Cov Plag Tsev Ntoo: Cov Ntoo Txuas Nruab Nrab Ntawm Cov Plag Tsev Hauv Ib Lub Tsev Ntiav. Ntaus Ntawv, Suav Thiab Teeb Tsa Tus Qauv, Hauv Av Tuab Thiab Kev Pab Lub Neej

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Nrog txhua qhov kev nyiam ntawm kev tsim cov pob zeb thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws, qee qhov nws yooj yim ua tsis tau yog tsis muaj ntoo. Nws kuj tseem siv hauv kev tsim cov plag tsev. Tab sis txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua yuam kev, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nkag siab txog cov qauv ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm nws kev tsim kho.

Peculiarities

Hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov plag tsev ntoo, ib tus yuav tsum tau taw qhia tam sim ntawd qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim ntawm hauv qab daus lossis chav nthab ntawm lub tsev. Ob qho yog qhov kev xaiv ntau tshaj plaws; nws tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los tsim kev sib tshooj hauv lwm qhov chaw. Yeej, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov txheej txheem thaiv suav nrog kab teeb los ntawm ib qho bar lossis cav. Yam yuavtsum tau kawm uantej yog kev kaw ob tog nrog cov ntaub ntawv lossis lub rooj ntoo zoo. Thaum npaj cov ntoo hauv tsev, nco ntsoov xav txog yuav ua li cas:

• nws muaj peev xwm nqa tau;
• cov yam ntxwv thermal;
• cov khoom siv suab.

Hauv qee kis, koj yuav tsum:

• siv rwb thaiv tsev (feem ntau sab hauv tus qauv);
• siv cov pa thaiv;
• ua tib zoo xaiv qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm kab teeb, suav nrog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm kev cuam tshuam.

Cov plag tsev thiab cov nthab hauv tsev tau tsim los ntawm fibreboard thiab chipboard, los ntawm cov pawg thawj coj thiab cov plywood. Muab nws txhua yam yuav tsum hla kab teeb.

Heev feem ntau, sheathing yog txuas ncaj qha ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm hauv pem teb . Tom qab ntawd tus qauv ua haujlwm ib txhij ua lub qab nthab rau chav qis thiab ib qho subfloor los saum toj no. Feem ntau, cov plag tsev raug ntsia; yog tias lawv tsis siv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kabmob yuav phem dua.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm ib nqaj mus rau lwm qhov yog qee zaum txo qis yog tias nws cuam tshuam nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub lawj.

Lub hauv paus / plinth sib tshooj yog tsim los ntawm:

• cov laug cam tsis tau;
• slab;
• log yob.

Pros thiab cons

Nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig los sib piv cov ntoo thiab cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog ntxiv, vim nws yog ob txoj kev xaiv no uas dhau los ua cov neeg sib tw tseem ceeb. Cov nqaj hlau tau pom meej siv tsawg dua thiab feem ntau yog kev tsim thiab tsim tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom ntoo yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov hnyav sib piv. Rau 1 sq. m. ntoo suav txog 350-400 kg.

Cov pob zeb ntxiv, txawm tias "hnyav", tsis tuaj yeem hnyav dua 700 kg rau 1 sq. m.

Txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsev tsim qauv tsis tsuas yog ua kom yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa thiab ua kom yooj yim thauj cov khoom thauj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem txo qis. Thiab lub sijhawm kom tau txais nrog "yooj yim" lub hauv paus yog qhov txaus nyiam heev. Yog tias qhov dav me me, thiab cov theem tso rau hauv yog nquag, tom qab ntawd cov ntoo tuaj yeem tso tawm yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej nqa tshwj xeeb. Tswj kom tau txais los ntawm kev coj ncaj qha ntawm cov neeg koom nrog hauv kev tsim kho lawv tus kheej.

Nws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb los hais txog kev ua haujlwm siab. Cov ntoo hauv pem teb tau ua tiav hauv ob peb qhov kev hloov pauv. Ua kom txoj haujlwm nrawm dua thaum siv cov pob zeb txhawb nqa yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias muaj qee kis thaum slabs zoo dua ntoo. Txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntoo deforms yooj yim heev.

