Cellophane: Nws Yog Dab Tsi? Zaj Yeeb Yaj Kiab Ua Los Ntawm Dab Tsi Thiab Nws Txawv Li Cas Ntawm Polyethylene? Melting Point Thiab Ntau Lawm, Cim

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-16 04:44

Tau ntau pua xyoo, tus txiv neej tau siv zog tsim kom muaj qee yam ruaj khov, hnyav thiab yooj yim rau ntim khoom noj thiab lwm yam. Kev tuaj txog ntawm polyethylene, thiab nrog nws cellophane, dhau los ua qhov kev kov yeej tiag tiag, uas tau txhim kho txhua tus neeg lub neej, ua rau nws yooj yim dua. Ntxiv nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig, muaj qee qhov tsis zoo rau kev siv cellophane, tab sis nrog kev siv raug thiab nruab nrab, cov khoom siv no yog qhov tsim nyog thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Cellophane yog cov khoom siv ua ntim rau khoom noj thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam. Ua tsaug rau cov qauv pob tshab, nws muaj peev xwm pom cov ntsiab lus yam tsis qhia tawm pob . Cellophane zoo li ntom ntom, thiab yog tias kev ntseeg siab ntawm pob tau khaws cia, tom qab ntawd nws nyuaj heev kom tawg nws, txawm li cas los xij, nrog ib lub qhov lossis txiav, pob lossis hnab yuav tsis tiv taus.

Kev tsim cov cellophane pib xyoo 1912, nws tau nquag siv kom txog thaum tsim cov polyethylene . Cov khoom siv tshiab tau cog lus ntau dua thiab yooj yim hauv lub neej txhua hnub, yog li lawv pib tsis kam cellophane.

Tam sim no yuav luag tsis muaj lub hnab tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no, tab sis lawv tau nquag siv nws rau qhwv lub thawv khoom qab zib, cheese, hnyuv ntxwm thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam uas xav tau ntim tab sis pob tshab.

Vim tias muaj koob meej ntawm polyethylene, teeb meem tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua qias tuaj ntawm lub ntiaj chaw, vim tias hnab thiab lwm yam khoom siv polyethylene siv sijhawm ntev heev rau decompose, tsim cov thoob khib nyiab loj thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau dhau mus sai heev, yog li ntau lub tebchaws tau txwv kev siv cov khoom no, thiab ntau tus pib rov tsim cov hnab cellophane . Vim nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub sijhawm decomposition ntawm cellophane yog ob peb zaug tsawg dua li ntawm cov khoom lag luam polyethylene, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo qis ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cellophane ua rau nws nkag siab qhov tseeb ua rau nws muaj ntau yam thiab yooj yim hauv lub neej txhua hnub . Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tau ntsib hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pov tseg cov pob khoom yog lawv cov nplaim taws. Cov hnab yas hlawv sai, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij, thaum lub melting point ntawm cellophane ntau dua, thiab cov khoom tsuas deforms los ntawm hluav taws.

Cellophane tso cai rau ya raws thiab huab cua hla mus, thiab cov khoom siv polyethylene muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom thiab ntim cov khoom ntim. Lub cellophane yog tuab dua, thiab yog tias koj nyem nws, koj tuaj yeem hnov cov yam ntxwv suab nrov thiab ua xeb, thaum lub hnab yas tsis xeb.

Txij li qhov kev siv cellophane tuaj yeem sib txawv, muaj cov cim uas koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom raug nrog qee qhov ntsuas. Kev siv cellophane feem ntau nyuaj, cov zaub mov qib cellophane yog softer; ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom pob tshab thiab dub.

Cov khoom tsis muaj kev phom sij thiab yuav siv sij hawm tsawg xyoo los ua kom puas dua li nws cov polyethylene counterpart.

Keeb kwm keeb kwm

Kev tsim cov cellophane yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim rov qab rau xyoo 1900 rau tus kws tshawb fawb Swiss thiab kws tshaj lij tshuab raj. Jacques Brandenberger, mus ntsib lub tsev noj mov, pom cov dej cawv tawm ntawm cov ntaub pua rooj, thiab tus neeg tos yuav tsum hloov daim ntaub los ntawm lub rooj . Raws li tus kws tshaj lij textile, Brandenberger txiav txim siab los tsim cov khoom siv uas yuav ua kom cov dej noo tawm thiab tiv thaiv nws. Txhua qhov nws tau sim tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis nws tau tswj kom tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab pob tshab uas tuaj yeem tso rau saum cov ntaub.

Kev ua tiav tau tso cai Brandenberger los ntawm 1912 los tsim cov cuab yeej uas tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab pob tshab hauv qhov ntau . Tus kws tshawb fawb tau teev npe cov khoom lag luam tshiab "cellophane", siv cov lus "cellulose" thiab "pob tshab" ua lub hauv paus. Kev tsim tawm mus tau zoo, thiab ib xyoos tom qab Brandenberger tau qhib lwm lub Hoobkas hauv Paris, thiab xyoo 1923 tus kws tshawb fawb tau kos npe pom zoo nrog Asmeskas, thiab nws cov khoom tau nthuav dav mus rau Tebchaws Meskas.

Txawm hais tias ua tau zoo, Brandenberger cellophane muaj qhov tsis zoo: nws yog noo noo permeable . Xyoo 1927, American William Church tau xam pom tias yuav kho qhov teeb meem no li cas. Nws ntxiv nitrocellulose ua rau txheej txheem tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab.

Nrog rau qhov tuaj txog ntawm cov dej pov thawj cellophane, nws tau dhau los siv nws rau ntim khoom noj, uas txuas lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom ntau zaus ntau dua . Lub koob npe ntawm cov khoom lag luam cellophane tau loj hlob sai heev thiab kov yeej cov teb chaws tshiab thiab cov tebchaws. Hauv tebchaws Russia, kev siv cellophane nquag pib hauv 70s, thaum cov khoom siv tshiab tau pib nquag siv hauv ntau yam haujlwm.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tau muab lub zog rau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm cov lus qhia no, thiab sai sai polyethylene tau tshwm sim, uas dhau los ua ntau lub sijhawm nyiam dua thiab tseem siv niaj hnub no.

Saib

Cellophane zaj duab xis yog cov khoom tsim nyog hauv ntau yam haujlwm, yog li nws cov neeg nyiam nyob ruaj khov. Kev tswj kom zoo ntawm cov tuam txhab tau ua tiav raws li GOST 7730-89 rau cellophane. Hauv kev txuas nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov, hom khoom siv rau ntim tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv:

• khoom noj khoom haus;
• hnyuv ntxwm thiab cheese khoom;
• thawv khoom qab zib;
• perfumery khoom;
• Christmas ntoo khoom ua si.

Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv, cellophane tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv sib txawv: ntawm 30 txog 45 g / m2. Muaj 2 lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv no: titer 1 nrog qhov ntom ntawm 33 g / m2 thiab titer 2, uas nws qhov ntom yog 45 g / m2 . Txhawm rau yuav cov khoom lag luam rau ntim khoom noj, koj yuav tsum tau saib rau cellophane hauv cov ntawv cim "P". Txog kev kho mob thiab lub hom phiaj, lub ntim yuav raug sau nrog tsab ntawv "T".

Ntxiv nrog rau qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntais, nws tuaj yeem xaiv cellophane los ntawm qhov dav . Cov yob me tshaj plaws yog 15 cm dav, thiab cov yob loj tshaj plaws ncav cuag 1m 20 cm.

Yog tias peb xav txog lwm qhov kev xaiv ntim khoom, tom qab ntawv cellophane hla qhov zoo sib xws ntawm kev sib tsoo tus nqi: ib yam khoom siv cellophane tawg tag hauv ob peb xyoos, thaum polyethylene analogs zoo ib yam hauv 300 xyoo. Qhov tseeb no tau lees paub los ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb, cellophane ua raws li European tus qauv rau biodegradation ntawm cov khoom ntim EN 13432.

