Alumina Cement: Gypsum-alumina Nthuav Cov Cement, Cov Yam Ntxwv Thiab Daim Ntawv Thov GC 40, Tshuaj Xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Alumina MAAs yog hom tshwj xeeb heev, uas hauv nws cov khoom sib txawv heev los ntawm cov khoom siv cuam tshuam. Ua ntej txiav txim siab yuav cov khoom siv raw no, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov yam ntxwv, nrog rau kev paub koj tus kheej nrog cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev thov ntawm cov khoom.

Peculiarities

Thawj qhov uas sib txawv alumina cement los ntawm txhua lwm tus yog lub peev xwm ua kom tawv tawv sai heev hauv huab cua lossis hauv dej. Kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no, cov ntaub ntawv raw tau ua tiav hauv txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb, raug rho tawm, thiab tsoo. Yog li, thawj cov ntaub ntawv raw yuav tsum tau xau nrog aluminium, thiab lawv tau ntxiv nrog alumina. Nws yog vim cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas lub npe thib ob ntawm alumina cement mus - aluminate.

Raws li tau hais los saum no, alumina cement muaj lub sijhawm teeb tsa luv dua li lwm hom . Hom no yog tuav hauv 45 feeb tom qab thov. Qhov tawv tawv kawg tshwm sim tom qab 10 teev. Hauv qee kis, nws dhau los ua kom nrawm dua cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm. Tom qab ntawd gypsum tau ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg qub, tau txais ntau yam tshiab - gypsum -alumina version. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev teeb tsa sai dua thiab lub sijhawm tawv dua nrog kev khaws cia tag nrho ntawm cov yam ntxwv muaj zog.

Thiab txhawm rau ua cov khoom tsis muaj dej tsis haum, cov pob zeb tau ntxiv rau nws. Txij li alumina ntau yam yog qhov muaj pov thawj ua pov thawj ua ntej, cov cement tsuas yog txhim kho cov cuab yeej no thawj zaug. Ib qho tseem ceeb zoo yog tiv taus te, nrog rau tiv thaiv xeb. Qhov no muab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum txhawb nws.

Txhua qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm alumina MAAs tuaj yeem ua ke rau hauv cov npe loj

• Cov yam ntxwv muaj zog zoo heev Txawm tias nyob hauv dej, cov khoom yuav tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov yam ntxwv sab nraud. Nws tsis corrode, nws tsis ntshai kub heev. Txhua qhov no qhib qhov sijhawm zoo kawg rau nws siv.
• Kev kub ceev ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab tawv. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb yog tias koj xav tsim ib qho qauv kom sai li sai tau (piv txwv li, hauv peb hnub).

• Kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig sab nraud. Peb tab tom tham txog txhua yam ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ua kom tiav lub sijhawm ntev, piv txwv li: nyuaj sulfite-muaj dej thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm mining, cov pa lom, cua sov heev.
• Zoo heev nplaum rau txhua yam khoom siv. Ib qho piv txwv yog, piv txwv li, kev txhawb nqa hlau, uas feem ntau siv los kaw cov thaiv ntawm alumina cement.

• Tiv taus kom qhib hluav taws. Tsis tas yuav ntshai tias cov cement yuav qhuav thiab tawg. Nws zoo kawg nkaus tiv tau ob qho tib si raug rau qhov kub thiab qhov hluav taws kub ncaj qha.
• Yuav siv tau los ua tshuaj ntxiv rau cov cement. Qhov no tseem ceeb thaum koj xav tau los ua kom cov qauv khov-tiv taus, thaum txuag nyiaj. Raws li alumina cov ntaub ntawv raw, nthuav tawm sai thiab tsis thim cov cement sib tov sib xyaw ua, uas tau siv hauv kev tsim kho lossis thaum kho kho sai.