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom pom li cas hauv pem teb vibrates thaum taug kev mus. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis ua rau txhua tus neeg nkag siab yuam kev . Tab sis vim qhov hloov pauv me dhau, cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tshwm hauv txheej txheej ntawm plaster, qee zaum cov nqaws uas cais cov ntawv ntawm cov txheej txheem tiav qhib.

Feem ntau, cov plag tsev tawv tawv tau siv ua cov txheej txheem rau cov ntoo hauv tsev. Tom qab ob peb xyoos, cov suab tsis txaus ntseeg tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Pob zeb pem teb tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Nws tseem dampens suab ntau npaum li ua tau zoo. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov suab nrov tsis zoo los ntawm cov ntoo los ntawm kev ntxiv rov qab ntxiv. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li yooj yim thiab nrawm ntawm kev tsim kho tau ploj mus. Ib qho ntxiv, ua qhov sib tshooj hnyav dua tsis tas yuav pab daws qhov teeb meem tag nrho.

Cov ntoo tuaj yeem hlawv tau, hluav taws kis tau los ntawm lawv sai heev . Ob qhov tsis zoo tuaj yeem txo qis, tau kawg, los ntawm kev tshwj xeeb impregnations . Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws twb tsis muaj peev xwm hais tau meej txog qhov ntuj tsim ntawm kev sib tshooj, txog nws qhov kev huv huv. Cov impregnations yuav tsum tau rov ua dua ib ntus, raws li lawv maj mam poob lawv cov khoom.

Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ua rau tus nqi tsim kho thiab kho loj dua.

Tsob ntoo tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm pwm thiab lwm yam fungi, los ntawm ntoo ntoo . Nws yog qhov rhiab heev rau kev nkag mus rau noo noo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj txhoj puab heev. Tsov ntoo, cov tsos ntawm cov kab nrib pleb feem ntau tau sau tseg. Cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm txawm tias zoo nkauj ntoo hauv pem teb nrog kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws tsis pub dhau 50 xyoo. Thaum kawg, kev txhawb nqa pob zeb yeej yeej hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev phom sij loj ntawm av qeeg.

Kev xav tau

Thaum tsim cov ntoo hauv pem teb koj tuaj yeem tsom mus rau cov cai los ntawm SNiP II-25-80 . Raws li tus txheej txheem no, nws yuav tsum tau muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv dej nkag mus thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom lom lom. Hauv cov chaw uas raug rau ib puag ncig txhoj puab heev, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tiv thaiv kev xeb. Kev suav rau lub peev xwm kev coj tus kheej thiab qib tsis tseem ceeb ntawm kev deformation tau ua tiav ua ntej. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom siv cov ntoo ntoo txuas yog tias huab cua kub txawm tias lub sijhawm luv tshaj 35 degrees.

Ntoo coniferous yog qhov zoo dua rau kev ua haujlwm. Hauv qee kis, cov ntoo tawv tawv tau siv. Raws li GOST 4981-87, kab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo mos mos. Rau cov tuav tuav, siv cov ntoo tawv tawv uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau tsim tau raug tso cai.

Koj siv tsis tau tsob ntoo uas phem tshaj qib thib ob . Koj tseem tsis tuaj yeem siv cov khoom ntawd nyob rau hauv uas qhov kawg-rau-kawg tawg ntev dua 0.1 m . Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm pab pawg yug tsiaj thiab ntau yam yog ua kom pom kev. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ua phem, lawv tau coj rau cov lus qhia ntawm GOST 2140 . Qab nthab interfloor hauv lub tsev ntiag tug tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntau, tab sis yuav tsum xav txog lwm qhov ntxiv. Yog li, hauv chav nthab, koj yuav tsum ntxiv dag zog rau kab teeb.

Qhov ntev tshaj plaws yog 8 m. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntoo yog 0.05x0.15 m, thiab qhov loj tshaj yog 0.14x2.4 m. ua pov thawj qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom. Nws raug tso cai siv kab teeb ua los ntawm cov cav ntoo uas muaj xuab zeb.

Cov kws tshaj lij qhia kom ua kom qhuav tag nrho cov haujlwm ua ntej tso rau hauv qhov chaw xaiv. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib nqaj mus rau lwm qhov yog 0.6-1 m. Qhov ntsuas no cuam tshuam los ntawm:

• tus naj npawb ntawm cov plag tsev hauv tsev;
• thauj tus nqi;
• tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm tus qauv.

Qhov ntev ntawm kab teeb yuav tsum yog xws li lawv tau khov kho los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb . Kev npaj ntawm hauv pem teb hauv qab nthab txias nws muaj nws tus kheej nuances. Txij li nws ua ke nrog kev thauj khoom thiab kev ua kom sov-insulating, nws yuav tsim nyog los nruab ib txheej ntau txheej. Ib feem ntawm "ncuav qab zib" thiab lawv cov lej tau xaiv ua tib zoo li ua tau. Cov tsev uas tsis nyob hauv tsev tuaj yeem tsim kho yam tsis muaj qhov ua tiav.

Raws li rau kab teeb, lawv tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qhov ua kom pom ntawm phab ntsa, lossis phab ntsa hauv cov ntu uas nthuav tawm no. Koj tsis tuaj yeem siv tsob ntoo yog tias lub tsev ntev dua 10 m. Txawm tias ntau dua, qhov ntev dua 6 m tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, uas yog kim dua li cov ntoo yooj yim. Ntxiv rau rwb thaiv tsev, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv dej thiab tiv thaiv cov pa . Cov ntoo hauv pem teb thib ob tuaj yeem siv tau hauv cov cib lossis cov tsev ua vaj tsev.

Kev txwv (qhov tseem ceeb) theem ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cuam tshuam thiab cov hauv qab daus yog yam tsawg kawg 210 kg rau 1 sq. m. Yog tias lub nthab nyob rau saum, ces daim duab no tsawg kawg yog 105 kg. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm chav tsev nyob lossis thaum khaws ntau qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom hnyav, lawv tau coj los ntawm qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws.

Cov qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau 1 lm yog 0, 004 m

Thaum tso cov vuas luaj ceramic thiab lwm yam txheej hauv pem teb hnyav tus kheej deflection ntawm cov ntoo hauv tsev yog txwv rau 0, 0025 m rau 1 rm . Tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov neeg tsis nyob hauv tsev-siv nthab, koj tuaj yeem nce qib tso cai rau 0, 005 m.

Tom qab ntawd yav tom ntej, yog tias koj xav tau kho lub tsev nthab yooj yim rau hauv nthab, koj yuav tsis tau kho dua hauv pem teb. Koj kuj yuav tsum xav txog kev tiv thaiv suab. Tsis pub ntau tshaj 50 dB ntawm cov suab tsis txaus yuav tsum dhau mus rau qhov chaw nyob. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj suab nrov, uas tseem yog rwb thaiv tsev . Tom qab ntawd nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim thiab qee qhov ua kom pom tseeb "ncuav qab zib".

Thaum suav lub suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm ob-zaj tsev, nco ntsoov tias lub suab nrov tseem tuaj yeem hla cov kav dej. Yog tias lawv yog, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tig mus rau cov kws tshaj lij, tsis yog pheej hmoo poob qhov kev nplij siab . Tsis hais txog qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv ntoo thiab hauv pem teb uas tsim hauv pem teb, nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tua hluav taws thiab cov tshuaj tua kab. Tsis txhob siv cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov uas tsis tso pa kom dhau mus. Txwv tsis pub, kev puas tsuaj sai ntawm cov txheej txheem nqa khoom yog qhov tsis yooj yim sua.

