Cinder Block (64 Duab): Qhov Zoo Thiab Qhov Tsis Zoo Ntawm Cinder Block, Nws Yog Dab Tsi Thiab Lawv Tau Tsim Los Ntawm Dab Tsi, Lawv Zoo Li Cas Thiab Zoo Dua Ua Npuas Ncauj Thaiv

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Cinder block yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tsev uas neeg nyiam tshaj plaws. Lawv tsis tsuas yog tsim lub tsev los ntawm nws, tab sis kuj ua rau laj kab txhim khu kev qha thiab kev faib ua feem. Feem ntau, lub cinder block tau siv hauv kev tsim kho cov tsev nyob ruaj khov. Niaj hnub no peb yuav ua tib zoo saib cov khoom siv nto moo hauv tsev no thiab nws cov ntau yam.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Cinder block yog cov khoom siv ua tsev nrov uas tau tsim los siv cov duab tshwj xeeb thiab vibrocompression.

Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw, koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev muaj zog thiab ntseeg tau lossis siv nws thaum txhim kho cov phab ntsa uas muaj lub nra hnyav.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Cinder block yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas tau tsim nws tus kheej los ua ib qho ntawm kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, ntseeg tau thiab muaj zog. Vim nws qhov loj me (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum piv nrog cov cib zoo tib yam), qhov thaiv zoo li txo lub sijhawm rau kev tsim kho lub tsev tshwj xeeb.

Niaj hnub no cov khoom siv raw no tau siv ntau zaus. Txhua tus neeg siv khoom xav yuav cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws thiab hnav-tiv taus rau kev tsim kho lub tsev nyob lossis kev tsim tawm, yog li cov cinder block yog qhov xav tau txaus.

Hauv theem no, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog txhua qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo li no:

• Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov thaiv cinder yog nws qhov kev nyab xeeb hluav taws. Cov khoom siv no tsis yog tsuas yog tsis kub hnyiab, tab sis kuj tsis txhawb nqa kev sib txuas. Tias yog vim li cas koj tuaj yeem tiv toj nws yam tsis muaj kev poob siab thaum nws los txog rau tsim lub tsev da dej lossis lub tsev nyob hauv tebchaws.
• Cinder block cov tsev muaj zog thiab ntseeg tau, yog li lawv tsis ntshai nag xob nag cua lossis av qeeg. Tau kawg, qhov tshwj xeeb no tseem nyob ntawm qhov raug ntawm kev tsim kho ua haujlwm. Ib qho ntxiv, xws li lub tsev thaiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog txoj siv hlua khi kom zoo. Cov pas hlau, ua ke nrog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov cinder blocks, yuav ua lawv txoj haujlwm - cov qauv yuav hnav -tiv taus.

• Txhawm rau kho lub tsev uas tsim los ntawm cov cinder blocks, koj yuav tsis tas siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog. Txhua txoj haujlwm hauv cov tsev zoo li no tau ua tiav nyob rau lub sijhawm luv.
• Ntau tus kws tshaj lij nyiam cinder block, txij li ib lub tsev los ntawm nws tau txhim kho sai heev. Qhov no yog vim qhov loj me ntawm cov blocks.
• Txawm tias cov kws tshaj lij hauv tsev tsis muaj kev paub uas tsis tau ntsib yav dhau los ua haujlwm zoo li no tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tso cov cinder blocks.
• Cinder block yog cov khoom siv tau ntau yam. Coob leej neeg siv nws tsis yog rau kev tsim kho vaj tse ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho. Gazebos, barbecues thiab txaj paj ua los ntawm cov ntsiab lus zoo li nthuav thiab siv tau yooj yim.

• Cinder block qauv khav theeb lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Qhov nruab nrab, cov tsev thaiv no nyob ntev li 100 xyoo yam tsis poob lawv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.
• Lwm qhov zoo dua uas ntau tus neeg siv khoom sau tseg hauv kev tshuaj xyuas yog tus nqi qis ntawm kev tsim kho ua haujlwm siv lub cinder block.
• Cinder thaiv cov phab ntsa zoo kawg nkaus tiv thaiv thaj chaw los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm lub suab nrov tsis tsim nyog los ntawm txoj kev.
• Cov khoom siv tsev uas paub zoo no yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv raw. Txhua tus neeg siv khoom yuav tuaj yeem nrhiav cov khoom lag luam raug.
• Nyias, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov hniav cinder thaiv. Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yooj yim.

• Thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho siv lub cinder block, cov cement me me raug tso tawm.
• Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom thaiv no yog qhov tsawg heev, txij li ntawm qhov ntom ntom nws qis dua li cov cib zoo tib yam. Vim qhov ua tau zoo no, cov cinder blocks tuaj yeem siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm lub hauv paus hnyav.
• Cinder block yog cov khoom siv uas tsis txaus ntseeg kiag li rau cov nas tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj pwm lossis kab mob tshwm rau nws. Vim li no, cov ntaub ntawv no tsis tas yuav kho nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis tshuaj tua kab mob.
• Cov khoom no khav theeb zoo tiv taus cov yam ntxwv.
• Cinder blocks tuaj yeem thauj ob qho tib si hauv pallets thiab yooj yim quav zoo.

• Cinder block yog cov khoom siv cua sov. Ua tsaug rau qhov zoo no, cov tsev ua los ntawm cov thaiv no sov thiab xis nyob.
• Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Cov qauv ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho tau tsim los ntawm lawv.
• Cov tsev ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no tsis ntshai kub poob.
• Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv rau cinder block. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov ntaub ntawv raug tuaj yeem xaiv rau kev tsim kho ntawm ntau yam qauv.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov cinder block tau ua rau nws nrov heev ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tsis zoo tagnrho.

Hmoov tsis zoo, nws muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo:

• Tsis yog txhua hom cinder block yog qhov hnyav. Kuj tseem muaj cov kev xaiv nyuaj, uas tsis yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog.
• Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem yuav cov cinder thaiv zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau npaj rau qhov tseeb tias kev zoo nkauj thiab cov phab ntsa qub tsuas yuav tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom qub. Raws li txoj cai, lawv zoo li tho txawv thiab ua qauv.
• Nws raug nquahu kom tiv thaiv cov khoom no los ntawm ya raws thiab noo noo. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lub cinder block nrawm nqus lawv mus rau hauv nws cov qauv. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov no feem ntau ua rau lawv puas tsuaj.
• Qee hom cinder blocks tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig vim lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ib feem pua ntawm cov khoom phom sij muaj nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm slag tshiab.
• Ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntxim nyiam nrog cov qauv zoo nkauj tsis zoo vim tias lawv yog hygroscopic. Lawv yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov dej nag.

• Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no nyuaj rau txheej txheem ntawm kev tso kab thiab kav dej. Vim li no, thaum ua haujlwm tsim kho, feem ntau nws yuav tsum tig mus rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
• Nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm los tsim lub tsev siab ntawm ob peb plag tsev los ntawm slag block. Cov txheej txheem hnyav dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov ntom thiab lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv.
• Kev tsim kho ntawm ib qho qauv ntawm lawv cov cinder block yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws cov thev naus laus zis. Yog tias koj tsis ua raws nws, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav.
• Cov khoom no tsis pom zoo kom ua tiav nrog cov sib xyaw plaster. Txheej nrog cov khoom siv zoo nkauj no tuaj yeem ua rau txheej txheej sab saum toj los ntawm cov cinder blocks kom flake tawm.
• Cov ntaub ntawv no yog tus yam ntxwv tsis zoo.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cinder blocks muaj qhov zoo dua li qhov tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias cov ntaub ntawv no yog capricious thiab tshwj xeeb.

Koj yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nrog lawv ua tib zoo thiab ntse. Txwv tsis pub, qhov tshwm sim yuav poob siab.

Yam ntxwv

Ua ntej txuas ntxiv rau kev tsim kho ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog cinder blocks, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb.

Tus txheej txheem txheem ntawm cinder blocks yog 200x400 mm. Kuj tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov ntsuas tsawg dua 200 mm - ib nrab ntu, uas tau siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm kev faib ua feem.