Ntxiv rau cov yob, cellophane tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntawv.

Nws txawv li cas ntawm polyethylene?

Pom txhua hnub nrog cellophane thiab hnab yas thiab lwm yam khoom tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws nyuaj rau ntseeg tias cov khoom zoo sib xws no txawv heev. Qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv pib nrog qhov tseeb tias cellophane yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntuj, thiab polyethylene yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom cuav. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws tsim nyog nkag siab lawv ntau dua hauv kev nthuav dav.

Cellophane	Polyethylene
Cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim khoom yog cellulose, uas ua rau cov khoom biodegradable thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau xwm.	Tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide ethylene hydrocarbon.
Vim nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom siv no muaj qab zib.	Tsis muaj qab hau dab tsi.
Muaj peev xwm thov pleev xim thiab kos duab uas kav ntev heev thiab tsis hnav.	Lub sijhawm luv ntawm kev kos duab.
Cov hnab cellophane nyuaj, xeb thaum kov, muaj qhov du.	Lub hnab yas mos, yooj yim ntsws, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsis xwm yeem, me ntsis roj rau qhov kov.
Nrog rau kev puas tsuaj, cov khoom tawg yooj yim heev, nws tsis tiv taus kev puas tsuaj.	Tiv taus qhov hnyav hnyav zoo, nyuaj rau deform;
Cov khoom siv cellophane tuaj yeem ua tau nplaum, tab sis lawv tsis qiv lawv tus kheej rau kev kho cua sov.	Cov khoom siv polyethylene tsis tuaj yeem lo, tab sis kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev siv cua sov.

Ob yam khoom zoo sib xws hauv qhov tsos, tab sis sib txawv hauv cov yam ntxwv, ua haujlwm sib txawv, yog li ntawd, rau txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj qhov chaw nyob hauv khw rau cov khoom lag luam thiab kev pabcuam. Lub npe ntawm polyethylene yog siab dua, txij li cov nqi ntawm nws cov khoom tsim tau qis dua, thiab tus nqi ntawm ib lub hnab yuav pheej yig dua li cellophane.

Ntxiv rau qhov sib txawv no, nws tsim nyog hais tias cellophane nto yog noo thiab cua tuaj yeem nkag tau, thaum cov khoom siv polyethylene raug kaw tag. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis kam qhib hluav taws.

Yog tias cov tshuaj polyethylene tam sim hluav taws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub, tom qab ntawv cellophane pib yaj thiab ntsws, uas muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.

Cov txheej txheem thov

Vim nws cov huab cua thiab noo noo permeability, cellophane tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim cov qhwv rau cheese thiab hnyuv ntxwm. Nws yog hom ntim khoom uas tso cai rau cov khoom kom "ua pa", uas tsis tso cai rau nws ploj mus, thiab tib lub sijhawm tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom. Kev siv cellophane rau ntim cov khob cij ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom nws tshiab txog li 5 hnub, uas yav dhau los ua tsis tau.

Cov khoom siv no tau qhia cov khoom zoo hauv kev lag luam khoom qab zib . Ntim cov khoom qab zib, tuav, ntim cov khoom qab zib - txhua qhov no zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj thiab muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj vim yog cov qauv ci rau saum npoo. Cellophane khaws cov ntsiab lus ruaj ntseg.

Cov khoom siv kuj tseem siv rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho kom zoo nkauj, npog txhua lub thawv loj. Nws khaws cov ntsiab lus sab hauv, tiv thaiv cov duab los qhia lossis lwm qhov chaw los ntawm kev txhuam, thaum tswj kom pom qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom . Cov yeeb yaj kiab pob tshab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm pom cov khoom txaus siab los ntawm txhua sab yam tsis tau luam tawm nws. Cov yeeb yaj kiab xim yuav hloov pauv qhov khoom plig, zais cov ntsiab lus thiab ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob ntawm ib qho twg.