Cov Nplaum Rau Cov Thaiv: Kev Sib Xyaw Rau Nplaig-thiab-zawj Thiab Cov Xov Tooj Ntawm Tes, Siv Ib 1 M2, Nplaum Ua Npuas Ncauj Rau Cov Thaiv

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Thaiv cov kua nplaum yog sib xyaw ntawm ob peb yam khoom tsim los koom nrog cov khoom thaiv. Kev siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke no pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nrauv, tshwj xeeb yog los ntawm cov khoom sib dhos thiab cov qauv los ntawm aerated thiab ua npuas ncauj ua vaj tse.

Peculiarities

Cov kua nplaum yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg uas muab cov ntaub ntawv sib txuam ua ke. Yog tias ua ntej cov phab ntsa tau txhim tsa feem ntau yog los ntawm cov cib thiab lawv cov analogues, niaj hnub no cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho ib txwm raug lees paub tias ua haujlwm ntau dhau, suav nrog vim yog tus nqi siab ntawm cov khoom.

Kev tsim cov khoom sib dhos tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, hloov pauv cov cib ib txwm muaj. Qhov loj me me thiab siv tau yooj yim, lawv txuas nrog siv cov nplaum sib xyaw. Rau cov txheej txheem thaiv, cov kws tshaj lij txhim kho ntau cov nplaum thiab ua npuas rau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim kho cov phab ntsa.

Qhov tseeb pom tseeb yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tus kheej txiav txim siab txhua yam kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nplaum. Raws li txoj cai, hauv kev tsim khoom, ntau hom npe ntawm cov cement, xuab zeb, organic thiab lwm yam yas yas tau siv. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua nplaum sib dhos nyob ntawm seb cov thaiv twg xav tau txuas nrog ua ke.

Feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom - cov cement -sand muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis tuaj yeem npaj tau ntawm peb tus kheej , thaum sib tov, siv cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib xyaw tau tsim hauv hnab, hnyav txog 20-25 kg.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Tsuas muaj ob hom nplaum nplaum sib tov sib xyaw ntawm qhov muag.

• Rau lub caij ntuj no thiab qhov kub tsis qis dua +5 degrees Celsius. Kev tsim lub caij ntuj no tuaj yeem siv tau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, suav nrog lub caij ntuj sov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov txwv ntawm lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv te tseem tseem txwv rau -15 degrees, nws zoo dua tsis txhob ua haujlwm teeb tsa hauv qhov hnyav dua.
• Yog tias koj muaj ntau yam thib ob ( lub caij ntuj sov ), tom qab ntawd qhov sib xyaw tsis haum rau qhov pore txias, yuav muaj kev tawg sai ntawm txheej. Hom sov tshaj plaws ntawm cov nplaum yog polyurethane ua npuas dej rau phab ntsa vaj huam sib luag thiab thaiv cov qauv nrog cov kab thiab cov zawj. Nws muab kev tiv thaiv dej ntxiv thiab txo cov thermal conductivity.

Noj

Hauv kev xyaum, qhov no feem ntau tsis yog qhov xwm txheej. Ntau ntau nyob ntawm qhov muaj zog npaum li cas qhov nkhaus ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov siab dua nws yog, ntau txheej koj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau. Hauv qhov no, huab cua huab cua yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov nuances, nyob rau nruab nrab, ib lub voos xwmfab ntawm cov tsev tsim yuav tsum tau ib lub hnab sib tov, uas yog, 25-30 kg. Thiab qee zaum nws tuaj yeem nqa txog 36 kg ntawm cov nplaum. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsis muaj kev paub ntau hauv kev tso, nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov npoo.

Rau kev sib txuas ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv ntxeem tau nrog cov cell, xav tau cov dej noo ntau dua, yog li kev siv cov nplaum rau 1 m2 yuav siab dua. Yuav kom txo tag nrho cov nqi, xam ntau npaum li cas cov kua nplaum uas xav tau los nteg lub voos xwmfab ntawm cov npuas ua npuas ncauj . Piv txwv li, rau cov qhob aerated, cov txheej txheem muab rau kev siv tsis ntau tshaj ib thiab ib nrab kg ntawm cov kua nplaum rau 1 m3. Hauv qhov no, cov nqaws yog nyias heev - tsis pub tshaj 1 hli. Txawm li cas los xij, rau qhov no, saum npoo yuav tsum tiaj tus.

Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua nplaum yog suav tias yog kev lag luam nrog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ntseeg tau ntawm kev sib txuas. Tus nqi ntawm cov cement thiab cov xuab zeb uas siv rau cov thaiv yuav tsum tsim txheej sib npaug rau 2-3 cm hauv qhov siab. Yog tias siv cov kua nplaum, cov neeg tsim khoom hla kev nqes pib ntawm 4-5 hli hauv tuab.

Siv cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub zoo tshaj plaws, cov kws tshaj lij ua tiav cov nqaws nqaim, tsuas yog ib lossis ob millimeters. Nrog hom kev sib txuas ntawm cov thaiv, qhov txias hauv chav tsis nyob ntev, kab mob thiab pwm yuav tsis tshwm sim.

Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim cov hmoov sib tov qhuav hauv kev thov hauv khw, muab ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov tuam txhab Zabudova thiab Eunice Uniblock … Cov khoom sib xyaw tsim nyog rau kev tso cov pa roj silicate thaiv, los ntawm cov qauv qis ntawm cov tsev niaj hnub no feem ntau txhim tsa. Lawv suav nrog cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement, tab sis qhov sib xyaw ntawm qhov zoo no tsis tuaj yeem tau txais ntawm peb tus kheej yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.

Ntxiv rau lawv, rau cov roj silicate thaiv, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo siv cov nplaum ntawm cov khoom lag luam " Prestige", "Bonolit" thiab "Pobedit-160 ".

Ruaj Volma tsim cov nplaum sib dhos uas yooj yim diluted nrog dej thiab haum rau siv tsis pub dhau ib teev. Qhov zoo ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj nyob hauv nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, nws tau siv rau cov nplaim nplais thiab nplais thiab cov nplais, cov hauv paus hauv paus thiab cov plaster, ua npuas dej thiab aerated qhob blocks, gypsum fiber ntau. Ua ntej siv, xav tau kev npaj: qhov tsis xws luag raug tshem tawm, cov hlau hlau tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev xeb thiab ntxuav. Kev sib xyaw yog ua raws li gypsum nrog cov ntxhia ntxiv. Muab cov txheej ruaj thiab nyias, cov dej noo tiv taus.

Tuam txhab " Rusean" tus tsim ntau hom kev muaj pes tsawg leeg: cov kua nplaum zoo tib yam rau cov cellular blocks ua los ntawm polystyrene qhob thiab sib xyaw ua ke raws li gypsum rau koom nrog tus nplaig-thiab-zawj thiab gypsum fiber ntau cov laug cam. Lub koob npe nrov ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tau piav qhia los ntawm tus nqi pheej yig ntawm lub hnab ntim kua nplaum - txog ib thiab ib nrab ib puas rubles.

Ruaj Bolars - Tus thawj coj Lavxias hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom hauv tsev. Nws cov khoom yog cov qauv txheej txheem nplaum thiab cov txheej txheem rau granite thiab sib xyaw ua ke. Yog tias koj xav tau cov kua nplaum zoo rau lub caij ntuj no, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov khoom lag luam ntawm Bolars lub tuam txhab. Frost -resistant nplaum ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm qhov kub txog -12 degrees Celsius.

Ib qho ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem muab ntau hom kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv tsev

• Universal nplaum Cbs rau ib qho hnyav ua vaj tse thaiv. Qhia tau tias lub zog khov tau zoo, tsis khov hauv peb teev, thiab muab sijhawm 7 feeb los kho cov khoom lag luam.
• " Aerated qhob " … Ua ntawv thov ntawm qhov kub tsis qis dua + 50 ° C. Hauv qhov no, qhov xav tau ntawm cov tuab tuab yog los ntawm 3 hli mus rau ib centimeter.
• " Polystyrene G-32 ". Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov xuab zeb-cement sib tov nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv. Muab huab cua tiv taus, tsis raug rau kev cuam tshuam lom. Thaum ua ntawv thov, txheej txheej ntawm 2 txog 8 hli tau thov.

Yuav xaiv li cas?

Hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no, siv ntau hom kev sib tsoo thiab pob zeb sib dhos.

• Nthuav av nplaum qhob , ceramic (lub tsev tsim khoom uas zoo li cov cib nrog voids sab hauv, lawv tau ua los ntawm cov av nplaum)
• Qhob , polystyrene qhob thiab ua vaj tsev ua npuas ncauj. Vaj tsev ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no tsis sov txaus, yog li cov pob zeb huv yog tsis haum rau tso phab ntsa. Tab sis rau cov tsev nyob ntawm thaj chaw ua liaj ua teb thiab lub caij ntuj sov, cov thaiv no zoo tshaj plaws.
• Roj silicate , cov khoom siv ntawm tes. Silicate blocks yog ntawm qhov xav tau ntau tshaj plaws cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
• Gypsum nplaig-thiab-zawv zawg blocks lossis slabs. Lawv yog cov kab sib luag nrog cov kab zawj thiab kab ntug ntawm ob sab rau kev sib txuas, ua los ntawm cov ntawv gypsum.

Yog tias siv cov kua nplaum ua rau cov nplais ua npuas, tawg dawb quartz xuab zeb tau ntxiv rau cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib xyaw thaum tsim khoom. Kev npaj ua kom siv tau tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis pub ntev tshaj 2-3 teev. Tag nrho cov khoom sib tsoo ntawm cov nplaum no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txuas tau cov khoom, thaum txheej tsim nyog rau gluing tseem nyias thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj zog thiab yas.

Qhov kev sib xyaw no yog tus yam ntxwv tiv taus te, nws tau muab cais ua lub caij ntuj no, nws tau txiav txim siab zoo rau kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov kub tsawg.

Cov nplais pobzeb tau glued siv cov sib xyaw zoo sib xws hauv kev sib xyaw, npaj los ntawm cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws raws cov cement thiab xuab zeb. Cov nplaum nplaum yog dej-tiv thaiv. Siv tusyees thiab ua raws nruj rau cov thaiv thaum tsim kho.

Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog pob zeb polystyrene, tom qab ntawd txhawm rau txhim kho kev ntseeg tau, yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog Portland MAAs. Capsular polystyrene tau ntxiv rau nws, ua rau nws ua ntej ua npuas ncauj. Cov nplaum yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv ntxeem tau, muab kev tiv thaiv kom lwj thiab muaj cov cua sov zoo heev.

Universal nplaum khov kho txuas cov qauv ntawm cov pob zeb ntoo thiab cov iav . Nws yog qhov sib xyaw kim ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas tuaj yeem siv tau ob lub caij ntuj sov thiab thaum huab cua txias. Cov kua nplaum no tiv taus ya raws, tsis ntshai khov, muaj cov yas txaus. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ib puag ncig zoo, tsis khov hauv 10-15 feeb.

Rau qhov tsis muaj kev teeb tsa ntawm cov nplaim nplaim-thiab-zawj, sib xyaw yog tsim raws li gypsum, ua ke nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv los ntawm cov ntxhia thiab tshuaj raw khoom. Cov nplaum yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm qib siab ntawm kev nplaum, nws tau thov ncaj qha rau ob qho tib si ntsug thiab kab rov tav sib koom ua ke. Qee hom kev sib koom ua ke ua vaj tse thiab cib, cov ntawv gypsum fiber ntau thiab granite.

Hom niaj hnub ntawm cov nplaum yog ua npuas ncauj rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes. Nws kuj tseem siv rau txhua hom cib thiab cov pa roj silicates. Kev ua haujlwm ntev tseem tsis tau sim los ntawm lub sijhawm, tab sis kev nplaum siab tau ua tiav hauv ob peb teev. Ua npuas ncauj thaiv tau muab tso rau hauv chav sov.

Tswv yim & Tricks

• Dilute qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg raws nraim li cov lus qhia, uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nyeem. Cov sib tov qhuav tau ntxiv rau hauv dej, tsis hloov pauv. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav xav tau qhov laum nrog qhov txuas tshwj xeeb.
• Sib xyaw cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev sib xyaw qhuav, tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv ntau dhau. Lub hnab qhia dab tsi yog qhov ntim ib feem ntawm cov khoom me me, ntawm qhov ntsuas kub kom dilute cov kua nplaum, txheej tuab tuab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev muab sib xyaw, thiab lwm yam.
• Khaws cov khoom sib xyaw ua homogeneous thiab sib tov tag nrho cov khoom xyaw kom huv si. Sib tov sib xyaw ua ntu zus.
• Kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau ua tas li, cov tee cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke.
• Yog tias koj siv lub thais thav duab thaum thov, cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem txo los ntawm 20-30%.

Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom yuav ob lub block thiab cov nplaum sib xyaw ua ke ib zaug . Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los suav qhov nyiaj yuav tsum tau ua ntej. Nws nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv nplaum, rau qhov no nws yooj yim dua los yuav me me ntawm cov sib txawv sib txawv, dilute raws li cov lus qhia thiab sib piv.

Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yuav yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom khov rau hauv lub xeev ruaj khov. Cov kua nplaum uas ci tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv qhov no, qib ntawm thermal conductivity yuav tsawg heev.

Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov muaj zog ntawm kev sib txuas, nws txaus los lo ob lub thaiv, tos lub sijhawm kom raug, thiab tom qab ntawd pov lawv nrog lub zog txav. Yog tias, thaum ntog rau hauv av, cov nqaws tsis tuav, thiab cov ntu sib cais, cov kua nplaum no tsis haum koj rau kev nplaum. Yog tias txoj hlua khi tau khaws cia, koj tuaj yeem suav nrog kev sib raug zoo yav tom ntej.