Muaj ob hom cinder blocks:

• hollow;
• monolithic.

Cov ntaub ntawv no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lawv qib ntawm kab noj hniav ntim:

• 2 kab noj hniav kab noj hniav;
• 4 cov kab noj hniav;
• 2 lossis 3 kab noj hniav puag ncig;
• kab noj hniav hauv 3 kab, muaj qhov xav tau zoo.

Txhawm rau paub seb qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom twg, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib nws lub npe. Nws yog qhov cim ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no uas tus nqi ntawm lub nra uas nws tuaj yeem tiv taus rau 1 sq. cm.

Cov ntaub ntawv no txawv tsis nyob hauv qhov muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws. Tias yog vim li cas lawv tsis raug siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntau lub tsev.

Ib qho ntxiv, cov nplais cinder muaj cov yam ntxwv ua kom siab zoo, yog li ntawd, nws tau tso cai ua haujlwm nrog lawv tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hauv qab no:

• Kev tsim kho yuav tsum tsuas yog pib yog huab cua qhuav.
• Kev tso yuav tsum tsuas yog ua tiav ntawm lub hauv paus siab (li 70 cm).
• Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv ntawm lub cinder block yuav tsum tau thov hauv txheej 2 cm. Koj yuav tsum pib ua txoj haujlwm no tam sim tom qab ua tiav kev tsim kho.
• Lub tsev uas ua los ntawm cinder blocks yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg yam tsis muaj lub ru tsev ntev.

Yog tias peb xav txog qhov ntsuas ntawm cov cinder block hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv, tom qab ntawd nws tsim nyog xav txog cov hauv qab no:

• Qhov ceev ntawm cov thaiv yog 35-125 kg / cm2. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog cov ntaub ntawv cim M125 lossis M100, tom qab ntawd cov hauv paus txheej txheem thiab cov phab ntsa hauv qab yog ua los ntawm lawv. Cov ntaub ntawv cim M75 lossis M50 tau siv hauv kev tsim cov phab ntsa / faib ua ke. Pob zeb ntawm M35 hom yog siv los ua cua sov ntawm lwm cov khoom, uas yog siv rau lub nra hnyav.
• Qhov thaiv no tuaj yeem yooj yim "muaj sia nyob" 15-50 lub caij khov / thawm caij. Cov yam ntxwv no qhia txog qhov ua tau zoo heev tiv taus huab cua zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Txhawm rau kom cov phab ntsa sab nrauv nyob ntev li ntev tau, lawv tau ua los ntawm 35-lub voj voos khov-tiv thaiv cinder thaiv. Cov tsev uas yuav nyob rau qhov xwm txheej hnyav dua feem ntau yog ua los ntawm pob zeb nrog qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm 50 mus.
• Lub cinder block yog tus yam ntxwv ua kom sov. Tus yam ntxwv no tau hais tawm hauv qhov tsis xws - 0, 35-0, 48 kW / m * ºС.

Ntau hom cinder blocks, uas txawv hauv lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, muaj qee qhov ntau thiab tsawg.

Cia peb xav txog lawv hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv:

• Ib chav phab ntsa tag nrho (ob qho tib si khoob thiab tag nrho) muaj cov qauv hauv qab no tsis suav nrog: ntev - 390 mm, qhov tob - 190 mm, qhov siab - 188 mm.
• Qhov hu ua hollow phab ntsa ib nrab-thaiv muaj nyob hauv ob qho qauv: 390x120x188 mm thiab 390x90x188 mm.

Raws li rau qhov hnyav ntawm cinder blocks, nws txhua yam nyob ntawm lawv cov qauv thiab ntim

• kev xaiv lub cev tag nrho tuaj yeem hnyav ntawm 25 txog 28 kg;
• cov hnoos qeev feem ntau hnyav txog 18-23 kg;
• qhov hnyav ntawm ib nrab-block yog 10-13 kg.

Sib xyaw

Tsis txhob xav tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov slag niaj hnub muaj tsuas yog cov khoom siv xws li slag. Lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev no tau ua tiav raws sijhawm.

Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntim raws li GOST:

• tshauv ntawm volcanic keeb kwm;
• crushed granite;
• xuab zeb;
• tawg iav / cib / pob zeb ua ke / tawv xis mas;
• nthuav av nplaum;
• pob zeb dej;
• pob zeb tawg;
• ntoo sawdust;
• cov khoom pov tseg xws li slag lossis tshauv.

Nws yuav tsum tau nyob hauv siab tias qhov ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv no nyob ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nws cov khoom. Yog li, lub cev tag nrho yog tsim los ntawm pob zeb, xuab zeb thiab pebbles. Lawv dhau los ua qhov tuab heev thiab hnyav. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yuav muaj cov cua sov zoo heev.

Txhawm rau npaj cov sib xyaw ua kom sib zog ua ke, lawv tig mus rau cov khoom xws li perlite, slag thiab nthuav av nplaum. Cov ntsiab lus uas muaj qhov hnyav thiab tsis muaj thermal conductivity zoo yog tsim los ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Kev qhia txog sawdust yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, tiv tshav kub, tab sis tsis muaj hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv ntxiv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm nag lossis daus.

Saib

Muaj ntau hom kev thaiv. Cia peb ua tibzoo saib lawv cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv.

Corpulent thiab hollow

Ob qho kev xaiv tau nrov heev hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no. Lub cev puv cinder tau siv hauv kev tsim kho lub hauv paus cag, txhua hom kab, txhawb nqa cov tsev ntawm ntau lub tsev, nrog rau hauv qab daus hauv pem teb. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua los ntawm lawv lub zog yam ntxwv.

Cov hnoos qeev feem ntau yog siv los tsim phab ntsa thiab muab faib rau hauv ntau lub tsev. Lawv txawv los ntawm lawv qhov hnyav hnyav, yog li peb tuaj yeem hais tau ruaj ntseg tias lawv tsis hnyav dua tus qauv txhua.

Hniav cladding

Cov ntaub ntawv tsim tsev no tau tshwm sim hauv khw tsis ntev los no. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv uas lawv muaj cov xim txheej. Nws tuaj yeem yog ntawm ib lossis ob sab. Cov txheej cinder thaiv no tsis tsuas yog rov ua ntau yam ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, pob zeb ntuj lossis sib xyaw plaster), tab sis kuj tseem tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ua rau nws tiv taus ya raws thiab ntub dej ntau li ntau tau.

Vim yog cov cuab yeej siv no, tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntxiv rau qhov ua tiav.

Muab faib

Cov hom cinder blocks no tau siv hauv kev tsim kho cov ntu. Lawv khav theeb tus lej ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, piv txwv li, lawv tso cai rau koj los tsim cov phab ntsa nrog cov duab geometry zoo kawg nkaus, txuag cov tshuaj khib, hnyav thiab yooj yim rau nruab.

Xim

Cov hom cinder blocks no tau siv nrog cov khoom siv yooj yim. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog lawv uas tau hais thaum ua laj kab muaj zog, gable lossis tus ncej. Qhov xav tau ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cinder blocks tau ua tiav ntawm theem ntawm lawv cov kev tsim. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ntxiv cov pob zeb liab tawg los yog ntau xim av nplaum rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Hauv paus

Txwv tsis pub, cov ntaub ntawv no hu ua pob zeb dag. Nws khav theeb lub zog yam ntxwv zoo. Ib qho ntxiv, lub hauv paus cinder block khav theeb kev ua haujlwm ntev heev. Sij hawm dhau los, nws tsis tsuas yog tsis ntsws, tab sis kuj tsis raug kev puas tsuaj (tsis tawg). Yog tias koj tab tom tso cov cinder thaiv hauv cov txheej txheem txhim khu kev ntseeg, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog qhov muaj cov kab xev txhawb nqa. Nws txheej yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 1.5 cm.

Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub hauv paus cinder thaiv yog nyob rau txhua qhov xwm txheej ntxiv nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv dej thiab cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev. Tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej twg yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej cov theem no.

Chipped thiab tawg

Tsis ntev los no, nthuav cov cinder nthuav tau tshwm ntawm lub khw muag khoom cov khoom lag luam, saum npoo uas zoo nkauj thiab ua raws li ib hom "ntuag" lossis cov cib tawg. Feem ntau, cov kev xaiv zoo sib xws rau cinder blocks tau siv rau sab nrauv ntawm cov laj kab lossis ntau lub tsev.

Cinder blocks kuj tau faib raws li lawv lub hauv paus tam sim . Yog li, feem ntau yog cov khoom siv raws li slag, arbalite thiab nthuav av nplaum.

Slag raws

Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm slag-based blocks ncaj qha nyob ntawm cov khoom thiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom noj. Qhov no feem ntau txhawj xeeb txog kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (nws qhia tau tias muaj cov khoom tsis zoo nyob hauv lawv). Qhov ntsuas no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum xaiv cov cinder blocks. Lawv yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov zoo rwb thaiv tsev zoo, thiab kev pab lub neej zoo ib yam li cov cib zoo tib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov ntsuas kawg yog nyob ntawm qhov sib xyaw ncaj qha ntawm cov khoom ntim.

Yog tias koj xaiv qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab tom qab ua tiav kom tiav, tom qab ntawd lawv yuav ua haujlwm rau koj ntev heev, thiab hauv ntau qhov ntawm lawv cov kev txwv yuav dhau ntawm cov cib.

Arbolite raws

Hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cinder blocks, raws li lub hauv paus zoo li arbalite, muaj cov yam ntxwv rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov ntaub ntawv no tsis tuaj yeem khav txog kev ua haujlwm ntev, uas yog lawv qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Thaum qhov ntsuas ntsuas tom kawg tau zoo dua qub, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau qis dua. Qhov no yog vim kev ntxiv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam rau lub zog yam ntxwv ntawm cov thaiv. Cov khoom no tsis yog ib puag ncig zoo ib puag ncig.

Raws li nthuav av nplaum

Cinder blocks, uas yog ua los ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav, suav tias yog ib puag ncig zoo thiab nyab xeeb. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev no yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo rwb thaiv tsev, ua ke nrog kev pab lub neej ntev. Qhov zoo ntawm cov cinder blocks yog qhov tseeb nthuav av nplaum puag. Cov ntaub ntawv raw li yog lub teeb yuag, thiab muaj lub ntuj tso rau hauv lawv cov qauv hauv qhov ntau.

Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau hais tias nthuav cov av nplaum cinder thaiv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua tus kws tshaj lij (ob qho kev paub dhau los thiab pib). Cov lus hais no tau lees paub los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais - ntau dua 50% ntawm cov tsev nyob sab Europe tab tom raug tsim los ntawm cov thaiv no.

Nyiaj muas

Thaum xaiv cov cinder blocks rau ib qho haujlwm tsim kho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau lawv cov cim. Qhov ntsuas no qhia txog lub nra uas lub thaiv tuaj yeem tiv taus. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv nrog lub npe nrog lub npe "35" yuav yooj yim thauj cov khoom thauj tsis pub ntau tshaj 35 kg rau 1 sq. cm.

Muaj cov npe ntawm cov cinder blocks:

• M-35 kg / cm2;
• M-50 kg / cm2;
• M-75 kg / cm2;
• M-100 kg / cm2;
• M-125 kg / cm2.

Cinder blocks cim "35" feem ntau yog yuav khoom rau lub hom phiaj ntawm insulating lwm cov khoom siv hauv paus, uas ua rau lub nra hnyav. Cov xwm txheej cim M-50 thiab M-75 feem ntau siv los teeb tsa phab ntsa thiab faib. Cov thaiv nrog lub zog muaj txiaj ntsig M-100 thiab M-125 yog cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov hauv paus ntawm ntau yam qauv. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho cov hauv paus thiab cov qauv nqa khoom. Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav tsum tau xaus tias qhov ntau dua qhov cim ntawm lub zog ntawm cov thaiv, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov nws tuaj yeem tiv taus.

Nws txawv li cas ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv?

Tam sim no, thaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws thiab xav tau. Cov qauv tsim los ntawm lawv tau pom ntawm qhov txaus nyiam. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau hom kev thaiv, thiab ntau tus neeg siv xav tsis thoob tias cinder blocks txawv li cas ntawm lwm txoj kev xaiv. Peb yuav sim teb lo lus nug no.

Los ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab nthuav av nplaum

Cov xuab zeb thiab cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau ua zoo ib yam li cov cinder blocks. Raws li rau lawv tus yam ntxwv ib puag ncig, ntawm no qhov kawg yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov xuab zeb thiab nthuav cov av nplaum xaiv, vim tias cov khoom siv raw rau lawv cov khoom yog cov xuab zeb thiab nthuav av nplaum, uas tuaj yeem khav ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg dawb huv yam tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab txhoj puab heev. Cinder blocks feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom pov tseg.

Ib qho ntxiv, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov xuab zeb thaiv thiab nthuav av nplaum thaiv tsis ntshai qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ntub thiab noo, thiab tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo lub zog. Cinder blocks tsis zoo rau lawv hauv cov ntsuas no.

Los ntawm aerated qhob thiab aerated qhob

Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum nkag siab tias lub cinder block txawv li cas ntawm aerated qhob thiab roj thaiv. Qhov tseeb, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tshaj plaws zoo ib yam. Hauv lawv qhov kev tsim khoom, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog cov tshuaj lom neeg tsim nyog uas muab cov qauv ntxeem tau. Cinder blocks tau ua tshuab - los ntawm nias.

Raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm cov khoom lag luam no, ib tus tuaj yeem txiav txim siab hauv qab no:

• cinder blocks yog qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom, muaj zog thiab muaj zog dua li cov pa roj av, tab sis tsis zoo rau lawv hauv cov cua sov zoo;
• cinder blocks tsis tshua muaj te tiv taus tshaj li cov qhob aerated.

Los ntawm ua npuas ncauj

Ua npuas ncauj thaiv hnub no yog xav tau cov ntaub ntawv, los ntawm qhov lawv tsim tsis tsuas yog tsev, tab sis kuj yog txhua yam kev tsim tawm. Cov ntaub ntawv no zoo ib yam hauv ntau txoj hauv kev rau cov cinder blocks.

Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm cinder blocks thaum tso yog 4-5 cib, thaum cov txheej txheem ua npuas ncauj tuaj yeem hloov tau ntau li 7-8 cib. Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias ua npuas ncauj thaiv tsis zoo hauv tus nqi rau cinder blocks. Tib yam tsis tuaj yeem hais rau nws qhov kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev cua sov thiab qhov hnyav.

Ua npuas ncauj thaiv tau yooj yim dua thiab tsis muaj teeb meem hais txog kev thauj mus los ntau dua li lub cinder block, thiab nws kev teeb tsa tau nrawm dua thiab yooj yim dua. Txwv tsis pub, cov khoom siv hauv tsev no hu ua ecoblock. Nws muaj lub zog muaj zog ntau dua li cov slag version.

Los ntawm cib

Tus tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab yuav ua li cas lub cinder block txawv ntawm cov cib qub zoo. Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia uas tom kawg yog qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg nyiam thiab tau siv hauv kev tsim kho tau ntau xyoo. Hais txog nws cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm thiab tsis ua haujlwm, lub cinder block muaj ntau txoj hauv kev zoo ib yam li cib, thiab hauv qee qhov teeb meem txawm tias dhau nws (qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog lub zog muaj zog).

Hauv qee kis, cov cib ua masonry muaj qib zog ntau dua M-100 . Cinder blocks kuj tseem tsim nrog cov cim siab dua - M125 lossis M -150. Ib qho ntxiv, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem hais tsis tau tias nws nyuaj heev los ua cib nrog koj txhais tes (raws li txoj cai, nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim yog tsis muaj kev paub tsim nyog thiab khoom siv), thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua cinder thaiv koj tus kheej.

Lub tswv yim pab tau

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab tsim lub tsev los ntawm cinder block, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum xub tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov thiab siab tshaj plaws ua tau. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tig mus rau cov kab xev xaiv.

Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov cinder thaiv phab ntsa yog tuab heev . Vim li no, ntau tus kws tshaj lij tau ntsib teeb meem ntawm kev tso cov kav dej thiab cov xov hluav taws xob. Raws li txoj cai, cov kws tshaj lij hauv cov xwm txheej no tig mus rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj pom zoo kom ua tiav cov haujlwm no ua ntej yog tias koj yuav ua qhov no koj tus kheej.

Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev no, ib txwm ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws cov muab tub lim. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog nrog lub plhaub pob zeb, nthuav av nplaum, sawdust thiab pob zeb. Lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig zoo.

Nco ntsoov xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ncaj ncees ntawm cov cinder blocks thaum xaiv txheej txheem. Ib qho ntxiv, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau tus kheej ntawm geometry ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus nyob hauv cov khoom sib txawv.

Txheeb xyuas cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm cov cinder blocks ua ntej yuav khoom - lawv yuav tsum tiaj tus. Tsis tas li, nug txog kev khaws cia cov khoom.

Raws li kev thauj mus los ntawm cinder blocks, pallets feem ntau siv ntawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem tig mus rau kev khaws cia ib yam nkaus. Cov thaiv tsuas yog tso cai khaws cia ntawm cov khoom seem. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab nthab kom tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev phom sij ntawm ntau yam huab cua nag lossis daus. Hollow ntsiab yuav tsum tau muab tso nrog lub voids cia.

Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tau los tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov cinder thaiv uas siv 15 hli ntsia hlau zoo tib yam . - sim lo nws nrog koj txhais tes rau hauv cov khoom hauv qab no. Yog tus ntsia hlau nkag mus, nws yuav qhia tias cov thaiv tsis zoo tshaj plaws.

Thov nco ntsoov tias cov cinder thaiv uas tau tsim tawm yam tsis tau siv lub tshuab tshwj xeeb, hais txog lawv lub zog yam ntxwv, yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov ntsiab lus uas tau ua nrog cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws. Lawv tsuas tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm thaj chaw tsis muaj neeg nyob.

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua koj tus kheej cinder blocks, koj ib txwm tuaj yeem ntxiv qee yam khoom uas ploj lawm. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis txhob hnov qab txog lub sijhawm ua kom khov ntawm cov khoom siv raw, nrog rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua ib feem.

Cinder blocks tsis tuaj yeem khav ntawm cov yam ntxwv rwb thaiv tsev siab, zoo li, piv txwv li, tib lub npuas ua npuas ncauj. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tab tom tsim lub tsev nyob hauv tsev los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no koj tus kheej, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau qhov tuab ntawm cov nqaws. Yog tias lawv dhau los ua tuab heev, tom qab ntawd lub tsev yuav tig mus txias - lub cua sov yuav tawm mus yooj yim dhau ntawm cov nqaws.

Cov txheej tuab tuab heev ntawm cov tshuaj khib (ntau dua 1.5 cm) yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev zoo ntawm cov phab ntsa

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua kom tiav cov cinder blocks nrog cov sib xyaw plaster, ua ntej koj yuav tsum npaj lawv rau cov haujlwm no. Txwv tsis pub, cov plaster yooj yim yuav tsis lo rau cov blocks.

Ua ntej pib nrog kev tsim kho ntawm ib lub tsev tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov cinder blocks, koj yuav tsum tau xam kom raug lawv tus lej xav tau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum suav pes tsawg qhov yuav muaj hauv 1 m3. Piv txwv, cov khoom siv nrog qhov ntsuas 390x190x188 mm tuaj yeem suav ua qhov no: 39x19x18, 8 = 13930; 1,000,000 (ntim lub voos xwmfab): 13930 = 71. Yuav muaj 71 qhov thaiv hauv 1 m3.

Tsis txhob hla ntawm kev yuav khoom cinder blocks. Cov ntaub ntawv pheej yig dhau tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo lossis txawm tias muaj kev phom sij los ntawm ib puag ncig kev pom.