Polyurethane Ntawv: Cov Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Daim Ntawv, GOST Thiab Daim Ntawv Thov

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-15 04:12

Polyurethane yog cov khoom siv polymer niaj hnub no rau lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm. Hais txog nws cov peev txheej thev naus laus zis, cov polymer tiv tshav kub no ua ntej ntawm cov roj hmab thiab cov khoom siv roj hmab. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm polyurethane muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj xws li isocyanate thiab polyol, uas yog cov khoom lag luam roj av. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov yas ywj pheej muaj amide thiab urea pawg ntawm elastomers.

Niaj hnub no, polyurethane yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam.

Peculiarities

Cov khoom siv Polymer tau tsim tawm hauv cov ntawv thiab cov pas nrig, tab sis feem ntau cov ntawv polyurethane tau thov, uas muaj qee yam khoom:

• cov khoom tiv taus rau kev ua ntawm qee yam acidic Cheebtsam thiab cov kuab tshuaj organic, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li siv hauv tsev luam rau kev tsim cov tshuab luam ntawv, ntxiv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, thaum khaws qee yam tshuaj lom;
• siab tawv ntawm cov khoom tso cai rau nws siv los hloov pauv rau cov ntawv hlau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj qhov ua kom lub zog nce ntxiv mus ntev;
• cov polymer yog cov tiv taus kev co;
• polyurethane khoom tiv taus qib siab;
• cov khoom muaj peev xwm qis rau kev ua kom muaj cua sov, khaws nws cov elasticity txawm tias rho tawm kub, ntxiv rau, nws tuaj yeem tiv qhov ntsuas tau txog + 110 ° C;
• elastomer tiv taus cov roj thiab roj av, nrog rau cov khoom siv roj av;
• ntawv polyurethane muab hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha thiab tseem tiv thaiv kev ya raws;
• cov nplaim polymer tiv taus cov pwm thiab pwm, yog li cov khoom siv hauv cov zaub mov thiab kev kho mob;
• ib yam khoom uas ua los ntawm cov polymer no tuaj yeem raug rau ntau yam kev hloov pauv, tom qab uas lawv rov coj lawv cov duab qub yam tsis poob lawv lub zog;
• polyurethane muaj qib siab ntawm kev hnav tsis kam thiab tiv taus kom puas

Cov khoom siv polyurethane muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab hauv lawv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua hlau, yas thiab roj hmab.

Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov ua kom muaj cua sov ntawm cov khoom siv polyurethane yog tias peb txiav txim siab nws ua cov khoom ua kom sov . Lub peev xwm los ua lub zog cua sov hauv elastomer no nyob ntawm nws qhov porosity, qhia hauv qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom. Qhov ntau ntawm qhov ua tau ceev rau qib sib txawv ntawm polyurethane yog los ntawm 30 kg / m3 txog 290 kg / m3.

Cov qib ntawm thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom nyob ntawm nws cov cellularity.

Cov tsawg muaj kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hollow hlwb, lub siab dua cov kev ceev ntawm lub polyurethane, uas txhais tau hais tias cov tuab cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ib tug ntau dua degree ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev.

Theem ntawm thermal conductivity pib ntawm 0.020 W / mhK thiab xaus ntawm 0.035 W / mhK.

Raws li qhov flammability ntawm elastomer, nws yog rau G2 chav kawm - qhov no txhais tau tias qib nruab nrab ntawm cov nplaim taws . Cov peev txheej feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv polyurethane tau muab cais ua G4, uas twb tau suav tias yog cov khoom siv tau. Lub peev xwm hlawv tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov muaj cov pa huab cua hauv cov qauv qis elastomer piv txwv. Yog tias cov tuam txhab tsim hluav taws xob polyurethane xaiv chav kawm flammability G2, nws txhais tau tias cov khoom siv muaj cov nplaim hluav taws kub, vim tias tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los txo qhov kub hnyiab ntawm cov polymer no.

Qhov ntxiv ntawm cov hluav taws kub nyhiab yuav tsum tau qhia hauv daim ntawv pov thawj khoom, vim tias cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub cev lub cev ntawm cov khoom.

Raws li qib kev kub nyhiab, polyurethane tau muab cais ua B2 chav kawm, uas yog, rau cov khoom lag luam tsis yooj yim.

Ntxiv rau nws cov yam ntxwv zoo, cov khoom siv polyurethane kuj muaj tus lej tsis zoo:

• cov khoom raug rau kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm phosphoric thiab nitric acid, thiab tseem tsis ruaj khov rau kev ua ntawm formic acid;
• polyurethane tsis ruaj khov hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj cov tshuaj chlorine siab lossis acetone sib xyaw;
• cov khoom muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib tsoo nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm turpentine;
• nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv qhov nruab nrab alkaline, elastomer pib tawg tom qab qee lub sijhawm;
• yog tias polyurethane tau siv sab nraum nws qhov ntsuas kub ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj thiab lub cev lub zog ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv rau qhov tsis zoo.

