Hornbeam (31 Duab): Piav Qhia Ntawm Tsob Ntoo, Nplooj Thiab Tawv Ntoo, Qhov Twg Nws Loj Hlob Hauv Tebchaws Russia, Cov Ntoo Ntawm Cov Ntoo, Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Elm, Lub Plawv Tawm

Cov txheej txheem:

Video: Hornbeam (31 Duab): Piav Qhia Ntawm Tsob Ntoo, Nplooj Thiab Tawv Ntoo, Qhov Twg Nws Loj Hlob Hauv Tebchaws Russia, Cov Ntoo Ntawm Cov Ntoo, Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Elm, Lub Plawv Tawm

Video: Hornbeam (31 Duab): Piav Qhia Ntawm Tsob Ntoo, Nplooj Thiab Tawv Ntoo, Qhov Twg Nws Loj Hlob Hauv Tebchaws Russia, Cov Ntoo Ntawm Cov Ntoo, Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Elm, Lub Plawv Tawm
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Hornbeam (31 Duab): Piav Qhia Ntawm Tsob Ntoo, Nplooj Thiab Tawv Ntoo, Qhov Twg Nws Loj Hlob Hauv Tebchaws Russia, Cov Ntoo Ntawm Cov Ntoo, Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Elm, Lub Plawv Tawm
Hornbeam (31 Duab): Piav Qhia Ntawm Tsob Ntoo, Nplooj Thiab Tawv Ntoo, Qhov Twg Nws Loj Hlob Hauv Tebchaws Russia, Cov Ntoo Ntawm Cov Ntoo, Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Elm, Lub Plawv Tawm
Anonim

Lub hornbeam zoo nkauj yog qhov zoo rau kev yug me nyuam. Kev coj noj coj ua muaj peev xwm txhim kho yuav luag txhua qhov xwm txheej, tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab zam kev txiav tawm zoo.

Nqe lus piav qhia

Feem ntau, hornbeam zoo li tsob ntoo puv, tab sis kuj muaj ntau yam uas zoo li tsob ntoo loj. Cov nroj tsuag, nws lub npe Latin zoo li Cárpinus, koom nrog tsev neeg Birch. Cov kab uas nyob ib puag ncig ntawm kab lis kev cai tau npog nrog cov tawv ntoo tawv - txawm tias du lossis npog nrog ob peb qhov tawg . Cov nplooj yog 3 txog 10 centimeters ntev. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov txiv ntoo uas tshwm ntawm tsob ntoo hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 10-30 daim. Cov noob tsis muaj endosperm, tab sis muaj cov cotyledons saum nruab ntug.

Cov kab lis kev cai muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, yog li ntawd, feem ntau, nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib tus kab mob xwb - lub plawv rot.

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Nws loj hlob nyob qhov twg?

Feem ntau ntawm cov ntoo hornbeam loj hlob hauv cov tebchaws Esxias, feem ntau hauv Suav teb. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, tsuas muaj ob hom kev coj noj coj ua, tab sis yuav luag txhua qhov txhia chaw. Hauv tebchaws Russia, tsob ntoo tuaj yeem pom hauv Caucasus nkaus xwb . Qhov txaus siab, hornbeam loj hlob hauv Iran ib yam.

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Ntau yam thiab ntau yam

Muaj ntau dua 30 hom tsiaj hornbeam, feem ntau loj hlob hauv cov tebchaws Esxias.

Siab siab

Lub plawv-tawm suab hornbeam yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov yuav luag pob tshab, lub teeb, lub plawv zoo li nplooj nplooj, zoo li koj tuaj yeem kwv yees los ntawm lub npe. Hauv nws ib puag ncig ib puag ncig - Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Nyij Pooj thiab Primorye, tsob ntoo nce mus txog yuav luag 20 metres. Qia qia ntawm kab lis kev cai yog npog nrog cov tawv ntoo. Cov hauv paus hniav muaj lub zog tuav cov av hauv av ua ke thiab txawm tias tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob plam.