Cov ntoo hauv pem teb saum lub plinth lossis lub hauv paus grillage tau tsim tsa nkaus xwb nrog kev siv lub bar cranial. Tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv hauv av kom zoo txaus. Yog hais tias sawdust, txua tau raug coj mus rau rwb thaiv tsev, tom qab ntawd lawv kuj tau ua kom tsis huv antiseptics thiab cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab . Kom tsis txhob ntub dej los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog hauv av, yuav tsum tau lev impervious . Hauv cov chav ntub, nws kuj tseem tso rau saum.

Thaum tsim cov plag tsev hauv ib chav tsev, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv txoj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws zoo. Koj tseem yuav tsum tshem tawm qhov khoob me me uas yuav txwv los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas.

Saib

Muaj ntau hom tawv ntoo hauv tsev. Lawv nyob ntawm qhov muaj cov hauv qab daus thiab seb thaj chaw tau sov lossis tsis yog. Thaum cov tsev nyob hauv tsev nyob rau saum toj, tau siv daim ntawv cog lus hauv av. Cov qauv saum toj no hauv qab daus lossis hauv qab daus yog hu ua hauv qab daus lossis hauv qab daus. Txij li qhov no qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov sib txawv heev, koj yuav tsum siv:

• chav thaiv;
• tshav kub-reflecting zaj duab xis;
• insulated txheej (txheej ntawm tuab tuab).

Thaum hauv pem teb tau tso ncaj qha rau hauv av, siv kev txhawb nqa taw. Tab sis muaj lwm txoj kev xaiv - ua ntej, lub hauv ncoo ntawm qhob yog nchuav, thiab tom qab ntawd cov lags tau tso tawm. Beam qab nthab ntawm hom ib txwm siv hauv cov tsev nyob thiab hauv nthab. Hauv qhov no, tsis txhob siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb insulating. Kuj tseem tsis xav tau kev kho nrog cov dej tsis sib xyaw.

Thaum qhov kev sib tshooj ua dhau los ntawm kab ntoo lossis cav, qhov dav tshaj plaws yog 15 m. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj, koj yuav tsum txwv koj tus kheej mus rau 6 m spans. Yog muaj ntoo tav tav hauv qab qab nthab, qhov ncua yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5 m. Ntau -lub nqaj lossis ua ke (ntoo-hlau) tav, koj tuaj yeem nce qhov ntev txog 12 m. Thaum kawg, thaum siv cov khoom nqaj-kab tav tav rau kev txhawb nqa, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov dav ntawm 15 m kom nyob ntsiag to.

Kev sib tshooj, tsa ntawm kab teeb lossis cav, yog siv ntev tshaj plaws. Nws tau mastered nyob rau hauv antiquity. Cov kabmob tseem ceeb yog cov duab plaub lossis plaub fab. Lawv tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo tawv, thiab tom qab ntawd tau nce ntawm 0, 6-1, 5 m. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no uas siv cov nplaum los yog cov kab plywood. Ua tsaug rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, nws hloov tawm tsis phem dua li hauv cov qauv qub.

Cov kab duab plaub tau kawm tam sim no kom ua tsis tau tsuas yog khoom, tab sis kuj nrog qhov khoob hauv. Kev tso kab teeb uas zoo ib yam li lub voj voos lossis ib lub oval tau debugged. Thiab tseem muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv, zoo ib yam li I-beam nyuaj. Qhov sib txawv kuj tseem yuav cuam tshuam txog qhov sib tshuam ntawm phab ntsa.

Txhawm rau txhim kho lub nqaj ntawm phab ntsa, tsis muaj cov txuj ci tshwj xeeb, koj yuav tsum tsoo los ntawm cov zes tshwj xeeb … Lawv yuav tsum mus tob tsawg kawg yog 0.15 m . Feem ntau qhov tob ntawm kev khawb av mus txog 2/3 ntawm cov khoom txheej.

Thauj tog rau nkoj yog siv ncaj qha rau ntawm kab teeb. Yog tias muaj txoj hlua khi, kev txuas rau nws tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb, cov thauj tog rau nkoj lossis cov tuav. Cov khoom sib dhos tau teeb tsa ntawm phab ntsa cav, tuav hauv qhov chaw los ntawm cov ntsia hlau muaj zog.

Kev sib tshooj ntawm cov ntoo txhais tau tias yog siv cov laug cam nrog tuab ntawm 0.04-0.05 m. Lawv qhov siab yog los ntawm 0.2 txog 0.28 m. Hauv qab nws, kab tav tau teeb tsa txhua txhua 0.3-0.6 m. Tseem ceeb: cov kab tav yuav tsum tsuas muaj lub duab plaub, tab sis tsis yog I-seem (txwv tsis pub lawv yuav raug txiav txim siab)

Muab xam los

Tsis hais txog kev siv thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb, yuav tsum ua tib zoo suav daws. Tsuas yog lawv tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov tsis tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Tsis xav tias lawv nyob hauv qee qhov teeb tsa tsis nruj, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lej. Thaum txiav txim siab qhov ntev, lawv tau ua los ntawm cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yog tias qhov ntev ntawm txhua qhov slab yuav haum raws qhov ncua . Ua ntej suav, lawv pom tias cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau raus dej hauv phab ntsa li cas thiab yuav kho nws li cas.

Hauv ib lub cib los yog hauv cov blocks, lub rooj tsav xwm tau teeb tsa ntawm 0.1 m, ib qho bar ntawm 0.15 m . Txhawm rau tsim hauv pem teb hauv tsev ntoo, notches yog tsim los ntawm 0.07 m . Thaum koj npaj yuav txuas kab teeb rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb xws li tus quab lossis tus ncej, qhov ntev ntawm kab nqes raws qhov loj ntawm qhov ncua kom tau npog. Yog tias cov kab teeb raug coj tawm, cov ceg rafter tau txuas ncaj qha rau lawv; tus nqi tso tawm yog los ntawm 0.3 txog 0.5 m . Tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them rau lub xam ntawm loads. Lawv tus nqi tag nrho suav nrog:

• tus kheej qhov hnyav sib tshooj;
• qhov hnyav ntawm pem teb tiav;
• ntau rooj tog;
• ntau yam khoom qub thiab kho kom zoo nkauj;
• thauj los ntawm qhov muaj thiab txav ntawm tib neeg.

Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tsis raug, nws raug nquahu kom hu rau cov kws tshaj lij . Tab sis yog tias koj muaj qee qhov kev paub, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov kev suav koj tus kheej. Rau cov plag tsev hauv qab nthab insulated nrog cov ntxhia pob zeb lossis lwm yam khoom siv lub teeb, lub nra ntawm 50 kg rau 1 sq. m. Txhawm rau kom paub qhov ua haujlwm hnyav tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm. Nco ntsoov siv qhov sib piv (feem ntau 1, 3, tshwj tsis yog qhia lwm yam) hauv kev suav rau lub zog thiab ntu.

Thaum suav qhov sib tshooj, ib qho txiaj ntsig tau muab sib npaug nkaus xwb. Rau nquag siv cov nthab thiab nthab, qhov kho kom raug tau nce mus rau 1, 5. Tib yam ua tiav yog tias koj npaj yuav siv cov ntim hnyav. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, txhua qhov kev suav ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kheej kab teeb tau ua rau ntu plaub fab. Tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb yog thaum muaj kev teeb tsa sib txawv tau muab thawj zaug.

Qhov siab ntawm lub duab plaub yuav tsum ib txwm loj dua qhov dav. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov siab yog cuam tshuam feem ntau los ntawm cov tuab ntawm txheej rwb thaiv tsev. Hauv cov vaj tsev thav duab, nws raug nquahu kom ua ib qib nruab nrab ntawm cov ntu, uas ua ke nrog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov lus. Yog tias siv cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv tuab, lawv kuj tseem raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum suav qhov hnyav. Lwm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm.

