Basalt Slabs (37 Duab): Suab Rwb Thaiv Tsev Ntawm Phab Ntsa Nrog Cov Ntawv Ci, Qhov Ntev Thiab Yam Ntxwv. Nws Yog Dab Tsi?

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-15 04:12

Ntau tshaj li kev sib tw nyuaj tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no ntawm kev tsim thiab ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab qhov no kuj muaj tseeb rau ntu ntu ntawm cov ntawv ua npuas dej polymers. Muab qhov tseeb tias cov pob zeb basalt muaj txhua txoj hauv kev los ua tus thawj coj hauv lawv chav kawm, tam sim no ntau tus neeg txaus siab rau txhua yam muaj kom paub txog cov khoom, kev ua tau zoo thiab thaj tsam ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qhov kev nyiam no feem ntau yog vim muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntxhia fiber ntau rwb thaiv tsev.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Thaum pib, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias hom rwb thaiv tsev raws li kev txiav txim siab yog ze li sai tau rau cov ntxhia pob zeb hauv nws cov khoom. Qhov no feem ntau txiav txim siab nws cov kis nyob hauv Russia. Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov tseeb cov pob zeb pob zeb yog dab tsi, nws tsim nyog them sai sai rau lawv cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov npe ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws suav nrog ntau yam ntxwv.

• Txo coefficient ntawm thermal conductivity vim cov qauv fibrous. Yog li, 10 cm slab hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm cua sov yog piv rau cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, tuab uas yog li 30 cm.
• Kev nqus suab nrov, uas, nrog rau cov cuab yeej yav dhau los, txhawb rau kev tsim cov microclimate yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv chav, phab ntsa thiab lwm yam txheej txheem uas tau ua tiav nrog kev txiav txim siab rwb thaiv tsev.
• Ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tshuaj lom neeg. Peb tab tom tham, tshwj xeeb, txog cov kua qaub, alkalis thiab cov roj txheej txheem. Vim yog tus yam ntxwv no, cov phaj tau siv dav hauv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub qhov cub tawg, ntau yam khoom siv thev naus laus zis thiab cov raj xa dej.
• Refractoriness, tso cai rau cov khoom siv hauv yuav luag txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm.
• Lub zog thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, uas txiav txim siab lub peev xwm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev kom tswj nws cov duab rau lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws.
• Cov nqi siab nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm vapor permeability, uas ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov kev saib xyuas ntawm kev teeb tsa thev naus laus zis ntawm daim ntawv tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev. Nrog kev teeb tsa kom raug, cov dej noo ntau dhau tau thauj mus rau sab nraum thaj chaw nrog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
• Tsis kam mus rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig muaj sia nyob. Piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov ua rau raug mob los ntawm kab thiab / lossis nas.
• Cov txheej txheem yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev teeb tsa daim hlau. Kev ua haujlwm tag nrho tuaj yeem ua tiav yuav luag ib leeg, uas ua rau nws tus kheej txo qis nyiaj txiag.

Lawm, tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb tab tom tham txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua nruj ua raws cov kev cai tau muab los ntawm thev naus laus zis . Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab nws kev ua tau zoo ncaj qha rau ntawm no.

Feem ntau, dhau sijhawm, qhov khoob tuaj yeem tsim nruab nrab ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Vim li ntawd, lub suab thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm chav tsev tsis zoo.

Yuav ua li cas slabs ua?

Qhov piav qhia ntau yam yog tsim los ntawm ob peb pob zeb. Cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv raw suav nrog basalt, diabase, dolomite, thiab limestone. Lawv tau ua tiav ntawm qhov siab siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem sib xws yog nyias, tab sis tib lub sijhawm cov fiber ntau ruaj khov uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov laug cam thaiv tsev yav tom ntej. Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis hauv qhov no yog raws li hauv qab no:

• cov ntaub ntawv raw tau txais los ntawm cov pob zeb tawg tau tawg hauv cov crushers thiab ua kom sov li 1, 5 txhiab degrees;
• tau "yaj" tau txais, suav nrog cov fibers uas muaj lub cheeb txog li 88 microns thiab ntev li 1 cm;
• tau qhia txog cov khoom tsis muaj kuab lom, uas muab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov fibers thiab rwb thaiv tsev nws tus kheej;
• tsim lub tshuab nqus tsev kub-siab nias ntawm cov phaj uas muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom;
• cov khoom siv ua kom qhuav hauv qhov cub tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kub siab.

Niaj hnub no, cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb pob zeb muab 4 hom khoom lag luam hauv khw. Coj mus rau hauv tus account cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv hnyav, cov pawg hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv:

• lub teeb - ntom yog los ntawm 15 txog 20 kg / m3;
• nruab nrab - ntawm 35 txog 40 kg / m3;
• slabs nrog ntom ntom ntawm 50 txog 70 kg / m3;
• hnyav - los ntawm 150 txog 170 kg / m3

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom coj mus rau hauv tus account tias, tsis hais txog qhov ntsuas tau muab, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov fiber tseem tsis hloov pauv. Hauv lwm lo lus, tsuas yog cov ntim ntim ntawm cov lej sib txawv tau hloov pauv thaum tsim cov slabs.

