2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13
Kev npaj ua kom zoo zoo xis mas yog tus yuam sij rau lub zog ntawm cov qauv. Los ntawm kab ntawv no, koj yuav kawm paub qhov sib piv kom npaj tau cov tshuaj tov hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, xam cov khoom hauv cov thoob thiab cov thoob, thiab yuav ua li cas sib tov ua vaj tse rau qhov chaw dig muag thiab cov yas.
Kev faib ua feem
Qhob yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv tsev. Thiab txhawm rau kom nws muaj zog thiab ntseeg tau, txawm tias nyob hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum nkag siab meej txog nws lub hom phiaj.
- Qhob . Nws cov khoom yog cov cement, nplua (xuab zeb) thiab cov pob zeb loj loj (tsoo), cov dej. Lub Hom Phiaj - tsim cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev loj loj, nchuav dej rau saum npoo av, tsim kho cov plag tsev thiab lwm yam haujlwm hnyav.
- Tsev sib tov . Muaj pes tsawg leeg - xis mas, nplua cov dej thiab dej. Tsis muaj pob zeb hauv nws. Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov - ua tiav kev ua haujlwm, txhaws nqaws thiab sib koom, ib pawg ntawm ntau yam ntsiab lus thiab ua tiav, thiab lwm yam haujlwm zoo sib xws.
Yog li ntawd, ua ntej npaj qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, nco ntsoov xav txog lub hom phiaj. Thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj, xa mus rau lub hom phiaj thiab xa mus rau thaj chaw ua haujlwm rau ob qho kev daws teeb meem tsis txawv.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los npaj cov khoom sib xyaw hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, tom qab ntawd cov qauv sib xyaw tau raug lees paub. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, koj tuaj yeem zaws nrog spatula, duav lossis suab thaj. Thiab txhawm rau kom tau txais cov yam ntxwv xav tau ntawm cov khoom lag luam, xaiv cov hom zoo ntawm cov cement:
- М100 - theem pib ntawm kev tsim kho hauv paus, kev tsim kho, kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv;
- М150 - txhaws ntawm screeds;
- М200 - tsim cov hauv paus rau cov tsev ib -zaj dab neeg, tsim cov khoom siv ua vaj tsev ruaj khov, laj kab, kab teeb (qhov no yog hom cement ntau tshaj);
- М250 - kev tsim kho ntawm cov pob zeb me me;
- М300 - lub hauv paus thiab lub hauv paus monolithic ntawm cov tsev siab;
- М350 - lub hauv paus ntawm cov tsev loj thiab cov qauv;
- М400 - hauv qab daus hauv cov tsev monolithic, muaj peev xwm pas dej tauv;
- М450 - cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, lub pas dej thiab lub pas dej ntawm cov qauv hydraulic, kev tsim kho cov av hauv av, hauv av.
Tus lej tom qab tsab ntawv "M" yog qhov taw qhia ntawm lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj khib khov. Nws qhia qhov siab hauv kilograms hauv ib square centimeter uas yuav rhuav tshem cov qauv. Piv txwv li, qib M300 tau tsim rau lub nra uas tsis ntau tshaj 300 kg / cm2.
Rau tsev neeg lub hom phiaj, cov cement ntawm M200-M300 feem ntau yog siv. Lawv cov yam ntxwv txaus txaus, thaum tswj tus nqi siv tau.
Hauv phau ntawv teev npe, nws feem ntau tsis yog hom khoom uas tau qhia, tab sis chav kawm muaj zog ntawm cov pob zeb:
- chav kawm B7, 5 sib haum rau M100 hom;
- B12, 5 - M150;
- B15 - M200;
- B20 - M250;
- B22, 5 - M300;
- B25 - M350;
- B30 - M400;
- B35 - M450.
Lub npe (lossis chav kawm) ntawm cov cement ua rau cuam tshuam rau qhov feem ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw hauv cov qhob.
Koj tuaj yeem npaj cov tshuaj sib txawv.
Classic qhob
Feem ntau siv cov cement qib M200 (B15). Sib xyaw ua ke:
- cement - 2 qhov chaw;
- crushed pob zeb - 4 qhov chaw;
- xuab zeb - 5 ntu.