Elastomers ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau nthuav tawm ntawm Lavxias kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv polymer tsim. Polyurethane tau muab rau Russia los ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Asmeskas thiab Tuam Tshoj . Raws li rau cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev, feem ntau ntawm kev muag khoom muaj cov ntawv polyurethane ntawm SKU-PFL-100, TSKU-FE-4, SKU-7L, PTGF-1000, LUR-ST cov npe thiab lwm yam.

Yuav tsum muaj

Kev ua tau zoo polyurethane yog ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm GOST 14896. Cov khoom ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum yog raws li hauv qab no:

• lub zog tensile - 26 MPa;
• elongation ntawm cov khoom thaum tawg - 390%;
• polymer hardness ntawm Shore scale - 80 units;
• tawg tsis kam - 80 kgf / cm;
• txheeb ze ceev - 1,13 g / cm³;
• tensile ceev - 40 MPa;
• ua haujlwm kub ntau - los ntawm -40 txog + 110 ° C;
• cov khoom xim - pob tshab lub teeb daj;
• txee lub neej - 1 xyoos.

Cov khoom siv polymer tiv taus hluav taws xob, ozone thiab hluav taws xob ultraviolet . Polyurethane tuaj yeem khaws nws cov khoom thaum siv hauv siab txog 1200 bar.

Vim nws cov yam ntxwv, cov elastomer no tuaj yeem siv los daws cov haujlwm ntau yam uas cov roj hmab zoo tib yam, roj hmab lossis hlau sai sai.

Saib

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm qib siab ntawm lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv tshwm sim yog tias cov khoom lag luam tau ua raws li cov cai hauv xeev cov qauv. Ntawm kev ua lag luam rau cov khoom lag luam, polyurethane ua cov khoom siv feem ntau tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pas nrig lossis cov phaj. Daim ntawv ntawm cov elastomer no tau tsim nrog tuab ntawm 2 txog 80 hli, cov pas nrig yog los ntawm 20 txog 200 hli txoj kab uas hla.

Polyurethane tuaj yeem tsim ua kua, ua npuas dej thiab daim ntawv

Ua kua elastomer yog siv rau kev ua cov txheej txheem tsim tsev, ntu ntawm lub cev, thiab tseem siv rau lwm hom hlau lossis cov khoom siv ua vaj tse uas tsis muaj zog tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua ib puag ncig.

Foamed polyurethane yam siv rau kev tsim cov ntawv rwb thaiv tsev. Cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho rau sab nrauv thiab sab hauv rwb thaiv tsev.

Polyurethane ntawv yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim hlau lossis cov khoom lag luam ntawm qee qhov kev teeb tsa.

Lavxias ua polyurethane muaj pob tshab lub teeb daj. Yog tias koj pom liab polyurethane, tom qab ntawd koj muaj qhov sib piv ntawm Suav keeb kwm, uas tau tsim tawm raws li TU thiab tsis ua raws li GOST cov qauv.

Qhov ntev (kho kom raug)

Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev ntawm polyurethane tsim lawv cov khoom hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. … Feem ntau, cov phaj uas muaj qhov loj me ntawm 400x400 mm lossis 500x500 mm tau nthuav tawm ntawm Lavxias khw, qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm 1000x1000 mm thiab 800x1000 mm lossis 1200x1200 mm yog qhov tsawg me ntsis . Kev loj ntawm cov laug cam polyurethane tuaj yeem tsim nrog qhov ntev ntawm 2500x800 mm lossis 2000x3000 mm. Hauv qee kis, cov tuam txhab tau xaj ntau thiab tsim cov phaj polyurethane raws li cov kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tuab thiab loj.

Cov ntawv thov

Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm polyurethane ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv nws hauv ntau yam kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm:

• rau sab hauv kab sib tsoo thiab sib tsoo kab, thauj kab, hauv bunkers thiab hoppers;
• rau sab hauv cov thawv ntim tshuaj hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj lom;
• rau kev tsim cov xovxwm tuag rau forging thiab stamping khoom;
• rau kev sib khi cov khoom sib hloov ntawm cov log, cov ncej, cov menyuam;
• los tsim kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hauv pem teb npog;
• raws li tiv thaiv kev co ntsaws ruaj ruaj rau qhov rai thiab qhov rooj qhib;
• rau kev npaj tiv thaiv qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm lub pas dej, hauv chav dej, hauv chav sauna;
• hauv kev tsim cov khoom tiv thaiv rau sab hauv thiab lub nra ntawm lub tsheb;
• thaum npaj lub hauv paus rau kev teeb tsa cov cuab yeej siv nrog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev co;
• rau cov ntaub qhwv rau cov cav tov thiab khoom siv.

Cov khoom siv Polyurethane yog cov khoom lag luam hluas hauv kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no , tab sis ua tsaug rau nws qhov ntau yam, nws tau dhau los ua neeg paub. Cov elastomer no yog siv rau O-rings thiab dab tshos, cov menyuam thiab cov hav txwv yeem, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj hydraulic, txoj siv thauj khoom, yob, sawv, cua hauv qhov dej thiab lwm yam.

Hauv kev siv tsev neeg, polyurethane tau siv hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khau, ua raws li cov txheej txheem yas, cov menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si, hauv pem teb tiv thaiv plam txheej rau marble ntaiv thiab chav dej yog ua los ntawm elastomer.