Kev teeb tsa tshuab

Cov ntoo hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov plag tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub los ntawm kev txhawb nqa thiab cov txheej txheem. Txhawm rau xaiv cov cav, koj yuav tsum coj mus rhaub lawv nrog lub taub qab ntawm rab taus . Feem ntau, lub suab nrov nrov tau hnov. Cov qhov uas cov kab teeb yuav raug teeb tsa yuav tsum tau ua kom huv . Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau npog nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv dej (feem ntau yog cov khoom vov tsev). Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem tso chav hauv pem teb lawv tus kheej.

Txog koj cov ntaub ntawv: kev so hauv cov phab ntsa cib raug kho nrog bitumen lossis bituminous mastics. Tib cov bitumen muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau txheej qhov kawg ntawm kab teeb. Hauv cov tsev ntoo, kev txhawb nqa feem ntau raug txiav raws li "dovetail" system. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj hauv kev no yog qhov yooj yim thiab ruaj khov zoo.

Hauv qee kis, siv cov laug cam, lawv siv girder kev . Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua, yog tias tsuas yog vim 100% txawm tias lub rooj tsavxwm tsis tshua muaj neeg pom . Txawm nyob hauv tsev ntiav, ua liaj ua teb npog thaj tsam loj dua zoo dua.

Kuj qee zaum siv beam I-nqaj . Nws ntev dua li lub rooj tsavxwm, tib lub sijhawm nws tsis raug ziab thiab sib ntswg. Cov kab teeb zoo li no feem ntau yog tsim hauv cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam. Saum toj thiab hauv qab koj cov menyuam yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo uas tau npaj tseg. Plywood los yog cov lus qhia slabs tau muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ncuav mog qab zib.

Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias I-kab teeb yuav tsum tau siv (sawed) ntau, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem plam ntau yam kev sib txuas lus. Kev mloog yuav tsum tau them rau cov pa thaiv ntawm lub qab nthab hauv hauv pem teb ntoo. Nws tau ua tiav yog tias muaj chav txias txias nyob saum.

Cov npog zoo li no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj hauv qab nthab tsev . Tab sis koj tseem yuav tsum tau npog los ntawm cov pa ua cov cladding ntawm cov nqes hav thiab cov thav duab ntawm rafters. Cov teeb meem vapor yog ua los ntawm iav, polypropylene lossis polyethylene. Nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg teeb tsa, cov txheej no tau glued lossis ntsia nrog slats. Tsuas yog tom qab qhov thaiv cov pa yog qhov rwb thaiv tsev hauv lub ncuav. Nws tuaj yeem nthuav tawm:

• ntau yam yob;
• rov qab;
• tshav kub-impermeable slabs.

Feem ntau, qhov khoob ntawm kab teeb tau sau. Tsuas yog qee zaus lawv nyiam tso tawm kev tiv thaiv cua sov ntawm cov nplais ntxhib lossis cov nplais. Nws raug nquahu kom insulate, tiv thaiv los ntawm kev nkag mus rau txhua qhov faib uas nyob ib sab ntawm qab nthab . Kev saib xyuas tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau them rau qhov tso pa tawm ntawm cov ntoo hauv av. Nws yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv kom zoo zoo li sai tau. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub chimney ntawm qhov chaw sib tshuam nrog lub qab nthab yuav tsum dav dua li ntawm qhov tseem ceeb . Kev kho kom nruj ntawm qhov zawj nrog kev sib tshooj yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem lees paub. Cov thawv yog insulated:

• ntxhia ntaub;
• nthuav av nplaum;
• vermiculite.

Kev quab yuam

Lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntoo hauv tsev tuaj yeem yog 50 xyoo (hauv cov thav duab thiab vaj huam sib luag hauv tsev). Cov kev pheej hmoo loj rau nws yog:

• rotting;
• puas los ntawm cov ntoo ntoo;
• cov khoom siv coj los ntawm cov kabmob.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov ntoo hauv pem teb kom ntau li ntau tau los ntawm:

• dej ntws tawm;
• dej nag los nag;
• condensation ntawm cov dej ua pa;
• tsis ncaj ncees (tshaj qhov tsim) thauj khoom.