Cov khoom yooj yim

Niaj hnub no, vim qhov hnyav tsawg kawg thiab lub zog siab tshaj plaws, cov pob zeb hauv av tsim nyog tau txais qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv lawv chav kawm. Raws li tus lej ntawm tus yam ntxwv, lawv tsis muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov cua sov niaj hnub no thiab cov suab rwb thaiv tsev . Raws li kev txheeb cais tam sim no, lawv suav txog li 70% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj tsim nyog tau them sai sai rau qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev no, uas tau pom dav siv hauv kev tsim kho thiab lwm qhov chaw.

Rwb thaiv tsev cua sov thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev

Raws li tau sau tseg, cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev txiav txim siab yog tsim los ntawm cov fibers zoo tshaj plaws, uas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib txuam. Vim li ntawd, cov hlwb me me tau tsim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias lawv muaj huab cua, vim qhov tshwj xeeb cov khoom cua sov tshwj xeeb tau muab . Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv muaj qhov ua kom muaj cua sov tsawg kawg, uas hloov pauv hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0, 032-0, 048 W / mK. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov pob zeb hauv av nrog cov tuab tsis ntau tshaj 100 hli muaj peev xwm muab cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, raws li qhov ntsuas tsis piv rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov nplais uas muaj cov nplais nrog cov tuab 140 cm.

Nrog rau cov yam ntxwv tau hais los saum toj no, cov yam ntxwv piav qhia tseem txiav txim siab qhov ua kom tsis muaj suab nrov tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av . Yog li, rwb thaiv tsev nrog tuab ntawm 30 txog 50 hli muaj peev xwm nqus tau txog 500 Hz thiab siab dua. Rau 125 thiab 250 Hz, qhov nqus coefficient yog 0.2 thiab 0.65, feem. Qhov ntsuas no tib yam, nrog kev nce ntawm cov tuab tuab mus rau 10 cm, nce mus rau qhov cim 0, 45 thiab 0, 9.

Dej ua pa permeability, cov khoom hydrophobic

Fibers ntawm basalt rwb thaiv tsev cov laug cam yog tiv thaiv dej. Vim tias muaj ntau yam tshuaj ntxiv, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv hydrophobic no. Lub ntsiab lus yog qhov ntawd cov khoom tsis khaws cov pa thiab noo noo, uas yog, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog qhov nqus dej tsawg kawg (tsis pub dhau 1.5%) thiab nce vapor permeability.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb tuaj yeem tham txog yuav tshem tawm tag nrho cov dej noo ntau dhau mus rau hauv huab cua. Qhov no tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm hws, kab mob, pwm thiab rot. Hauv kev xyaum, cov ntaub ntawv tseem qhuav raws li qhov ua tau txawm tias nyob hauv cov huab cua siab sab nraum chav.

Cov khoom zoo li no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv lub qhov cub zoo thaum kho cov saunas thiab da dej.

Tsis kub hnyiab, kev nyab xeeb hluav taws

Yog tias cov pob zeb pob zeb ua tiav raws li cov qauv ntawm GOST, tom qab ntawd nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm:

• nce kev tiv thaiv kom sov siab;
• yam tsawg kawg ntawm cov pa luam yeeb;
• tsis muaj tshuaj lom ntawm cov khoom sib txuas;
• incombustibility (yog fireproof) thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws.

Los ntawm txoj kev, ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1 txhiab degrees, cov khoom tawg tau pib tsuas yog tom qab 2 teev. Nws tsim nyog txiav txim siab tias cov qauv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev uas tsis ua tau raws cov qauv tam sim no tuaj yeem muag.

Lwm yam

Ntxiv rau txhua qhov saum toj no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cua sov piav qhia. Thiab hauv qhov no, peb tab tom tham txog cov txiaj ntsig kev sib tw hauv qab no uas ua rau nws ua thawj coj hauv ntu cuam tshuam:

• kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm ecological;
• nce lub zog (daim hlau tsis deform nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam thiab khaws lawv cov duab thoob plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm tag nrho);
• tiv taus qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev co thiab deformation;
• yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa.

Kev mloog yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau qhov tseeb tias cov pob zeb hauv av tsis muaj cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.