Qhov yog cov txheeb ze ntawm kev ntsuas. Nws tuaj yeem yog kilograms, litres, txawm tias duav. Qhov loj tshaj yog tus naj npawb ntawm txhua qhov khoom siv nyob hauv ib chav ntsuas.
Qhov kev sib xyaw no tau siv txhua qhov txhia chaw. Koj tuaj yeem hloov nws - piv txwv li, ntxiv dej kom lub pob zeb ua kom puv zoo dua qub.
Rau qhov chaw dig muag
Ib qhov chaw dig muag yog txoj siv dej tsis nyob ib puag ncig lub tsev. Nws yog tas li raug rau nag lossis daus, yog li nws yuav tsum ua kom ruaj khov. Lub npe ntawm cov cement rau nws yog M400, thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke:
- cement - 1 feem;
- pob zeb tawg - 5, 5 ntu;
- xuab zeb - 4 ntu;
- dej - 0,9 feem.
Rau laj kab posts
Ntawm no qhov sib txawv me ntsis sib txawv:
- cement - 1 pawg lossis ntim ib feem;
- crushed pob zeb - 4 feem;
- xuab zeb - 2 feem;
- dej - 0.5 feem.
Rau lub hauv paus
Thaum pib ntawm kev tsim kho, lub zog siab tsis xav tau, yog li M150 cov cement yuav txaus. Daim ntawv qhia sib tov:
- cement - 1 feem;
- pob zeb tawg - 7 ntu;
- xuab zeb - 4,6 feem.
Rau kev tsim kho ntawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus, yuav tsum muaj cov pob zeb ua kom ruaj khov ntxiv - piv txwv li, M300. Cov feem yog raws li hauv qab no:
- cement - 1 feem;
- pob zeb tawg - 3,7 feem;
- xuab zeb - 1,9 feem.
Dej xav tau txog 0.5 liv.
Yog tias cov qauv yuav tsum muaj zog ntxiv, cov tshuaj superplastic tau ntxiv rau cov cement slurry. Cov lus qhia rau lawv siv tau qhia rau ntawm lub ntim, thiab qhov xav tau yog nyob ntawm qhov ntim ntawm pawg.
Yog tias siv cov cement ruaj khov (piv txwv li, M450), qhov sib xyaw ua ke yuav hloov pauv:
- cement - 1 feem;
- pob zeb tawg - 2, 5 feem;
- xuab zeb - 1,1 feem.
Hauv txhua daim ntawv qhia zaub mov, ntim dej yuav tsum yog ib nrab ntim ntawm cov cement.
Tau kawg, qhov no yog daim ntawv qhia kwv yees. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom tau txais cov kua curdled tuab, ntxiv rau, yas heev. Thiab hauv qhov raug cai (piv txwv, raws nraim 160 litres), yog li koj tsis tas yuav ua ntau dua lossis tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem ntxiv lawm.
Yuav xam li cas?
Thaum npaj kev daws teeb meem nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, qhov ntim uas xav tau ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tau muab coj los ua hauv tsev txheem thoob nrog ntim li ntawm 10 litres. Hauv qee qhov zaub mov txawv, kev suav suav tau nthuav tawm hauv kilograms. Yog li, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog lawv kev sib raug zoo:
- cement - 15 kg;
- xuab zeb - 19 kg;
- pob zeb tawg - 17.5 kg.
Cov no yog kwv yees tus nqi, cov duab tiag tiag nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus noo noo, qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub thoob thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov feem.
Tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem suav tus lej ntawm cov khoom siv nrog qhov raug txaus.
Piv txwv li, koj yuav tsum ua 120 litres tshuaj khib rau nchuav lub hauv paus los ntawm M450 cov cement. Cov khoom siv yog:
- cement - 1 feem;
- pob zeb tawg - 2, 5 feem;
- xuab zeb - 1,1 feem.
Tom qab ntawd peb faib 120 los ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm txhua ntu thiab peb tau txais 26 litres - qhov xav tau ntawm cov cement:
- crushed pob zeb ntim - 26x2, 5 = 65 l;
- ntim ntawm cov xuab zeb - 26x1, 1 = 29 litres;
- xyuas - 26 + 65 + 29 = 120 litres.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsawg dua li qhov ntim tag nrho ntawm nws cov khoom sib xyaw . Qhov no yog vim dej thiab lwm yam khoom nyob hauv thaj tsam nruab nrab ntawm cov pob zeb tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej evaporates, uas ua rau txo qis hauv pawg. Tom qab ntawd qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau nce me ntsis.
Dej tsis koom nrog hauv kev suav - feem ntau nws yuav qhuav, thiab qhov seem yuav muab me me ntim
Siv txoj hauv kev no, koj tuaj yeem suav qhov kev siv cov khoom sib xyaw rau txhua hom sib xyaw. Thiab ib qho ntawm nws cov ntim - 130, 180, 200 litres thiab ntau dua.
Thaum koj txiav txim siab kwv yees qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, koj tuaj yeem pib npaj thiab siv nws. Tab sis ua ntej, me ntsis txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los txhuam cov sib tov.
Kev pom zoo ua noj
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog txhawm rau xaiv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom raug, tab sis kuj tseem ua kom nws raug. Ob peb lub tswv yim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yuav pab koj nrog qhov no.
- Tsis txhob khoov lub tshuab thaum sib tov. Thaum ntxiv cov khoom siv nrog lub duav, ua tib zoo - cov hniav tig tuaj yeem tsoo tus duav thiab tsoo nws tawm ntawm koj txhais tes. Saib xyuas kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb.
- Hnav cov iav tiv thaiv thiab hnab looj tes thaum tuav cov khoom qhuav - cov hmoov av ua kom qhuav ntawm koj txhais tes. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog lub tshuab ua pa.
- Siv cov ntaub ntawv huv xwb. Sift xuab zeb thiab xis mas ua ntej ua haujlwm. Txheeb xyuas qhov dej zoo - yuav tsum tsis muaj cov khib nyiab hauv nws. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los siv cov dej ntxhia.
- Thaum ua haujlwm nyob rau lub caij txias, nws raug nquahu kom sov cov xuab zeb thiab dej.
- Cov tshuaj khib yuav tsum nyob txog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov qhob tov ua kom nws tsis ya tawm ntawm cov khoom tov thaum sib tov.
- Ua ntej, ncuav ib co dej rau hauv lub tov khoom thiab tig nws. Cov dej yuav tsum ntub cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tov khoom. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom cov tshuaj tsis lo rau ntawm phab ntsa.
- Tom qab ntawd ntxiv feem ntau ntawm cov pob zeb tawg. Thaum ua haujlwm, nws yuav tawg pob.
- Ntxiv cov cement, xuab zeb thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw.
- Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, hliv ib feem me me ntawm nws thiab ua 4-5 qhov nqaj nrog tus duav. Cov pob zeb zoo yuav nyob twj ywm thiab cov ncov ntawm cov thais yuav nyob twj ywm.
- Siv cov tshuaj npaj ua tiav tsis pub dhau 30-40 feeb, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tawv.
- Nco ntsoov ntxuav cov qhob tov khoom tom qab siv.
Pom zoo:
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Qhov muag tsis pom thaj chaw - pob zeb ua ke nyob ib sab rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev raws nws ib puag ncig. Nws yog qhov xav tau los tiv thaiv lub hauv paus los ntawm kev puas tsuaj vim los nag ntev, los ntawm cov dej ntau uas tau ntws tawm los ntawm cov dej ntws sau ze ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm thaj chaw.
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Gypsum panels - lawv yog dab tsi thiab lawv tau tshwm sim nyob rau sab hauv zam li cas? Muaj pes tsawg phab ntsa thiab qab nthab siv niaj hnub no? Lawv muaj cov duab thiab luam tawm dab tsi? Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov vaj huam sib luag zoo nkauj rau kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm chav sib txawv hauv chav tsev?
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Yuav ua li cas muab cov pob zeb sib tov sib xyaw ua ke kom raug? Yuav siv pob zeb tov khoom li cas? Yuav ua li cas thauj cov tshuaj, ntau npaum li cas los sib tov nws?
