhob substrate tau tsoo nrog rauj . Nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qib ua ntej saum npoo nrog cov cement-sand mortar. Hloov chaw ntawm kev yuav cov primer, koj tuaj yeem ua nws tus kheej. Hauv lub tank hlau, 7 ntu ntawm 76th roj av tau sib xyaw nrog 3 ntu ntawm bitumen-based mastic; qhov sib tov no yuav tsum tau rhaub yam tsis tso tseg nplawm.

Tus primer tsuas yog nchuav mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov saum npoo thiab rub sib nrug nrog lub mop . Cov kab lus kaum thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj siv yog txheej nrog txhuam cov log. Cov yob yuav tsum tau ua kom sov kom txog thaum cov nplaim pib lo. Cov kab uas nyob ib sab tau tso nrog txoj hauv kev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev sib tshooj tsis suav nrog.

Tom qab tso lub underlay, nteg cov khoom vov tsev dua . Nws yuav tsum muaj ib sab saum toj rau tawv tawv. Thawj qhov yob tau muab tso kom cov kab txaij nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ciam teb ntawm cov kab hauv qab. Kev sib cog lus yog nqa tawm nrog cov cuab yeej ramming hauv tsev.

Ib feem ntawm daim npog yuav tsum raug txiav tawm rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub ru tsev, thaum muab kev sib tshooj rau ntawm qhov uas tau muab tso rau yav tas los thiab khoov npog ob sab.

Cov khoom yog rhaub . Tom qab muab tso rau ntawm ib sab, nws raug kaw kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov nplaum nyob thoob plaws hauv ib cheeb tsam. Rubemast tseem tuaj yeem tso rau ntawm lub ru tsev ntoo. Koj thawj zaug yuav tsum tsim cov ntoo ntoo khov. Ib txheej ntxiv plywood lossis OSB tau muab tso rau nws; cov khoom siv nws tus kheej tau tso rau hauv ob peb txheej.

Kev siv mastic kuj tseem ua tau zoo heev. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los thov nws tsis yog ntawm rubemast nws tus kheej, tab sis ntawm lub hauv paus. Qhov dav ntawm txheej txheej txuas tsis pub tsawg dua 0.5 m . Kev tshem tawm cov yob hauv qhov no yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev siv lub tshuab cua tshuab. Cov ntaub npog tau siv nrog cov npoo - kwv yees li 10% ntawm nws tseem yuav siv rau ntawm qhov chaw, sib tshooj thiab tus nqi zoo sib xws.

Cov txheej bitumen mastic tuaj yeem ua tau siab tshaj 2 hli tuab . Qhov kev sib tshooj hauv qhov no yog kwv yees li 8 cm. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum nias lub txheej kom txog thaum cov bitumen pib ntws tawm ntawm lub nqaws. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom ua tiav qhov no tsis yog siv tus kheej, tab sis nrog kev pab ntawm cov menyuam tshwj xeeb. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv "txias" ntau dua li "kub" bituminous kua nplaum, vim nws tau maj mam ntau dua thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws.

Thauj thiab cia

Rubemast yuav tsum tsis txhob khaws lossis thauj mus pw. Nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem tso nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm ntsug hauv ntau kab . Muab kev suav nrog bitumen hauv cov khoom sib xyaw, cov cua sov muaj zog tuaj yeem muaj qhov tsis zoo rau nws. Cov ntawv yob tau ntim nrog cov kab ntawv uas muaj qhov dav tsawg kawg ntawm 0.5 m.

Cov npoo ntawm cov hlua khov kho tau ruaj khov heev . Cov txheej txheem tso cai siv lwm cov ntaub ntawv, yog tias tsuas yog lawv lav qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Kev thauj khoom yog nqa tawm hauv txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws.

Cov khoom loj ntawm rubemast yog ib txwm thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm uas siv cov txheej txheem siv tshuab. Nrog qhov ntim me me ntawm cov khoom xa, tau kawg, nws yooj yim dua los siv phau ntawv qhia kev.

Yob yuav tsum tau muab tso kom lub rubemast tsis tuaj yeem txav tau dawb thaum thauj mus los . Lawv tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, suav nrog qhov ua tau siab tshaj plaws. Tom qab ib lossis ob kab kab ntsug, kab rov tav tau muab tso rau, tom qab ntawd qhov kev hloov pauv no (yog tias lub peev xwm ntawm lub tsheb tso cai) tau rov ua dua. Nws raug nquahu kom siv txoj siv sia, cov kis kom tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm lub nra hnyav nrog cov phab ntsa ntawm rooj plaub. Kev ruaj ntseg tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm kev tso nrog cov ntawv plywood.

Kev xa cov khoom vov tsev thiab rubemast tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog hauv cov tsheb thauj khoom . Lawv yuav tsum tau thauj khoom los ntawm tus kheej lossis ntawm pallets siv forklifts. Txoj hauv kev ntawm rubemast nrog cov khoom siv cua sov tsis raug tso cai. Thaum thauj hauv txoj haujlwm kab rov tav, tsis pub ntau tshaj 5 lwm txoj hlua ntawm txhua lub yob. Kev thauj mus los zoo li no yuav tsum ua sai li sai tau; kab rov tav cia hauv lub tsev rau khoom lossis chaw raug txwv tsis pub nruj.