Hom kev txheeb xyuas

Coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hom phiaj thiab cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm, ntau pawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv

Cov laug cam mos tsim los rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus load thiab muaj cov qauv ntxeem tau, uas ua rau lawv cov insulator kub zoo tshaj plaws

Cov ntawv ntawm lub zog nruab nrab, feem ntau siv rau kev npaj cov cua nkag, ua kom tiav cov cua hauv cov cua nrog tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm qhov qhib nplaim taws hauv qhov hluav taws kub, ntxiv rau tsim kom muaj suab rwb thaiv tsev

Cov pob zeb tawv uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom hnyav yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Qhov ntau yam no tau siv dav thaum ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv cov plag tsev thiab thav duab sib faib

Ntawv ci basalt rwb thaiv tsev. Hauv qhov no, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam ib nrab ntawm tshav kub. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov ntawv ci tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ib lossis ob sab

Qhov ntev (kho kom raug)

Niaj hnub no, qhov ntsuas ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov lus piav qhia rwb thaiv tsev yog 1200x600 mm. Ntawm kev muag tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom cov vaj huam sib luag, tuab uas txawv ntawm 20-120 mm (1200x600x20, 1200x600x50 mm thiab ntxiv rau) . Ntxiv nrog rau qhov ntev ntawm slab, nws qhov hnyav yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, uas yog, muaj ob yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Nrog qhov hnyav ntawm ob peb kilograms, nws tuaj yeem tso tau txawm tias nyob hauv qhov chaw nkag tsis tau yam tsis muaj kev pab thiab siv dag zog ntau dhau.

Nrov manufacturers

Muab cov ntaub ntawv teev npe ntawm cov insulator hauv nqe lus nug thiab cov txiaj ntsig ua tau zoo, ntau lub tuam txhab muaj npe zoo tau koom nrog nws cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no. Ntau lub npe nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntaus nqi tam sim no.

Knauf - lub tuam txhab German, uas raug suav tias yog ib tus thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb hauv av. Nws tau pib nws cov keeb kwm rov qab rau xyoo 1932, uas yog, nws yuav ua kev zoo siab rau nws hnub 100 xyoo.

Rockwool - cov chaw tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev niaj hnub no raws cov pob zeb basalt thiab pob zeb. Ib qho ntawm qhov sib tw tau zoo ntawm lub tuam txhab yog ntau yam khoom lag luam thiab cov qauv txheem. Lawv qhov tshwj xeeb tsis yog lub zog thiab ntom.

Izovol - tus thawj coj ua lag luam hauv tsev hauv kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev, suav nrog cov pob zeb hauv av. Vim tias muaj ntau yam khoom lag luam nthuav tawm hauv Lavxias kev lag luam, cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm muaj lub sijhawm los xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws hauv txhua rooj plaub tshwj xeeb. Thiab tseem daim ntawv teev cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sib tw suav nrog tus nqi pheej yig nrog kev pom zoo ntawm tus nqi thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo.

Isoroc - lub tuam txhab loj tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev cua sov uas ua tau raws cov qauv tam sim no. Hauv ntu ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag basalt, nws muab cov neeg yuav khoom xaiv qhov ncaj ncees.

Technonikol - cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia, uas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv Lavxias thiab lwm lub khw. Cov khoom muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo, ua haujlwm ntev thiab muaj zog ntxiv.

Thaum xaiv cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev basalt, nws tau pom zoo kom them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom. Nws yog los ntawm nws tias cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo raws li qhov ua tau ntev thiab qib ntawm tshav kub thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev ncaj qha nyob ntawm.

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv

Ua cov khoom siv zoo ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, cov nplais pob zeb hauv av tam sim no tau siv dav hauv ntau lub tsev thiab tsev tsim kho niaj hnub no. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov vaj huam sib luag zoo sib xws hauv kev ua tiav ob qho tib si tau tsim thiab twb ua tiav cov tsev thiab cov qauv raws li ib feem ntawm lawv kho dua tshiab. Coj mus rau hauv tus account nws cov refractoriness, cov khoom siv tau zoo siv rau insulating thaj tsam ib ncig ntawm lub qhov cub hauv da dej. Hauv kev xyaum, cov pob zeb hauv av feem ntau siv rau kev ua tiav ntau yam khoom thiab cov txheej txheem. Cia peb teev cov tseem ceeb.

• Kaw cov qauv ntawm ib qho kev teeb tsa.
• Kab noj hniav nruab nrab hauv cov phab ntsa ntau txheej (cib, roj thiab nthuav av nplaum), ntxiv rau hauv cov qhaub cij.
• Lub ntsej muag uas cov khoom siv tau tso rau ntawm cov kua nplaum, tom qab ntawv los yog siv lwm yam txheej tiv thaiv. Ntawm lwm yam, daim hlau tau siv thaum nws yuav tsum tau insulate lub tsev cav.
• Ntub dej thiab qhov cua nkag.
• Cov txheej hauv qab thiab sab saum toj hauv ntau txheej thiab lub ru tsev tiaj tus, feem.
• Hulls, muab faib thiab tshuab sib dhos hauv kev tsim nkoj.
• Chimneys, cua sov rhaub dej kub thiab lwm yam khoom siv rhaub dej kub.

Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias nrog kev pab ntawm cov pob zeb pob zeb hauv av, xyaum ua txhua yam txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav insulated - los ntawm cov hauv paus mus rau lub ru tsev. Thiab tseem cov vaj huam sib luag no tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv ntau thaj chaw ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab lub zog.

Tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov ua tau zoo li qhov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, uas nthuav dav qhov kev siv ntawm cov phaj.