Muaj alumina xaiv thiab qhov tsis zoo

Thawj thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog tus nqi siab ntawm kev tsim cov khoom. Ntawm no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog cov cuab yeej siv xwb, uas yuav tsum tau ua lub luag haujlwm hnyav thiab muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv, tab sis kuj tseem ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis, tswj qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sij hawm tua thiab lwm yam

Qhov tsis zoo thib ob yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Vim qhov tseeb tias alumina ntau yam tsim cua sov thaum ua kom khov, nws tsis haum rau nchuav rau thaj chaw loj: cov cement yuav tsis khov thiab ua kom tawg, tab sis hauv ib puas feem pua ntawm cov neeg nws yuav poob nws cov yam ntxwv zoo. Koj tsis tuaj yeem hliv cov cement li no txawm tias yog cua sov heev, thaum tus pas ntsuas kub qhia pom qhov kub siab tshaj 30 degrees. Nws tseem yog fraught nrog poob ntawm lub zog

Thaum kawg, txawm tias muaj kev tiv thaiv siab ntawm alumina sib txawv rau cov kua qaub, kua lom thiab roj cua, nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov tsis zoo ntawm alkalis, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv ib puag ncig alkaline

Alumina cement tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj: nthuav dav thiab sib xyaw. Lub peculiarity ntawm nthuav cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv raw kom nce thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem tawv. Cov kev hloov pauv yuav tsis pom nrog lub qhov muag, tab sis qhov no muaj qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov ua kom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom monolithic. Kev nthuav dav tshwm sim hauv 0, 002-0, 005% ntawm thawj ntim.

Cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau yog txhawm rau txo tus nqi thiab, raws li, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ., txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee kis, cov tshuaj ntxiv muab cov yam ntxwv ntxiv. Yog li, piv txwv li, gypsum lav qhov teeb tsa siab dua, thaum tus nqi ntawm cov cement nce ntxiv. Slags thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntxhia ntxiv, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nce lub sijhawm teeb tsa, tab sis tus nqi rau cov cement sib xyaw yog qhov qis dua.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Cov yam ntxwv txheej txheem ntawm alumina cement hloov pauv nyob ntawm seb hom twg nws yog. Raws li GOST 969-91, tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 70, raws li nws lub zog, xws li cov cement tau muab faib ua GC-40, GC-50 thiab GC-60. Tsis tas li, qhov sib piv ntawm qee yam tshuaj hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob ntawm seb yam khoom xav tau kom ua tiav thiab thaj chaw twg yuav siv cov cement. Nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los muab cov tshuaj no ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsim cov cement, tab sis rau kev sib piv, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov cement alumina zoo ib yam muaj los ntawm 35% txog 55% ntawm bauxite, thaum cov alumina refractory cement muaj los ntawm 75 % rau 82%. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Raws li rau cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis, txawm hais tias alumina cement yog qhov kev xaiv nrawm, qhov no yuav tsum tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov nrawm ntawm nws qhov chaw. Raws li cov cai thiab cov cai, nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 30 feeb, thiab kho tau zoo tshwm sim tom qab 12 teev tom qab thov (siab kawg). Txij li cov khoom muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb crystalline (txhua qhov muaju hauv cov khoom loj), nws tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab yog li peb tuaj yeem ntseeg tau hais txog nws qhov tsis ntsws thiab me me.

Variants sib txawv hauv tus yam ntxwv thiab nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tsuas yog ob txoj hauv kev tau nthuav tawm: yaj thiab sintering.

Txhua ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb

Kev tshawb fawb, thawj txoj hauv kev yog hu ua txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv raw yaj. Nws koom nrog ntau theem, txhua qhov uas tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum npaj cov khoom siv raw. Tom qab ntawd, cov cement sib xyaw ua ke tau yaj thiab maj mam txias, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ntsuas kub kom ntseeg tau tias muaj lub zog zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum kawg, qhov ua tau zoo slag raug tsoo thiab hauv av kom tau alumina cement

Nrog rau txoj kev sintering, txhua yam tshwm sim lwm txoj hauv kev ib puag ncig: ua ntej, cov ntaub ntawv raw raug tsoo thiab tsoo, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lawv raug rho tawm haujlwm. Qhov no yog fraught nrog qhov tseeb tias cov cement tau txais hauv txoj kev no tsis muaj zog zoo li hauv thawj txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tsim khoom, tab sis qhov kev xaiv thib ob tsis muaj zog

Lwm qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov zom, uas tau hais tawm hauv feem pua ntawm cov kua qaub av. Qhov ntsuas no tseem tau tswj hwm los ntawm GOST thiab yog 10% rau txhua lub npe ntawm cov cement. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm alumina hauv kev sib xyaw yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws yuav tsum yog yam tsawg kawg 35%, txwv tsis pub cov khoom yuav plam tus lej ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv.

Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm alumina cement muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv qhov dav dav .(qhov no tseem siv rau cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj), tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tsis cuam tshuam rau nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, xws li kev nrawm ntawm kev ua kom khov, lub zog, kev tiv thaiv ya raws, tiv taus kom deformation. Yog tias thev naus laus zis tsis ua raws lub sijhawm tsim khoom, thiab qee yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv teev tseg tau ploj, tom qab ntawd cov khoom raug txiav txim siab tsis raug thiab tsis raug rau kev siv ntxiv.

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv

Alumina cement muaj ntau lub hom phiaj uas nws tuaj yeem siv tau. Feem ntau, nws tau xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm xwm txheej ceev lossis rau cov txheej txheem hauv av lossis dej, tab sis cov npe no tsis txwv rau.

Yog tias tus qauv choj tau raug puas tsuaj, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem ua tiav rov qab siv alumina ntau yam vim cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov khoom thiab nws lub peev xwm los teeb tsa sai thiab tawv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub zog txawm tias hauv dej

Nws thiaj li tshwm sim uas yuav tsum tau teeb tsa tus qauv hauv lub sijhawm luv, thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog uas nws tau nce lub zog hauv thawj ob hnub tom qab lub hauv paus. Ntawm no, dua, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog alumina

Txij li HC tiv taus txhua yam tshuaj (tshwj tsis yog alkalis), nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho thaum muaj cov ntsiab lus sulfate siab nyob ib puag ncig (feem ntau hauv dej)

• Vim nws qhov kev tiv thaiv rau txhua yam ntawm cov txheej txheem corrosive, hom no haum tsis yog rau kho qhov kev txhawb zog, tab sis kuj rau cov thauj tog rau nkoj.
• Thaum cais cov qhov dej roj, alumina (ntau dua high-alumina) cov cement tau siv, txij li lawv tau sib zog txawm tias thaum sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv roj.

• Txij li alumina cement muaj qhov hnyav, nws zoo heev rau kev sib khi qhov khoob, qhov, qhov nyob hauv cov nkoj hauv hiav txwv, thiab vim yog lub zog siab ntawm cov khoom siv raw, xws li "thaj" yuav nyob ntev.
• Yog tias koj xav tau tsim lub hauv paus hauv av nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov dej hauv av, tom qab ntawd ib qho ntawm GC cov npe yog zoo meej.

• Alumina ntau yam tsis yog siv rau kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kev teeb tsa thiab kev kos ib yam dab tsi. Cov ntim tau pov tseg los ntawm nws, uas nws tau npaj los thauj cov tshuaj lom hnyav, lossis yog tias lawv yuav tsum tau nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig nruj.
• Thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov pob zeb ua hluav taws xob, thaum ntsuas cua sov tau npaj nyob rau theem ntawm 1600-1700 degrees, alumina MAAs tau ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv cov cement zoo li no hauv tsev (piv txwv li, rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej tsis haum lossis tsim kho), tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum ua raws cov lus qhia rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws.

Plaster tsis muaj dej nrog ntxiv ntawm alumina cement tau siv hauv ntau thaj chaw:

• rau kev sib khi tawg hauv cov kav dej;
• kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa hauv chav nyob hauv av;
• kev sib khi ntawm cov kav dej sib txuas;
• kho cov pas dej da thiab da dej.

Thov

Txij li txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub tsev ntiag tug tej zaum yuav ntsib kev xav tau los siv qhov kev xaiv alumina, hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia yuav ua haujlwm nrog nws kom raug.

Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los ua haujlwm nrog cov cement no yog siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Nws tsis tuaj yeem sib tov sib xyaw kom zoo thiab sai sai los ntawm txhais tes

Kev yuav cov cement tshiab tshiab tuaj yeem siv tau tam sim. Yog tias qhov sib xyaw tau poob qis me ntsis, lossis lub txee lub neej yuav luag tag, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau sift cov cement ua ntej. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum siv tshwj xeeb vibrating sieve. Qhov sib tov tau muab tso rau hauv nws siv cov khoom siv duav tsim thiab sieved. Qhov no loosens cov cement sib tov thiab npaj nws rau kev siv ntxiv

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov viscosity siab dua ntawm alumina cement piv rau lwm hom. Yog li, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cement slurry tau ua tiav rau lub sijhawm ntev dua. Yog tias nyob hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm nws siv sijhawm ib teev lossis ib teev thiab ib nrab, tom qab ntawd hauv cov xwm txheej nrog alumina ntau yam - 2-3 teev. Nws tsis pom zoo kom ua cov tshuaj ntev dua, vim nws yuav pib teeb tsa thiab nws yuav nyuaj rau siv nws

Nco ntsoov tias pob zeb tov khoom yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav tam sim ntawd, txij li tom qab, thaum cov cement uas muaj zog heev ua kom tawv, cov txheej txheem ntxuav yuav xav tau kev siv zog thiab sijhawm ntau, tsis hais qhov tseeb tias qee zaum nws tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav cov qhob. tov khoom txhua

Yog tias koj npaj yuav ua haujlwm nrog alumina xaiv nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, tom qab ntawd nws tsim nyog nco hauv qee qhov kev xav. Txij li cov khoom nquag tsim hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm ua kom tawv tawv, txhua qhov kev ntsuas rau dilution thiab siv cov khoom sib xyaw yuav txawv ntawm cov thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov xuab zeb zoo tib yam. Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg feem pua ntawm cov dej nyob hauv qhov sib xyaw, nws qhov kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100 degrees, thiab yog li koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo heev, tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb

Yog tias kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav nrog cov pob zeb uas muaj alumina cement hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws qhov kub tseem nyob ntawm qib 10-15 degrees thiab tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej nce siab dua, txwv tsis pub lub pob zeb yuav pib khov txawm tias ua ntej koj muaj sijhawm siv

Npav

Raws li tau hais los saum no, raws li GOST, peb lub npe ntawm ntau yam no tau txawv: GC-40, GC-50 thiab GC-60, txhua tus sib txawv los ntawm lwm qhov hauv tus yam ntxwv. Lawv txhua tus muaj teeb tsa tib lub sijhawm thiab ua kom tawv tawv, tab sis lawv lub zog sib txawv heev. Txawm tias thaum tseem hluas, cov sib xyaw ua kom muaj zog: GC -40 - 2.5 MPa hauv ib hnub thiab 40 MPa hauv peb hnub; GC -50 - 27.4 MPa nyob rau ib hnub thiab 50 MPa hauv peb hnub; GC-60-32.4 MPa txhua txhua hnub (uas yuav luag zoo ib yam rau lub zog ntawm GC-40 MAAs tom qab peb hnub) thiab 60 MPa nyob rau hnub thib peb.

Txhua lub npe zoo sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj: teeb tsa cov neeg ua haujlwm qeeb lossis nrawm dua

• Retarders suav nrog borax, calcium chloride, boric acid, citric acid, sodium gluconate, thiab lwm yam.
• Cov ua kom nrawm yog triethanolamine, lithium carbonate, Portland MAAs, gypsum, txiv qaub thiab lwm yam.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov cement alumina zoo ib yam, cov alumina sib txawv ntawm thawj, thib ob thiab thib peb pawg yog qhov txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhuas oxide. Lawv cov cim, feem, VHC I, VHC II thiab VHC III. Nyob ntawm seb lub zog xav tau dab tsi nyob rau hnub thib peb tom qab siv, cov cim tau ntxiv nrog cov lej.

Muaj cov kev xaiv hauv qab no:

• VHC I-35;
• VHC II-25;
• VHC II-35;
• VHC III-25.

Qhov feem pua ntawm aluminium oxide ntau dua hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj zog dua qhov ua tiav cov cement . Rau kev daws teeb meem alumina siab ntawm thawj pawg, cov ntsiab lus ntawm aluminium oxide hauv kev sib xyaw yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 60%, rau pawg thib ob - tsawg kawg 70%, rau peb - tsawg kawg 80%. Lub sijhawm teem rau cov qauv no kuj txawv me ntsis. Qhov pib tsawg kawg yog 30 feeb, thaum ua tiav kev sib zog yuav tsum tshwm sim tsawg dua 12 teev rau VHC I-35 thiab hauv 15 teev rau VHC ntawm pawg thib ob thiab thib peb.

Cov cement alumina tsis zoo tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv tiv taus hluav taws, thiab VHC ntawm txhua pawg yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Cov qauv tiv thaiv hluav taws pib ntawm 1580 degrees thiab nce mus txog 1750 degrees rau VHC III-25.

Raws li GOST, nws tsis tuaj yeem ntim cov cement ntawm qib VHTs I-35, VHTs II-25, VHTs II-35 thiab VHTs III-25 hauv hnab ntawv. Kev tso cai cia tsuas yog hauv cov ntim yas xwb.

Cov Tswv Yim

Hauv kev xaus, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau muab tswv yim qhia yuav ua li cas thiaj paub qhov txawv ntawm cov cuav cuav. Alumina thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov alumina refractory xaiv yog kim heev, yog li koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem hla dhau qhov cuav hauv khw no. Raws li kev txheeb cais, kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov cement hauv Lavxias lag luam yog cuav.

Muaj ntau tus txheej txheem los pab koj pom qhov ntes tam sim ntawd

Txoj cai pom tseeb tshaj plaws yog yuav cov cement los ntawm cov pov thawj, cov khoom lag luam txhim khu kev qha. Cov tuam txhab tsim tau zoo suav nrog Gorkal, Secar, Ciment Fondu, Cimsa Icidac thiab ob peb lwm tus

Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua xyem xyav zaum kawg, koj yuav tsum tau nug tus muag khoom los qhia txog kev ua kom huv huv thiab kab mob sib kis. Nws hais tias cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Qee tus neeg tsim khoom tsis tsim nyog ntxiv cov tshuaj muaj kuab lom rau cov cement sib xyaw. Txawm hais tias muaj nyob hauv qhov me me, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau kev noj qab haus huv. Cov cai rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntuj radionuclides yog txog 370 Bq / kg

• Yog tias, tom qab txheeb xyuas qhov kev txiav txim siab no, tsis ntseeg, peb qhia koj kom txheeb xyuas qhov chaw nyob ntawm txoj cai uas tau tshaj tawm txog kev huv huv thiab kev kis kab mob sib kis. Ntawm lub ntim thiab ntawm qhov xaus nws tus kheej, qhov chaw nyob no yuav tsum zoo ib yam.
• Txheeb xyuas qhov hnyav ntawm lub hnab raws li GOST. Nws yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm 49-51 kg thiab tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej mus dhau qhov txwv no.

• Thaum xaiv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, ua ntej yuav ib lub hnab rau tus qauv. Hauv tsev, txhuam cov cement, thiab yog tias koj ntsuas nws zoo, koj yuav tsis pom cov khoom txawv teb chaws ntxiv hauv nws hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob zeb tawg lossis cov xuab zeb, tom qab ntawd qhov no txhais tau tias nws zoo.
• Thaum kawg, xyuam xim rau hnub tas sij hawm. Nws yog qhov tsawg heev - tsuas yog 60 hnub txij li hnub ntim khoom. Nco ntsoov coj tus txheej txheem no rau hauv tus as khauj thaum xaiv, txwv tsis pub koj pheej hmoo yuav cov khoom uas nws qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav phem ntau dua li qhov xav tau.