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Karolinsky

Karolinska hornbeam hlob hauv North America. Nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho kom zoo tsuas yog nyob hauv qhov sov thiab ntxoov ntxoo; nws tseem nyiam cov av noo nyob ze ntawm cov hav dej lossis cov dej. Qhov kub qis muaj qhov tsis zoo rau kev coj noj coj ua. Lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo yog lush heev. Ib pawg ntawm Karolinsky hornbeam yog Virginian hornbeam, uas zoo nkauj dua thiab feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes . Qhov ntau yam no txhim kho qeeb, tab sis teb tau zoo rau kev txiav plaub hau thiab hloov pauv.

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Ib txwm

Hornbeam ib txwm nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 20 meters. Tsob ntoo muaj cov qauv ntoo thiab nthuav tawm ovoid yas tsim los ntawm cov nplooj ntoo nyias. Feem ntau, kev coj noj coj ua tsim los ntawm qhov chaw zoo, lossis nrog ntxoov ntxoo ib nrab . Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias, hauv qhov sib piv rau cov duab ntawm cov yas, cov hornbeam ib txwm tuaj yeem yog lub hauv paus (fastigiata hornbeam), columnar thiab quaj (zoo li pendula hornbeam zoo li lub willow nrog twigs nyias). Hornbeam nrog cov ntoo txiav ntoo muaj npe nrov rau nws cov nplooj nqaim nqaim, thiab nrog cov ntoo qhib ntoo qhib - cov phaj nrog cov hniav dav.

Kuj tseem muaj lub hornbeam, cov nplooj uas tom qab tawg paj, siv cov xim ntshav, uas tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau ntsuab.

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Turchaninov

Turchaninov hornbeam tau pom nyob hauv roob ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Qhov no ntau yam yog suav tias tsawg heev. Cov xim ntawm cov nplooj ntoo tau hloov pauv tas li, uas piav qhia qhov kev xaiv nquag ntawm lub suab paj nruag no rau kev tsim cov paj ntoo thiab bonsai.

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Dub

Hornbeam dub, tseem hu ua hornbeam sab hnub tuaj, nce mus txog 5-8 meters hauv qhov siab, tab sis qee qhov nws nthuav dav txog yuav luag 18 meters. Cov pob tw nkhaus feem ntau yog npog nrog cov kab txaij ci ci. Lub ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom tau tsim los ntawm oval nplooj 2 txog 5 centimeters ntev . Dub hornbeam blooms nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis, thiab pib ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum nruab nrab lub caij ntuj sov.

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Nyiv

Japanese hornbeam loj hlob thoob plaws Nyij Pooj. Ib kab lis kev cai uas nyiam sov sov thiab zam qhov ntxoov ntxoo zoo, txhim kho qeeb. Qhov nruab nrab ntoo siab yog 6-9 meters. Corrugated nplooj ntawv daim ntawv ua ntom ntom ntsuab ntsuab.

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Lwm yam

Caucasian hornbeam tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv Caucasus lossis hauv tebchaws Asia. Nws qhov siab tsis tshua muaj ntau tshaj 5 meters, thiab qee zaum muaj cov hav txwv yeem loj heev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, hom hornbeam zoo li nyob ze cov txiv ntseej, beeches lossis ntoo qhib.

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Cog thiab tawm

Hornbeam yog ib qho kev coj noj coj ua tsis txaus ntseeg, thiab tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Cov nroj tsuag tsis ntshai qhov kub nce, tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tsis muaj dej thiab tsis tshua dhau los ua lub hom phiaj rau kab lossis kab mob. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev saib xyuas qoob loo yog kev ywg dej tsis tu ncua thiab pruning - ob qho tib si tsim thiab huv . Thaum pib, lub hornbeam yuav tsum tau zaum kom raug. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tso cov yub cog rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, kwv yees li ib hlis ua ntej te. Yog tias koj yuav tsum cog tsob ntoo hornbeam thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ceev kom txog thaum cov paj sawv.

Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau xaiv coj mus rau hauv tus account ntxiv kev loj hlob ntawm kab lis kev cai . Cov av tuaj yeem yuav luag txhua, tab sis tsis dhau ntub lossis swampy. Cov tub ntxhais hluas hornbeam yuav vam meej tshaj plaws ntawm cov av xoob thiab muaj av zoo nrog lub peev xwm nqa tau zoo. Ob peb hnub ua ntej cog, koj yuav tsum khawb ib lub qhov square nrog ob sab ntawm 50 centimeters thiab tshem nws ntawm cov nyom thiab cov seem ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Lub qhov taub tau ntim nrog 10 liv dej thiab sab laug hauv lub xeev no rau peb hnub kom cov av tau sib cog.

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Nyob rau hnub cog, hauv qab koj yuav tsum tso ib txheej ntawm cov nplooj ntoo qhuav thiab hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus, twb tau sib xyaw nrog hauv av.

Cov yub tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw so, nws cov hauv paus tau ncaj, thiab txhua yam tau npog nrog cov av sib xyaw. Qhov saum npoo yog compacted thiab tam sim ntawd ywg dej. Ib qho ntxiv, lub voj voos peristemic yog mulched nrog loj sawdust lossis nyom qhuav. Thaum cog ntau qhov piv txwv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj qhov sib nrug ntawm 30 centimeters ntawm lawv.

Tsob ntoo loj hlob yuav tsum tau txiav tas li, tshem nws los ntawm mob, tawg lossis tawg, thiab tseem kuaj xyuas kab thiab kab mob . Kev txiav tawm tuaj yeem ua tiav ob zaug hauv ib xyoos - nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov lossis ua ntej lub caij nplooj zeeg te hauv kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab tshem tawm cov tua uas tau npog nrog ntau lub paj, uas ua rau poob qis ntawm kab lis kev cai.

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Luam tawm

Lub hornbeam tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv peb txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb: los ntawm kev txiav, los ntawm txoj kev noob, lossis siv txheej. Luam tawm los ntawm kev txiav txiav pib nrog kev npaj cov khoom siv - rau lub hom phiaj no, cov ceg ntoo muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog yog qhov tsim nyog, qhov ntev uas tsis tshaj 18 centimeters (hom phiaj 15-18 cm) . Lawv yuav tsum tau sib cais los ntawm tsob ntoo niam nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo zeeg, tom qab ntawd qhwv rau hauv daim ntaub ntub thiab khaws cia rau qhov chaw txias kom txog thaum pib lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Nws zoo dua yog tias nws yog hauv qab daus lossis hauv qab daus, tab sis lub tub yees kuj tsim nyog.

Kwv yees li ib hlis lossis ob hlis ua ntej npaj cog, kev txiav yuav tsum tau nqa mus rau hauv tsev lossis rub tawm ntawm lub tub yees thiab tsau rau hauv cov tshuaj daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate lossis hauv lwm yam tshuaj rau kab mob.

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Tom qab ntawd cov noob siv sijhawm peb hnub hauv kev huv, ib txwm ywg dej, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem cog tau. Hornbeam yuav tsum tau siv cov av uas muaj cov as -ham uas yuav tsum tau noo tas li . Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov yub mus rau qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov thaum tsawg kawg 5 nplooj puv puv tshwm ntawm qhov txiav. Cuttings paus ua tiav nyob rau yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov neeg mob.

Kev nthuav tawm cov noob muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej tau txiav txim siab ua haujlwm hnyav . Noob yuav tsum tau sau thaum pib lub caij nplooj zeeg. Tam sim ntawd, cov khoom tau muab tso rau hauv hnab ntaub lossis cov thawv ntawv thiab tshem tawm mus rau ib chav uas muaj qhov kub tsawg - hauv qab daus, hauv qab daus lossis tub yees. Ib hlis thiab ib nrab ua ntej yuav tawm mus, kev hloov pauv yuav tsum tau tshem tawm thiab hloov mus rau qhov chaw uas qhov kub tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm 21 txog 25 degrees. Tom qab so cov txiv ntoo hauv dej sov, lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv lub khob ntim nrog cov av sib xyaw.

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Thawj qhov tua yuav tsum tshwm sim hauv peb lub lis piam, tab sis lub hornbeam tuaj yeem xa mus rau nws qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov tsuas yog tom qab 3-4 nplooj tshwm . Hauv kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov xwm txheej, cov noob tuaj yeem ua tiav. Nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias qee tus neeg ua teb nyiam ua cov noob ua ntej cog hauv av. Thawj thawj 15-60 hnub, cov khoom khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm +20 degrees, thiab rau 90-120 hnub tom ntej, qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tau hloov pauv, txo qis rau -10 degrees. Cov noob no tau cog zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Kev txiav tawm tau siv ntau tsawg dua li cov noob thiab txiav, txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee kis qhov no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo . Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom siv rau kev yug me nyuam, koj yuav tsum khawb lub qhov me me nyob ze ntawm lub cev nrog cov cuab yeej ntse, uas tom qab ntawd yuav tau ntim nrog cov as -ham thiab dej. Cov tub ntxhais hluas hloov pauv tau yooj yim mus rau ntawm lub qhov thiab raug tsau los ntawm lub ntiaj teb hauv cov chaw uas lawv yuav tsum tau cog. Yog lawm, thawj zaug koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov txhab raws qhov ntev ntawm ceg nrog riam, los ntawm qhov uas cov hauv paus yuav tshwm.

Cov tua tshiab thiab cov nplooj nplooj yuav tsum pib tawm tuaj hauv ib hlis. Qhov no yuav qhia tias nws yog lub sijhawm los cais cov ntoo txiav los ntawm tsob ntoo loj thiab hloov pauv mus rau lawv qhov chaw nyob tas mus li.

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Cov khoom ntoo

Kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub hornbeam yog qhov ua tsis zoo - hauv qee kis, nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ib xyoos ib ncig ntawm qhov txiav. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov pob zeb hnyav, qhov nruab nrab ntawm 750 kg / m3, thiab yog li lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv, piav qhia qhov muaj npe ntawm nws siv hauv ntau yam haujlwm . Ib tsob ntoo me me txiav ntoo nruab nrab, uas yog kwv tij txheeb ze ntawm birch, muaj Brinell tawv txog li 3.5 units.

Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txiav lossis faib nws, tab sis cov khoom lag luam muaj qhov hnav tsis kam siab . Nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntoo dawb matt tseem nyob ntawm qhov siab, muab tias ziab thiab ua cov thev naus laus zis tau ua raws. Cov txheej txheem sab hauv tsis zoo, sib txuas ua ke ntawm cov duab sib txawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tsaug rau kev tsim khoom ntawm parquet lossis hornbeam mosaics.

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Yuav ua li cas kom paub qhov txawv ntawm elm?

Coob leej neeg tsis meej pem hornbeam nrog elm, tab sis muaj qhov ua tau qee qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom tsiaj. Hornbeam nplooj yog sib npaug, tsis zoo li tsob ntoo elm. Cov tawv ntoo hornbeam grey zoo li txawv ntawm cov tawv ntoo elm xim av. Hauv kev coj noj coj ua tom kawg, nws kuj tseem ntxhib dua. Elm pib tawg ua ntej cov nplooj tshwm, thiab cov noob siav nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis lossis Lub Rau Hli . Txhua qhov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm lub hornbeam tshwm sim ntau tom qab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, sab nrauv, paj hornbeam zoo li cov ntoo ntoo birch, thiab me me thiab tsis zoo nkauj heev elm buds tau sau rau hauv cov pob zoo tib yam.

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Nws siv qhov twg?

Kev siv hornbeam yog qhov dav heev. Thawj qhov uas los rau hauv siab, tau kawg, yog kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Txij li cov kab lis kev cai teb tau zoo rau ntau txoj hauv kev txiav, lub hornbeam tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si rau kev tsim cov laj kab thiab tsim cov phab ntsa nrog gazebos. Tsob ntoo zoo zoo nyob ib leeg thiab hauv pab pawg. Los ntawm txoj kev, khaub ncaws rau da dej ua los ntawm hornbeam tau tshwj xeeb.

Cov khoom siv ntoo ruaj khov tau nquag siv los tsim cov rooj tog, kho kom zoo nkauj, lossis tsuas yog ua liaj ua teb . Nws tuaj yeem yog cov khoom loj - lub rooj lossis lub txee, thiab cov khoom me me - txiav ntoo, ntsuas suab paj nruag lossis khoom siv kis las. Cov ceg, nplooj thiab cov txiv ntoo tau mob siab rau noj los ntawm tsiaj txhu, thiab cov roj noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo nkauj.

Pom zoo: