Kev Txwv Rau Paving Slabs: Ua-nws-koj Tus Kheej Teeb Tsa, Qhov Ntau Thiab Cov Duab Ntawm Txoj Kab Rau Txoj Kev Taug Kev, Yuav Ua Li Cas Teeb Tsa Txoj Kev Raug

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Cov pobzeb taug kev yog cov khoom siv tsev uas neeg nyiam tshaj plaws rau kev ua tiav hauv thaj chaw tshwj xeeb, txoj kev taug kev, kev npaj thaj av vaj, thaj chaw ua si. Ua ke nrog kev teeb tsa cov khoom zoo li no, kev txwv (txwv) feem ntau tau teeb tsa ua ke. Cov laj kab no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, lawv sib txawv hauv cov duab, qhov loj thiab xim. Cia peb xam seb yuav xaiv lawv li cas thiab teeb tsa lawv kom raug nrog peb tus kheej tes.

Peculiarities

Paving slab curbs ua haujlwm ntau yam tseem ceeb

1. Lawv ntxiv dag zog rau txheej, ua rau nws tsis kam rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab.
2. Cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes pab tiv thaiv cov pob zeb los ntawm "nkag".
3. Lawv muab qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ntawm txoj kev, thiab tseem pab txhawm rau thaj chaw.
4. Kev teeb tsa lub laj kab tau ua tiav qis dua qib ntawm txheej txheej, vim tias txoj kab ke ntseeg tau txhawb nqa pob zeb paving.

Lawv qhov zoo muaj xws li:

• xaiv ntau xim, textures, duab thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom;
• muaj peev xwm tiv taus te, hloov pauv kub;
• kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig - laj kab yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tso cov tshuaj phem;
• khaws cia cov duab thaum ua kom sov los ntawm lub hnub ci;
• kev teeb tsa yooj yim thiab nrawm uas tsis xav tau kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev txawj ntse;
• muaj peev xwm siv cov cuab yeej kho tau thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa;
• yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas;
• yooj yim rhuav tshem.

Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog kev tawg ntawm qee hom khoom. Feem ntau, cov khoom pheej yig ntawm qhov tsis zoo, tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom, tsis ntseeg tau.

Hom kev txheeb xyuas

Kev faib tawm ntawm txoj kab rau txoj kev taug kev yog ua los ntawm cov khoom , los ntawm qhov uas lawv tau ua. Txhua hom nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, uas koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej ua ntej yuav khoom thiab teeb tsa laj kab.

Pob zeb

Feem ntau, cov khoom zoo li no yog tsim los ntawm granite … Cov npoo ntawm qhov xav tau cov duab thiab qhov ntev yuav tsum tau txiav los ntawm cov pob zeb ntuj. Qhov tshwm sim yog laj kab zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.

Lwm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom pob zeb suav nrog:

• siab zog ntsuas;
• kev ntseeg tau thiab ua tau ntev ntev (cov laj kab laj kab tuaj yeem kav ntev li 40 xyoo, thaum tswj kom muaj kev nthuav tawm sab nraud);
• tiv taus ya raws zoo heev (noo noo nqus coefficient tsis ntau dua 0.45%)

Qhov tsis zoo pob zeb laj kab - lawv cov nqi siab. Cov khoom siv Granite, tsis zoo li lwm yam, yog qhov kim tshaj plaws.

Lwm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov loj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev txwv tag nrho. Vim lawv qhov hnyav, kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem nyuaj.

Qhob

Cov neeg tsim khoom muab 2 hom khoom zoo li no … Lawv tsuas tuaj yeem tsim khoom los ntawm qhob cug los yog nrog kev siv cov khoom txhawb ntxiv . Kev txhawb cov nyom yog qhov ruaj khov dua. Feem ntau lawv ua los ntawm vibropressing. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tsawg kawg 30 xyoo. Cov laj kab uas tsis muaj kev txhawb zog yog tsim los ntawm kev co casting. Lawv pheej yig dua, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv yuav tsis nyob ntev - tom qab kwv yees li 5 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, lub laj kab tsaus ntuj thiab ua npog nrog qhov tawg me me.

Cov khoom ua vaj tse ya raws tiv taus (kev nqus dej noo tsis ntau tshaj 4%) thiab txhim khu kev qha … Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom lag luam zoo tsim raws li GOST los ntawm cov qib qib M400. Cov laj kab ua txhaum cai thev naus laus zis los ntawm qib qis hauv cov cement muaj qis dua cov dej tsis kam. Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig kub, cov dej nqus los ntawm cov pob zeb hloov mus ua dej khov, uas ua rau cov khoom tawg. Raws li cov txheej txheem no, cov kab nrib pleb tsim ua ntej ntawm cov khoom.

Kev ua vaj tsev tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau poob lossis poob qhov zoo nkauj uas twb muaj lawm hauv thawj xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Roj hmab

Lawv tau txais los ntawm kev siv cov log tsheb qub qub. Tus lej ntawm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb muaj nyob hauv cov laj kab roj hmab:

• kev raug mob kev nyab xeeb - cov khoom muag muag thiab ywj ywj, lawv nqus tau qhov poob siab thaum ib tus neeg poob rau lawv;
• zoo yooj ntawm cov khoom, vim qhov uas nws tsis tawg lossis tawg thaum thauj mus los lossis hauv kev siv tshuab kev nyuaj siab;
• tiv taus ya raws tsis txaus;
• muaj peev xwm tiv taus cua sov thiab te tsis muaj deformation;
• ua haujlwm ntev thiab hnav tsis tau zoo - cov khoom tsis hloov pauv thiab tsis plam nws qhov kev nthuav tawm sab nraud thaum raug UV tawg, huab cua nag lossis daus (qhov kev pabcuam lub neej yog tsawg kawg 10 xyoo);
• lub cev hnyav.

Roj hmab thaiv yog ib qho yooj yim rau nruab thiab tuav … Nws tau txiav nrog cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim thiab muaj qhov hnyav qis, uas yooj yim heev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv. Yog tias yog vim li cas ib lossis ntau cov qauv roj hmab raug puas ntsoog, lawv tuaj yeem hloov sai thiab yooj yim nrog cov tshiab.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov yas ciam av ciam teb suav nrog txwv cov xim palette thiab tso cov tshuaj lom mus rau ib puag ncig thaum tso tawm.

Clinker

Cov kev txwv no tau tsim los siv tib lub thev naus laus zis nrog cov cib ntawm tib lub npe. Cov laj kab sib txawv ntawm clinker cib tsuas yog qhov ntev. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov curbs no yog cov av nplaum uas muaj qhov feem pua siab ntawm aluminium oxide . Hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam, lawv tau siv rau extrusion lossis nias tshuab.

Khoom zoo:

• siab compressive zog;
• qhov ua kom ntev ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo (qhov ci thiab xim ntawm cov xim tau khaws cia thaum raug rau qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig);
• tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm - vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb no, cov khoom khaws nws qhov kev nthuav tawm sab nraud hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub nag;
• siab hnav tsis kam (rau cov khoom clinker nws yog kwv yees li 15 npaug siab dua rau pob zeb ua ke);
• nqus dej me me - tsis ntau tshaj 2%;
• kev saib xyuas yooj yim.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm clinker ciam teb suav nrog lawv tus nqi siab.

Los ntawm cov tshuaj polymer-xuab zeb

Polymer sand curbs yog tsim los ntawm cov xuab zeb, cov khoom siv polymer thiab cov xim . Nthuav av nplaum ntxiv rau qee qhov kev hloov kho kom txo tau qhov hnyav. Cov khoom lag luam yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw txhua yam khoom siv, tom qab ntawd ua kom sov thiab ua pwm rau lawv.

Cov laj kab ua los ntawm polymer-sand muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:

• tus nqi pheej yig - cov hom ciam teb no suav tias yog ib qho uas pheej yig tshaj;
• nqus dej tsawg - tsis ntau dua 0.15%;
• siab ceev - txog 1800 kg / m2;
• tsis kam mus rau puas thiab ntau yam kev siv tshuab kev nyuaj siab;
• cov cim qhia tau zoo ntawm kev tiv taus te - cov khoom siv polymer xuab zeb tiv taus los ntawm 300 txog 500 mus;
• muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub tshaj.

Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog tsis yog qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws, nthuav tawm cov khoom siv nrog cua sov muaj zog. Ciam teb ua los ntawm polymer-xuab zeb muaj pes tsawg leeg tau tsim hauv cov xim me me thiab cov duab.

Yas

Yas nkhaus - qhov tsis nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm txoj kev taug kev, txoj hauv kev hauv lub tebchaws lossis hauv tsev ntiag tug. Qhov xav tau qis yog vim lub zog tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom thiab nws nrawm nrawm thaum raug tshav ntuj.

Cov laj kab yas muaj ntau hom

• Kab kab xev . Cov khoom raug muag hauv yob. Txoj siv yog tsim rau kev teeb tsa sib sib zog nqus hauv av. Txoj kev zais zais tsis tau siv los hloov pauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes, vim nws yuav luag tag nrho faus rau hauv av.
• Sectional curbs . Lawv yog cov teeb uas suav nrog cov khoom lag luam ntawm tib lub duab, xim thiab ntau thiab tsawg. Txhua ntu zoo li no muaj cov khawm txhawm rau txhim kho txoj kev nkhaus ntawm ib leeg.
• Kev npaj daws teeb meem … Cov kev hloov kho no muaj raws li cov phiajcim, cov vuas lossis cov vuas.

Txawm hais tias qhov kev txwv yog tsim los ntawm ultra-muaj zog polymers, lawv tseem raug txiav txim siab luv luv . TO qhov zoo cov ntaub ntawv yas suav nrog tus nqi qis, muaj ntau yam, ntau yam duab, qhov ntau thiab xim, kev nthuav tawm sab nraud. Vim lawv qhov hnyav tsawg, cov khoom lag luam tau yooj yim thauj, teeb tsa thiab tshem tawm.

Cov Lus Qhia Xaiv

Thaum yuav cov ciam teb, nws raug nquahu kom muab qhov nyiam rau cov kev daws teeb meem uas ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tib yam li cov vuas. Muaj ntau qhov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai thaum xaiv.

1. Qhov siab … Txhawm rau yuav cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov ntsuas no, koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov siab ntawm lub hauv paus thiab ntxiv lwm 10-20 cm rau qhov txiaj ntsig tshwm sim.
2. Ntev … Txhawm rau txiav txim siab nws, koj yuav tsum suav qhov ntev ntawm ntu kom txiav thiab ntxiv txog 10% rau tus nqi no. Koj yuav tsum ib txwm yuav cov khoom siv nrog cov npoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom lag luam tawg thiab tawg. Thaum txoj kev nkhaus raug thauj, thauj lossis thauj khoom, qee yam ntawm cov khoom yuav raug puas ntsoog.
3. Cov ntaub ntawv lees paub qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom . Ua ntej yuav khoom, koj yuav tsum nug tus muag khoom rau daim ntawv pov thawj khoom tsim nyog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau xyuam xim rau qhov siv tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv - lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob tas sijhawm.

Kev xaiv cov ciam teb zoo thiab kev teeb tsa raug yog qhov tseem ceeb los tswj lub vaj npog rau ntau xyoo.

Kev teeb tsa

Curbs tuaj yeem tso los ntawm koj tus kheej, yam tsis tau ntiav cov kws tshaj lij . Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum npaj qhov tsim nyog cuab yeej , nrog rau kom paub nrog cov kauj ruam ib kauj ruam kev qhia.

Cov cuab yeej thiab khoom siv

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, rau kev teeb tsa ntawm kev txwv, koj yuav xav tau bayonet duav … Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev nqa tawm ntau yam haujlwm hauv ntiaj teb, tso lub hauv paus ntawm cov pob zeb tawg thiab sib tov cov tshuaj cement. Txhawm rau qib ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm lub hauv paus, koj yuav xav tau Tswv OK … Nrog nws txoj kev pab, nws yuav yooj yim kaw cov nqaws. Txhawm rau sib tov cov tshuaj cement, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb … Thaum nqa cov haujlwm loj, nws raug nquahu kom siv phau ntawv los yog hluav taws xob tov khoom tov khoom.

Txhawm rau ua tus cim ntawm txoj kev taug yav tom ntej, koj yuav xav tau roulette , hlua lossis hlua nruj … Nws qhov ntev yuav nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev uas tau ua. Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa txoj kab sib npaug siv tsev theem … Txhawm rau nteg txoj kev txwv, koj yuav xav tau roj hmab rauj , thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov, nws raug tso cai siv hlau rauj hnyav txog li 0.5 kg. Txhawm rau txiav thiab ua cov khoom lag luam, koj yuav xav tau grinder thiab grinder.

Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem teeb tsa, cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yuav xav tau:

• txwv;
• dej xuab zeb;
• nplua los yog nruab nrab pob zeb tawg;
• MAAs qib M400 lossis M500.

Tom qab npaj txhua yam koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm.

Cov theem

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis curbstone suav nrog ob peb kauj ruam

1. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog kev teeb tsa ntawm txoj hauv kev, lawv qhov ntev thiab dav . Ib daim kab xev ntsuas yuav tsum siv kom tswj tau qhov tseeb. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab ciam teb, koj yuav tsum ua cov cim, muab pegs thiab rub txoj hlua nruab nrab ntawm lawv - nws yuav ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thaum ua haujlwm.
2. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog khawb qhov av … Nws qhov tob yuav tsum yog qhov sab saud ntawm ntug kev nce mus txog 10-20 cm saum toj pobzeb. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias hauv qab txoj kev yuav muaj cov xuab zeb tsoo zeb cushion 8-10 cm siab thiab 3-centimeter txheej ntawm cov cement loj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev khawb qhov av txiav txim siab ntawm nws tus kheej - koj tuaj yeem khawb qhov nqaim 30 cm dav lossis xaiv qhov kev nyuaj siab rau tag nrho txoj hauv kev.
3. Tom ntej no los txog qib ntawm lub hauv paus thiab tso lub hauv ncoo . Ntawm qhov tamped hauv qab ntawm lub trench, koj yuav tsum nteg cov pob zeb tawg nrog txheej 5 cm, tom qab ntawd muab cov khoom siv nrog tus pas tuav. Txoj hlua yuav tsum tau sib dhos nrog koj txhais taw, lub pob zeb yuav tsum tau npog nrog ib txheej txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb (3-4 cm), thiab tamped. Txhawm rau kom nrawm dua thiab zoo dua, nws raug nquahu kom ntub cov xuab zeb nrog dej. Qhov kawg tab sis tsis tsawg kawg, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm cov nplaim siv qib tsev.
4. Qib kawg – tso kev txwv … Txhawm rau txhim kho txoj kev nqes hav, koj yuav xav tau cov cement mortar. Rau nws txoj kev npaj, cov pob zeb tawg, cov xuab zeb, cov cement qhuav thiab dej tau muab coj los ua piv txwv ntawm 2 2, 5: 1: 2, feem. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau ua kom sib tov tag nrho cov khoom siv qhuav, tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov kua hauv qhov me me.

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los txwv txoj cai:

• muab lawv tso rau ntawm lub hauv ncoo hauv av thiab kho lawv nrog tshuaj khib rau ntawm ob sab;
• nruab rau ntawm cov cement loj tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov kev txwv ntawm ob sab.

Nws suav tias yog kev ntseeg siab dua installation ntawm kev daws teeb meem . Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau thov ib txoj hlua ntawm cov cement muab tso rau ob peb centimeters dav dua li lub laj kab. Ib txoj kab thaiv tau teeb tsa rau nws thiab ua kom haum nrog txoj hlua thiab qib. Txhawm rau ua kom txoj haujlwm ntawm txoj kev thaiv, siv lauj kaub - thaum cov cement slurry tsis khov, txoj haujlwm ntawm lub laj kab tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim. Txhua yam khoom yuav tsum tau muab tso tawm kom nruj ntawm txoj hlua nruj. Cov cement mortar yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj kev nkhaus - txoj kev no lub pob zeb yuav raug kho kom ruaj khov.

Tom qab kev txhim kho thiab kho cov khoom, txhaws pob qij txha … Rau cov laj thawj no, koj yuav tsum npaj cov av sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement, coj hauv qhov sib piv 1: 1. Cov pob qij txha tau ntim nrog nws, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam nchuav nrog dej. Tom qab ziab, muaj kev ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha tau tsim.

Cov ntov ntab yuav tsum sawv ntsug tsawg kawg 24 teev, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv rau kev tso cov vuas lossis paving pob zeb.

Yuav hloov dab tsi?

Yog tias txoj kev txwv tsis tuaj yeem tso vim yog nyiaj txiag lossis txheej txheem txheej txheem, lwm txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem siv tau:

• nteg txoj hauv kev yam tsis muaj laj kab, thawb cov paving slabs rau hauv qhov tob;
• txhim kho cov ntsiab lus cladding hnyav nrog cov tshuaj khib;
• siv ntoo formwork, thiab nqa pob zeb los ruaj ntseg nws.

Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem ua tau ua laj kab los ntawm cov tiaj tiaj tiaj . Txog kev tsim cov ciam teb zoo li no, cov ntawv raug txiav nrog lub zom rau hauv daim ntawm qhov xav tau ntev thiab dav. Nws raug nquahu kom ua kom cov khoom ntub nrog dej ua ntej txiav kom txo qis cov hmoov av. Kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua hauv daim npog qhov ncauj … Yog tias xav tau, cov ciam teb tuaj yeem pleev xim rau txhua xim.