Cov Cement Dawb: Kev Siv Cov Hom Zoo Nkauj, Sib Xyaw Los Ntawm Qaib Ntxhw Hauv Hnab, Cov Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Shchurovsky MAAs Thiab Adana Hom, Dawb Cement

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Ntawm lub txee ntawm cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse, tus neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem pom tsis tsuas yog cov cement zoo tib yam, tab sis kuj yog cov khoom tiav dawb. Cov khoom siv sib txawv ntawm lwm hom cement hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv thawj zaug, tus nqi, zoo, kev tsim khoom thev naus laus zis thiab daim ntawv thov.

Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kawm cov khoom thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog kev daws teeb meem, txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam uas tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo uas ua tau raws li txhua yam kev cai thiab qauv.

Peculiarities

Cov cement dawb yog ib hom kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cement mortar uas muaj lub teeb ci. Lub suab nrov ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib xyaw qee yam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab siv cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb. Lub hauv paus yog clinker nrog cov ntsiab lus hlau tsawg. Cov khoom ntxiv kom tau txais qhov ntxoov ntxoo yog ua kom cov pa roj carbonate lossis cov av nplaum sib xyaw (cov hmoov gypsum, kaolin, chalk, cov txiv qaub tsoo thiab ntsev ntsev).

Lub zog muaj nuj nqis siab tau ua tiav los ntawm qhov kub poob sai (ntawm 1200 txog 200 degrees) tom qab txheej txheem tua hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj cov pa oxygen tsawg kawg. Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb kom ua tiav cov xim dawb thaum kho cua sov hauv qhov cub yog qhov tsis muaj cov hmoov av thiab tshauv. Cov roj hlawv tsuas yog siv cov kua thiab cov pa roj. Kev sib tsoo ntawm clinker thiab cov khoom siv raw yog nqa tawm hauv kev tshwj xeeb cov crushers nrog basalt, flint thiab porcelain slabs.

Cement mortar ntawm txhua lub npe muaj qhov siab tiv taus thiab tiv taus qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig.

Txhua tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov cement dawb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj rau cov cug txheej txheem:

• txheej txheem tawv tawv (tom qab 15 teev nws tau txais 70% lub zog);
• tiv taus ya raws, hnub ci tawg, ntsuas kub tsawg;
• siab zog yam ntxwv;
• muaj peev xwm ntxiv xim zas xim;
• qib siab dawb (nyob ntawm ntau yam);
• qib qis ntawm alkalis hauv kev muaj pes tsawg leeg;
• multifunctional thiab ntau yam khoom;
• tus nqi pheej yig;
• Kev Nyab Xeeb Ib puag ncig;
• kev siv cov khoom siv raw zoo thiab cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom niaj hnub no;
• siab zoo nkauj zoo.

Cov cement dawb yog cov khoom siv tau ntau yam nrog rau ntau yam kev siv:

• tsim cov kev daws teeb meem (kho kom zoo nkauj plaster, grout rau pob qij txha), lub sij hawm ziab yog nyob ntawm hom tshuaj muab tub lim;
• tsim cov plaster, cov vuas, cov pob zeb zoo nkauj rau ua haujlwm sab nrauv;
• tsim cov duab puab thiab cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj sab hauv (cov ciav hlau, kab, cov pob zeb stucco moldings);
• tsim cov pob zeb dawb, ntxiv cov qauv ua vaj tsev (sam thiaj, ntaiv, cov qauv vaj tsev thiab laj kab);
• tsim cov tshuaj khib rau pob zeb thiab cov vuas;

• tsim cov cib dawb los yog xim ua tiav;
• kev npaj ntawm kev sib xyaw rau tus kheej qib qib;
• txoj kev npav thiab cov tshav dav hlau.

Rau kev tsim cov cement dawb, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau kev rho tawm, sib tsoo, ci, khaws cia, sib xyaw, ntim thiab xa cov khoom raw.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Cov cement dawb tau tsim raws li cov qauv thiab cov tseev kom tsim los ntawm GOST 965-89.

Maas yog tsim nyob rau ntau qib, nyob ntawm qib ntawm lub zog:

• M 400 - qib nruab nrab ntawm kev ua kom khov, feem pua siab ntawm kev nqaim;
• M 500 - qib nruab nrab ntawm kev ua kom tawv nqaij, qis feem pua ntawm kev nqaim;
• M 600 - qib siab ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog, tsawg me me.

Cov hniav zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom faib cov sib xyaw ua peb qib:

• Qib 1 - nce txog 85%;
• Qib 2 - tsis tsawg dua 75%;
• Qib 3 - tsis tshaj 68%.

Cov lag luam cais peb txoj hauv kev kom tau txais clinker:

• Qhuav - yam tsis siv dej, tag nrho cov khoom sib tsoo thiab sib xyaw nrog kev pab ntawm huab cua, tom qab tua qhov tsim nyog clinker tau txais. Qhov zoo - txuag nqi hluav taws xob cua sov.
• Ntub dej - siv kua. Qhov zoo - xaiv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov sludge nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw (sludge yog cov kua ua kua nrog cov ntsiab lus dej ntawm 45%), qhov tsis zoo yog kev siv hluav taws xob kub ntau.
• Ua ke hom yog ua raws cov thev naus laus zis ntub nrog nruab nrab clinker dewatering txog li 10%.

Txhawm rau txhawm rau daws cov tshuaj hauv tsev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los sib xyaw ua kom huv huv quartz xuab zeb lossis dej ntxuav thiab cog cov xuab zeb, tsoo cov pob zeb ci thiab cov cement dawb. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua yog 1 feem ntawm cov cement, 3 ntu xuab zeb, 2 qhov muab tub lim. Sib tov cov khoom sib xyaw hauv lub thawv huv uas tsis muaj av thiab xeb. Qhov sib faib ua ke yog tsawg heev; xim ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis yog xim av, tab sis tsuas yog dawb.

Cov xim uas tsis tu ncua ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj yuav pab ua kom cov xim ib nrab xim:

• manganese dioxide - dub;
• escolaite - pistachio;
• liab hlau hlau;
• ocher - daj;
• chromium oxide - ntsuab;
• cobalt yog xiav.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

Kev tsim cov cement dawb yog ua los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab txawv teb chaws thiab hauv tsev:

• JSC "Shchurovsky MAAs " - tus thawj coj ntawm cov tuam txhab Lavxias. Qhov kom zoo dua yog xa khoom sai thiab yooj yim. Qhov tsis zoo - cov xim ntsuab ntawm cov khoom, uas txo qis kev nthuav dav ntawm nws daim ntawv thov.
• Qaib ntxhw Yog lub ntiaj teb cov chaw tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws thiab xa tawm cov cement dawb. Cov khw muag cov khoom siv hauv tsev muab lawv cov neeg siv khoom siv xim av Turkish dawb ntawm M-600 hom, cim "Super White" thiab nrog qhov dawb ntawm 90%. Kev sib xyaw yog tsim tawm hauv txoj hauv kev qhuav thiab muaj tus lej zoo, uas suav nrog: tus nqi pheej yig, European tus qauv zoo, huab cua tsis kam, nplaim du, siab phem thiab ua tau zoo nrog ntau yam khoom siv tiav. Cov neeg tsim khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Turkish cement yog Adana thiab Cimsa. Cimsa cov khoom lag luam feem ntau xav tau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam ntawm Europe thiab CIS lub tebchaws. Cov khoom lag luam ntawm Adana hom yog cov khoom lag luam tshiab ntawm cov khw tsim khoom, nce lawv qhov chaw hauv ntu ntu ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiav.

• Danish cement nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov neeg sib tw, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, yog tsim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tsim nyog siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, muaj M700 npav (nrog lub zog siab). Qhov zoo - cov ntsiab lus alkali tsawg, txawm tias dawb, ua kom pom kev zoo, muaj qhov dav ntawm kev thov. Qhov tsis zoo - tus nqi siab.
• Iyiv cement - cov khoom tshiab tshiab tshaj thiab pheej yig tshaj hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb. Qhov tsis zoo - teeb meem thiab cuam tshuam hauv kev muab rau cov khw tshwj xeeb.
• Iran Qib 5 hais txog kev tsim cov cement dawb hauv ntiaj teb. Iranian cement qib M600 yog tsim raws li cov txheej txheem zoo thoob ntiaj teb. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg yog nyob rau theem siab thoob ntiaj teb. Cov khoom tau ntim rau hauv 50 kg polypropylene hnab, uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb tiav thaum thauj.

Cov Tswv Yim

Rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm siv cov khoom siv dawb, cov kws tsim kev paub dhau los raug qhia kom coj mus rau hauv tus account qee yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv:

• Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev daws teeb meem zoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv tsuas yog cov pob zeb marble thiab cov xuab zeb nrog qhov feem pua tsawg ntawm cov hlau, nrog rau cov dej huv uas tsis muaj ntsev hnyav thiab tsis huv.
• Tom qab 20 teev, 70% tawv tawv tshwm sim, uas yuav txo qis lub sijhawm siv rau kev kho vaj tsev.
• Kev muaj ntau yam, xim nrawm thiab zoo nkauj dawb tso cai rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj ntawm sab hauv.
• Lub zog thiab tiv taus kom pom cov chips thiab kab nrib pleb yuav txo tus nqi ntxiv rau kev kho thiab rov ua dua ntawm cov qauv.
• Cov cuab yeej siv rau kev ua haujlwm tiav yuav tsum tau khaws kom huv huv, txhua qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ntxuav los ntawm kev xeb thiab av.
• Ua kom tob ntxiv rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj zog kom tob li tsawg kawg 3 cm yuav zam kev xeb ntawm cov hlau thiab pom cov xim ntawm cov xim dawb.

• Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov cement txho ntawm cov qauv hlau nrog tuab tsawg kawg 30 hli.
• Koj tuaj yeem siv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov yas yas, cov tshuaj retarders thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tsis cuam tshuam rau xim ntawm cov tshuaj.
• Titanium dawb tuaj yeem siv los nce qhov feem pua ntawm cov xim dawb.
• Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los daws qhov kev daws teeb meem nrog ceev faj heev, saib xyuas txhua txoj cai kev nyab xeeb thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej rau lub qhov muag, ntsej muag thiab lub cev ua pa.
• Maas tuaj yeem khaws cia rau 12 lub hlis hauv cov ntim tsis tau puas.

Maas yog lub nraub qaum ntawm txhua txoj kev tsim kho . Kev ntseeg tau, lub zog thiab kev ua kom ntev ntawm cov qauv yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom xaiv. Kev lag luam cov khoom siv niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam khoom loj. Ua ntej txiav txim siab zaum kawg, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kawm tag nrho cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thiab lawv cov lus pom zoo kom tsis txhob yuav cov khoom lag luam uas tsis zoo nrog cov cuab yeej siv qis thiab cov yam ntxwv.