Larch Ntoo: Cov Yam Ntxwv Thiab Qhov Tsis Zoo Hauv Kev Siv Ntoo Ntoo, Thaj Tsam Thiab Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Larch, Xim

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Larch yog tsob ntoo uas paub rau ntau tus rau nws cov khoom zoo thiab tsis hnov qab tsw. Tab sis tsawg tus neeg paub tias, vim nws tus yam ntxwv, tus tsiaj no tsis zoo dua rau ntoo qhib. Peb tab tom tham txog lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv ya raws, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj nquag siv hauv kev tsim kho. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, larch sawv tau sawv cev dav hauv Far East thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia.

Khoom

Larch yog ntau yam ntawm conifers hauv tsev neeg ntoo thuv. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lo lus tsis paub, nws tsuas yog pom tseeb tias lub npe rov qab mus rau Celtic-Latin lo lus Larix, laridum (cob, tsob ntoo muaj roj vim yog cov tshuaj). Nws yog cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv ntau qhov ntawm larch ntoo uas txawv nws los ntawm ntoo thuv . Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias ua tsaug rau cov tshuaj, tsob ntoo tau txiav txim siab siv tau ntev, txij li nws laus dua, cov tawv tawv tawv dua.

Lub zog nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob (cov ntoo muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv Altai) thiab ntau yam (Venetian alpine larch pawg muaj ntau dua 1000 xyoo).

Larch muaj qee tus yam ntxwv sib xws rau txhua yam ntawm nws

1. Qhov no tsuas yog hom conifer uas tso cov koob rau lub caij ntuj no.
2. Hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, qee zaum koj tuaj yeem pom cov txheej txheem paj zoo nkauj ntawm tsob ntoo. Qhov no yog sawv cev los ntawm pob ntawm kev zoo nkauj txawv txawv.
3. Zoo tiv taus los ntawm tsob ntoo txias (txog -60 degrees).
4. Larch yog tsob ntoo siab. Lub cev tuab ntawm cov ntoo laus tuaj yeem siab txog ib 'meter'.
5. Cov yas ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas larch yog conical. Hauv cov ntoo laus (loj hlob los ntawm 300 txog 800 xyoo), nws yog ovoid.
6. Cov qauv ntoo yog qhov zoo li nws muaj xim nplua nuj, ci.
7. Raws li tau sau tseg, qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog qhov ruaj khov heev. Cov cuab yeej no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshaj tawm hauv cov chaw nrog lub caij ntuj sov ntev, hnyav thiab lub caij ntuj sov luv.
8. Cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo larch muaj qhov zoo - lawv ntev thiab ncaj.

Pros thiab cons

Tsob ntoo muaj tus lej ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cia peb saib cov txuj ci ua ntej.

• Ntoo yog suav tias yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov. Nws tsis txawm rot hauv dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog cov ntsiab lus muaj cov roj ntau, nws nyob ntev dua, nws muaj zog dua.
• Larch tsis raug rau cov kab ntoo, uas tau tawm tsam los ntawm tib cov tshuaj.
• Ntoo tiv taus hluav taws.
• Larch bark thiab resin tau siv dav hauv tshuaj.

Tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, uas suav nrog ntau yam

• Vim nws cov high ceev, nws yog es tsis yooj yim rau tsav ib tug ntsia thawv mus rau hauv qhuav ntoo, uas ua rau nws yooj yim mus siv cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho.
• Cov ntsiab lus siab ua cov yas ua ib qho teeb meem rau sawing raws li nws txhaws rau hauv cov hniav pom, ua rau cov cuab yeej hnav. Koj tuaj yeem pleev xim tsob ntoo tsuas yog tom qab degreasing nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
• Ua ntej siv, larch ntoo yuav tsum tau qhuav hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Thaum xub thawj, nws nyob hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm hom tshwj xeeb "ua kom sov" rau lub sijhawm ntev, tom qab ntawd cov khoom raug rau hom mos kom qhuav. Txwv tsis pub, cov khoom yuav tawg, vim yog nws tsis qhuav kom zoo, nws yuav tawg thiab tawg.

Ntau yam

Ntau tshaj 20 hom larch tau raug txheeb xyuas. Ntawm cov no, 14 loj hlob nyob rau thaj tsam Russia. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, Siberian larch thiab Daurian larch feem ntau yog sawv cev, uas yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam sib txawv.

Siberian larch (tseem hu ua Sukachev's larch) nyob txog 13-15% ntawm lwm yam . Nws tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm cov ceg txuas los ntawm lub cev ntawm txoj cai kaum. Lawv qhov kawg sawv khov kho. Tsob ntoo yog unpretentious heev thiab loj hlob hauv ib puag ncig hauv nroog. Nws yuav luag tag nrho muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg (thiab tawv ntoo, thiab koob, thiab cob).

Daurian larch yog tsob ntoo uas nrov tshaj plaws . Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam uas tsis tiv taus te. Nws loj hlob ntawm ntau cov av, tab sis tsis nyob ntawm cov av marshy ntau dhau, nrog cov dej ntau dhau.

Ntxiv rau Siberian thiab Daurian, European thiab Nyij Pooj (Kempfera) kuj tseem nthuav dav.

European loj hlob feem ntau hauv Tebchaws Europe (Nruab Nrab thiab Sab Hnub Poob). Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias ntau yam no muaj txog 5 hom tsiaj (Horstmann Recurved, Kornik, Puli thiab lwm tus) . Qhov no yog ntau yam siab tshaj plaws: hauv Alps, qhov siab nce mus txog 50 m, lub cev txoj kab uas hla ntau dua 1 m. Hauv Russia, European larch tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau qhov ntsuas no vim yog huab cua puag (ntawm no qhov siab tshaj plaws yuav yog 25 m, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov xwm txheej tas li).

Japanese larch tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm lub tebchaws uas nws tau nthuav tawm thawj zaug . Nws loj hlob dav hauv Kauslim Teb. Siv rau lub hom phiaj zoo nkauj nkaus xwb. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm qhov siab txog li 35 m, nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg cov koob ua daj daj.

Ntxiv rau ntau yam uas tau hais los saum no, kuj paub qhov txawv Kuril, Olginskaya . Thiab tseem yog cov menyuam yug: Amur, Chekanovsky, Lyubarsky, Okhotsk. Tam sim no, txhawm rau txhim kho thaj chaw ntawm tus kheej cov phiaj xwm, koj tuaj yeem yuav hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam thiab ntau yam ntawm cov paj zoo nkauj larch tshwj xeeb tshaj yog bred los ntawm cov kws yug tsiaj. Lawv raug txiav txim siab, tsis zoo li cov tsiaj qus, tsob ntoo ntsias (lawv qhov siab tsis tshaj 2 meters). Cov no yog ntau yam "Puli", "Kornik", "Kreichi" thiab lwm yam.

Cov ntawv thov

Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm larch ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv tau cov khoom siv los ntawm tsob ntoo no ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim kho thiab ua kom tiav thaj chaw: raws li txheej hauv ob sab (daim txiag nyias nyias), lub rooj tsav tsheb, hauv pem teb thiab planken (cov ntaub ntawv tsis-grooved board).

Raws li kev tsim kho, muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tsob ntoo: larch cov khoom siv hauv tsev tuaj yeem tiv taus ib qho kev thauj khoom, uas ua pov thawj nws siv raws li cov nqaj qab nthab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li larch tsis nqus dej noo, thiab tsis muaj zog dua rau ntoo qhib, nws tau siv rau kev tsim cov log tsev, lub qhov rais.

Kev tiv thaiv kom muaj cov av noo siab txiav txim siab siv larch nquag rau kev tsim kho thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav da dej thiab lwm chav uas muaj dej ntau dhau . Txhua qhov kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom larch yog qhov laj thawj vim li cas ntoo kuj tseem siv rau kev tsim cov rooj tog vaj. Nws tsis ntshai nag, daus, hloov pauv qhov kub, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv cov rooj tog larch ntawm qhib verandas thiab terraces.

Larch cov thoob thiab tub, uas tau siv hauv winemaking hauv tib txoj kev li ntoo qhib, muaj npe nrov rau lawv cov kav ntev.

Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas ntau lub tsev qub tsim los ntawm larch tau muaj sia nyob txog niaj hnub no. Cov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj qub vaj tse (Sheremetyev cov cuab yeej cuab tam), cov tsev teev ntuj (St. Basil's Cathedral). Larch tau nquag siv thiab tau siv, nrog rau ntau yam tsis tshua muaj ntoo hauv hav zoov, hauv kev tsim nkoj. Lawv kuj ua cov twj paj nruas tawm ntawm nws.

Raws li rau kev siv ntoo hauv tshuaj, tom qab ntawd tsis tsuas yog rab koob larch tau siv los ua - nws cov tawv ntoo, uas muaj qee yam organic (acids: catechins, flavonoids) thiab tannins, yog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig . Ua tsaug rau qhov no, tincture los ntawm cov tawv ntoo tau siv rau sab nraud siv hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam mob, qhov txhab, nws tiv thaiv qhov pom ntawm cov pos hniav los ntshav. Cov kws kho mob ib txwm thiab cov kws kho mob pom zoo zom zom larch rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov roj roj tau siv dav hauv tshuaj tsw qab rau kev kho mob khaub thuas. Tincture ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua hauv cov mis, raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj, yog tshuaj hnoos zoo.