Moulding Xuab Zeb: GOST, Thaj Tsam Ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov Quartz Thiab Cov Roj Av Xuab Zeb Rau Kev Tsim Thiab Lwm Yam Lag Luam, Kev Sib Xyaw Thiab Cov Khoom

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Muaj ntau yam khoom siv ntuj tsim los siv. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cov xuab zeb zeb. Nws suav nrog cov nplej me me uas suav nrog cov av nplaum tsawg. Kev sib xyaw moulding tau siv dav hauv plastering, lub hauv paus rov qab ua dua thiab cov foundries.

Sib xyaw

Moulding sands yog cov pob zeb sedimentary uas tau tsim los ntawm huab cua, kev puas tsuaj thiab txav ntawm pob zeb . Paub txog lawv cov qoob loo zoo ib yam thiab cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm impurities. Foundry xuab zeb yog mined hauv chaw txua txiag zeb. Qhov chaw kuaj pom ntawm ib hom tsiaj tshwj xeeb yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov duab ntawm cov nplej ntawm cov xuab zeb. Cov ntse-lub kaum ntse ntse qhia tias cov khoom tau tsim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob zeb. Cov duab sib npaug yog tsim los ntawm kev ua kom ya raws.

Moulding sands, raws li GOST 2138-91, tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no:

• quartz (cov av nplaum tsis ntau tshaj 20%);
• rog (30-50% av nplaum suav nrog);
• yuag (txog 12% av nplaum).

Raws li rau cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm thawj ntau yam, nws yog raws li quartz . Nws yog cov ntxhia nrog qhov ntom ntawm 7 units. ntawm Mohs scale. Hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv, quartz muaj cov qauv pob tshab, tab sis thaum muaj qhov tsis huv, nws cov xim hloov pauv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv quartz los ntawm ib lub xeev mus rau lwm qhov tshwm sim sai dua thaum ua kom sov. Yog li, cov ntxhia tau suav tias yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov. Hauv cov txheej txheem raug rau qhov kub siab, tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshwm sim nrog quartz, uas ua rau deformation ntawm cov xuab zeb … Ntxiv nrog rau quartz, cov xuab zeb zeb muaj feldspars, micas, oxides thiab hydrates ntawm cov hlau oxides.

Cov dej tsis huv ntawm cov pa roj carbonate tau suav tias yog teeb meem hauv cov xuab zeb, uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum ua kom sov los ntawm 500 txog 900 degrees. Tsis tas li, cov kev suav nrog no ua rau tsim muaj ntau yam tsis xws luag hauv cov hlau.

Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov xuab zeb molding:

• sib txawv ntawm tus dej, roob thiab dej hiav txwv;
• muaj cov npe loj thiab nplua-nplua (ntawm 0.5 txog 3.5 cm);
• ntau yam yog siv raws li kev sib xyaw (cov ntsiab lus ntawm quartz, mica thiab av nplaum).

Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tsis suav nrog cov pa phem: peat, thee thiab quartzite.

Khoom

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no suav nrog:

• lub zog - qhov sib tov muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom sib sib sib sib sib sib sib sib sib thiab sib sib zog nqus sib sib zog nqus sib xyaw;
• yas - huab hwm coj muaj qhov nyiam hloov pauv, qhov no yog vim muaj cov av nplaum suav nrog;
• dej - cov khoom sib xyaw muaj peev xwm faib sib npaug sab hauv lub thawv lossis lub thawv rau casting;
• roj permeability - cov khoom muaj peev xwm "tshem tawm" ntawm cov pa thiab cov nkev uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm nchuav;
• refractoriness - foundry xuab zeb tau nce kev tiv thaiv kom sov.

Ib qho ntxiv, nws cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog:

• tsis sib xws;
• muaj peev xwm nqus tau siab;
• tshuaj tiv thaiv;
• nce flowability thiab porosity ntawm tus qauv.

Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom siv yas tau muab faib ua ob hom (xaiv los ntawm cov ntawv A thiab B). Thawj qhov suav nrog ntau yam nrog cov seem loj nyob rau sab sauv saum toj kawg nkaus, nyob rau qis dua - rau qeb B. Ntuj thiab nplua nuj cov xuab zeb kuj txawv. Qhov tom kawg tau txais los ntawm kev ua tshwj xeeb, tshem av nplaum thiab tsis tsim nyog los ntawm cov xuab zeb ntuj.

Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim cov xuab zeb tau npog nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab thinnest ntawm quartz, hlau hydroxides thiab av nplaum. Cov xuab zeb yog cov nquag heev. Lub zog thiab cov pa permeability ntawm cov sib tov nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov qoob loo.

Cov ntawv thov

Foundry xuab zeb yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho. Peb tab tom tham txog kev ua haujlwm plastering, ua cov txheej txheem ua vaj tsev, rov ua lub hauv paus, tsim txoj hauv kev thiab tsim kev tsim toj roob hauv pes.

Thaum tsim kho, nws yog ntau yam dej uas tau siv. Nws zoo kawg nkaus permeates dej thiab muaj cov dej ntws tau zoo.

Foundry xuab zeb yog siv hauv kev lag luam hlau uas yog txhim khu kev qha muab hlau pov tseg . Nws yog quartz xuab zeb uas yog siv rau cov khoom lag luam. Cov yuag thiab cov rog ntau yam muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev ua pwm thaum tsim cov castings los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau. Raws li rau cov xuab zeb nplua nuj, nws tau siv kom tau cov pas nrig hauv cov cuab yeej kub thiab txias.

Foundry xuab zeb ua raws li cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov iav zoo, uas yog siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab tshuaj … Tsis tas li, cov khoom siv no yog ib feem tseem ceeb hauv cov dej lim dej. Moulding xuab zeb yog ib feem ntawm kev sib xyaw ua vaj tsev thiab tshuaj khib. Hauv kev tsim cov plag tsev tus kheej thiab kho kom zoo nkauj plaster, ntau hom xuab zeb kuj tseem siv. Nws yog siv los ua cov khoom siv txhuam, ntxuav cov hlau los ntawm xeb. Kuj tseem muaj cov xuab zeb siv los tua hluav taws ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev.