Cov Kua Iav Sodium: Nws Yog Dab Tsi Rau, Cov Lus Qhia Rau Kev Siv, Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Cov Tshuaj Caustic Thiab Potassium

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Cov kua dej ua kua iav yog cov pov thawj uas muaj cov khoom ua tau zoo siab thiab tsis plam nws qhov tseeb rau lub sijhawm ntev. Kev siv cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb pheej yig no tso cai rau koj kom nrawm thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm cov dej tsis muaj zog, ntxiv dag zog rau cov qhob qhob, thiab ntxuav cov tais diav hauv tsev.

Cov kua dej ua kua iav yog ib hom nplaum muaj pes tsawg leeg , uas yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho thiab dej tsis ua haujlwm. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv yog sodium silicate, qhov muaj vim yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Cov kua dej ua kua dej ua tau raws li GOST 13078 81. Nws suav nrog sodium, hlau, aluminium oxides nrog ntxiv ntawm silicon dioxide, sulfuric anhydrite, caustic soda thiab silicate module. Lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium nyob rau hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txiav txim siab los ntawm 9%, cov ntsiab lus potassium muaj qis dua, lawv yog kwv yees li 0.2%. Lub sijhawm ua kom tiav cov tawv tawv ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg siv hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv yog 10 feeb, thaum nyob hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam kev daws teeb meem lub sijhawm nce mus txog ob teev.

Lub ceev index ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog 1,45 grams tauj ib nyhav cm , qhov nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom yog 1, 45, lub txee lub neej yog 2 xyoos, thiab cov ntsiab lus melting sib xws rau 1088 degrees. Tsis zoo li cov poov tshuaj sib xyaw, kev daws teeb meem sodium tuaj yeem tsim kev ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov, uas sib piv nrog lwm yam sib xyaw silicate.

Kev tsim cov iav ua kua yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab muaj ntau theem. Dej qab zib, potash, sodium sulfite thiab lwm yam ntxiv tau ntxiv rau cov xuab zeb uas tau tawg lawm. Tom qab ntawd qhov hnyav tau muab tso rau hauv autoclaves thiab yaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob zeb monolithic, uas tom qab ntawd yaj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 170 degrees. Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog iav kua sodium.

Daim ntawv thov thaj tsam

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau siv dav hauv kev kho thiab tsim kho. Nws ntxiv rau plaster thiab putty cov kev daws teeb meem sib tw lawv cov hluav taws ua haujlwm, lub zog thiab noo noo tiv taus. Cov cuab yeej tshem tawm cov kab nrib pleb, nti thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag hauv plag tsev thiab phab ntsa. Cov khoom siv kuj tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo li yog ib qho ntxiv rau primers rau ntau lub hom phiaj.

Kev sib xyaw nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov qhob screeds yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Kev siv cov iav sodium ua rau lub zog ua kom muaj zog ntau ntxiv, muab nws tiv taus hluav taws thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Nrog kev pab los ntawm iav dej qab zib, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kua roj vanish qub lossis txheej roj. Thiab qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ntau yam zas xim rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tso cai rau tus neeg sawv cev siv los ua xim pleev xim.

Qhov sib tov kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho corrosion ntawm cov hlau substrates . Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb, cov cement tau sib xyaw nrog iav iav hauv 1: 1 piv thiab nchuav nrog cov kua me me. Cov khoom tiv taus kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig cuam tshuam zoo thiab tuaj yeem siv tsis yog hauv tsev nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj sab nraum zoov. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov dej tsis zoo, cov dej tso dej, cov tais ntawm cov khoom siv dag dej thiab hauv qab daus. Rau kev ua haujlwm, 10 feem ntawm cov qhob thiab ib feem ntawm cov kua sodium tau noj.

Kev sib xyaw ua ke tau dav siv los ua ib qho ntxiv rau kev sib xyaw masonry. Nws yog feem ntau ntxiv rau lub ntsej muag cug npaj rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv ntawm lub qhov cub thiab lub qhov cub chim chim. Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, iav iav tau siv los kho cov thoob dej yug ntses thiab ntxuav cov tais diav hauv tsev. Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj ntxuav, koj yuav tsum sib xyaw 25 ntu dej thiab ib feem ntawm sodium silicate. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv lub khob loj. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum muab cov tais diav tso rau ntawd, uas koj xav ntxuav, thiab rhaub cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Cov dej qab zib iav tuaj yeem siv los tso rau ntawm qhov chaw puas ntawm cov dej , tshem cov roj nplaum los ntawm khaub ncaws thiab ntxiv rau cov kua qaub, npaj rau kev ua kom tiav txhua qhov chaw. Thaum cov kua qaub thiab sodium silicate tau sib xyaw, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb tau tsim - calcium silicate, uas ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv cov kua qaub rau sab nraud, thiab ua rau lub neej ntawm cov kua qaub txheej ntau dua.

Zoo

Lub koob npe ntawm cov kua sodium iav ob qho tib si ua tus neeg sawv cev yooj yim thiab ntxiv rau hauv ntau yam kev daws teeb meem hauv tsev yog vim muaj tus lej zoo ntawm cov khoom.

• Zoo elasticity ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tso cai rau nws siv los ua tshuaj ntxiv rau kev daws teeb meem. Cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv ib qho, txawm tias qhov tawg me tshaj plaws thiab ua rau lawv, yog li tiv thaiv qhov pom ntawm qhov khoob thiab kab noj hniav hauv cov txheej txheej tsim. Ib qho ntxiv, lub zog tag nrho ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke tau nce ntxiv.
• Qhov zoo tshaj piv ntawm tus nqi thiab zoo. Tus nqi ntawm 5 kg ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog kwv yees li 200 rubles, uas ua rau cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau dua thiab siv cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho.
• Dej qab zib iav yog ruaj khov. Nws tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg thiab kub heev.

• Cov khoom siv txo qis lub sijhawm kom ua kom tiav ntawm cov cement, vim tias lub sijhawm kho tuaj yeem txo qis.
• Cov txiaj ntsig qis ntawm cov cua sov ua kom sov ntawm cov iav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv tus neeg sawv cev los tsim cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm thaj chaw. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tiv taus qhov kub nce mus txog 1200 degrees thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau yam khov-thaw mus.
• Kev ua tiav kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom yog vim tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom thiab tshuaj lom hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txawm hais tias nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias alkali, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj, yog qhov txaus ntshai rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Yog li ntawd, thaum ua haujlwm nrog iav iav, koj yuav tsum siv hnab looj tes tiv thaiv.

Cov khoom lag luam muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pwm, fungus thiab kab mob tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw kho

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov iav ua kua suav nrog kev nrawm dhau ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab ua kom tawv ., nrog rau qhov tsis xav tau ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv rau kev kho ntawm cov chaw npaj rau tha xim.

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Txhawm rau txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj khib nrog ntxiv cov kua sodium iav, qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws:

• hauv kev daws teeb meem, cov iav ua kua tuaj yeem yog 5-20% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw;
• kom tau txais cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, ib feem ntawm cov cement, peb ntu ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab 10-25% ntawm cov iav dej;
• primer sib xyaw muaj cov cement thiab iav iav, coj hauv qhov sib piv 1: 1, thiab diluted nrog kua mus rau qhov xav tau sib xws;

• rau kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob hauv paus, 400 g ntawm iav silicate thiab 1 liter yuav tsum tau noj. dej;
• thaum siv cov khoom lag luam ua cov nplaum rau linoleum, cov khoom siv yuav tsum yog sib npaug 200-400 g ib square meter ntawm lub hauv paus;
• los npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej, cement, xuab zeb thiab iav silicate yuav tsum tau muab coj los sib npaug.

Ua haujlwm nrog iav silicate yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv thaj chaw muaj cua nkag tau zoo . siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej. Yog tias cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke nrog rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis mucous membrane, tam sim ntawd yaug thaj chaw muaj kab mob nrog dej txias kom ntau thiab hu rau chaw kho mob. Txhawm rau zam kev dag, koj yuav tsum yuav cov khoom sib xyaw tsuas yog los ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom ntseeg tau. Nws kuj tseem yuav tshuaj xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv nrog.

Xyuas

Cov kua dej ua kua dej yog nyob hauv cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau thiab muaj ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo. Cov neeg yuav khoom sau tseg tus nqi pheej yig ntawm cov khoom, uas tso cai rau nws kom dav siv ob qho tib si ntxiv rau hauv ntau lub tsev thiab cov kev daws teeb meem, thiab ua cov cuab yeej ywj pheej. Ua tib zoo mloog kom yooj yim ntawm kev npaj thiab yooj yim ntawm kev thov ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov khoom tiv thaiv dej zoo heev ntawm sodium iav kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau cov ntaub ntawv kaw hauv qab daus thiab pas dej da. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom suav nrog qhov xav tau kev siv nrawm ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg vim nws luv "muaj peev xwm".

Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog iav kua tau piav qhia hauv video.