Teeb Lub Teeb (78 Daim Duab): Cov Tswv Yim Sab Hauv Ntawm Lub Tsev Thiab Chav Tsev, Nws Yog Dab Tsi, Qauv Dub Thiab Dawb Ntawm Lub Tsheb Npav Zoo Li Lub Tsev

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Cov teeb pom kev zoo nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw zaum kawg hauv kev teeb tsa lub tsev. Cov khoom no tsuas zoo li tsis pom thiab tsis tseem ceeb. Qhov tseeb, nrog kev pab ntawm xaiv cov ntsiab lus raug, koj tuaj yeem "rov ua dua" sab hauv thiab hais txog nws cov style.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum teb cov lus nug ntawm cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo yog dab tsi. Cov no yog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb uas lub teeb pom kev tau txuas thiab txav mus rau ntawm lub npav tshwj xeeb. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev tsim qauv yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem hloov txoj haujlwm ntawm lub qhov muag teev, tsom mus rau lawv lub teeb ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb sab hauv. Cov teeb pom kev zoo no feem ntau siv tsis yog hauv thaj chaw nyob, tab sis tseem nyob hauv cov tsev haujlwm pej xeem: cafes, tsev cia puav pheej, tsev noj mov, chaw ua haujlwm, khw muag khoom kub thiab ntau lwm qhov chaw. Qhov no hais txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no.

Lawv saib zoo nyob hauv ntau pawg.

Raws li txoj cai, cov hauv qab no suav nrog hauv cov qauv ntawm cov luminaires:

• Ncaj nraim lub busbar, nrog rau lub teeb txav mus;
• Tshawb nrhiav;
• Plugs;
• Teb mechanisms.

Tau kawg, kev hloov kho ntawm ib qho cuab yeej tshwj xeeb feem ntau nyob ntawm nws cov chaw tsim khoom. Niaj hnub no hauv cov khw muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv theej tau zoo dua qub nrog rau lwm cov khoom siv.

Pros thiab cons

Zoo li lwm yam teeb pom kev zoo, lub teeb pom kev muaj tus lej ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov npe zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam:

• Siv cov cuab yeej tsheb nqaj hlau, cov tswv muaj lub sijhawm los tsim teeb pom kev zoo. Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv no. Hauv qee tus qauv, kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb tuaj yeem hloov kho, thaum nyob hauv lwm qhov muag teev tau nyob ruaj khov;
• Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov teeb pom kev yog qhov yooj yim heev, tab sis ua haujlwm tau zoo;
• Nws yog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim los siv cov khoom siv no. Txawm tias menyuam yaus tuaj yeem tiv nrog qhov no;

• Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov teeb pom kev raug xaiv, koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov chaw ntawm chav, ua rau nws dav dua lossis, sib tham, sib cog lus;
• Ntau tus neeg siv khoom xaiv rau cov cuab yeej zoo li no, txij li lawv tuaj yeem nruab nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov qauv sib txawv, thiab txawm tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub qhov muag teeb lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib leeg;
• Taug qab teeb tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm qab nthab nrog yuav luag txhua qhov ua tiav. Qhov no yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li nrov thiab nthuav dav;
• Ib qho ntxiv, kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv no yooj yim thiab yooj yim. Koj tsis tas yuav hu tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Qhov tseem ceeb yog yuav txhua qhov los ntawm ib lub chaw tsim khoom kom cov qauv tsim tau ruaj khov thiab ntseeg tau;

• Hauv cov qauv kho tau, koj tuaj yeem tswj tus kheej lub teeb raws li qhov tsim nyog rau tus tswv;
• Tau kawg, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tsim qauv zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom siv no. Lawv saib yooj yim thiab tsis cuam tshuam, yog li lawv yooj yim haum rau ntau yam kev nyiam sab hauv;
• Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias hauv lawv txoj haujlwm, cov teeb no tsis ua kom sov, tsis muaj hluav taws thiab tsis tso suab tsis zoo;
• Cov kab hluav taws xob txuas hluav taws xob zoo saib zoo nyob hauv ntau chav chav teeb tsa. Lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa txawm tias nyob hauv chav me me;
• Taug qab teeb "tso tawm" hluav taws xob hluav taws xob me me, uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov txwv tau.

Txawm hais tias muaj cov npe zoo ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo, lawv tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo - lawv cov nqi siab. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias peb coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau qhov zoo ntawm cov kab ke no, tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem kaw peb lub qhov muag rau qhov tsis xws luag.

Hom kev khiav

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub no. Cov qauv tsim no tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj. Tus tswv ntawm lub luminaire rau ib qeb lossis lwm qhov yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm hloov tus lej ntawm cov teeb ua haujlwm ib txhij hauv lub cuab yeej. Dimmable xaiv muaj txoj haujlwm no. Cov teeb pom kev zoo uas tsis muaj txoj haujlwm no muaj ntau.

Tsis tas li, cov teeb pom kev sib txawv hauv kev tsim ntawm lub npav:

• Ib theem;
• Ob-theem;
• Peb-theem;
• Kev xaiv minitrack, lub zog uas tsis tshaj 12 watts.

Ib tus lej ntawm theem qhia tias muaj pes tsawg qhov muag teev hauv lub cuab yeej siv tau tib lub sijhawm. Ntxiv mus, txhua qhov chaw tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua ke lossis ua haujlwm sib cais. Kuj tseem muaj lwm tus txheej txheem raws li cov teeb pom kev raug faib ua ob hom. Cov txheej txheem no yog txheej txheem teeb tsa. Muaj cov kev xaiv hauv qab no.

• Embedded . Cov teeb zoo li no tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv kev npaj ua ntej niches lossis ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv chav. Cov kev xaiv no zoo rau ob sab hauv tsev thiab tsev khaws puav pheej;
• Portable . Feem ntau, cov kab ke no tau siv rau kev hais kwv txhiaj thiab lwm yam xwm txheej zoo sib xws. Lawv kuj tseem pom nyob hauv cov chaw pej xeem (cafes, tuav, qws). Cov qauv tsim no txawv ntawm kev txav mus los. Lawv tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim mus rau qhov chaw tshiab;
• Caij nplooj ntoos hlav loaded . Lub teeb caij nplooj ntoo hlav tseem yog lub xov tooj. Xws li lub luminaire hloov pauv tau thiab ruaj khov yog qhov zoo tshaj hauv ntau qhov sib piv rau cov qauv zoo li qub.

Cheebtsam

Cov tsheb nqaj hlau lossis tsheb nqaj hlau, uas yog lub ntsej muag zoo nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm, muaj kev tsim qauv yooj yim. Lawv suav nrog ntau lub qhov muag teev tau teeb tsa ntawm lub npav tshwj xeeb. Yooj yim muab tso, ob peb lub teeb (zoo ib yam thiab sib txawv) nyob ib txhij ntawm ib txoj kev tsheb loj (tsheb npav). Lawv txhua tus koom nrog ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob nkaus xwb. Cov tib neeg taug hauv cov qauv tsim no txuas nrog lub log tsheb, uas yog cov khoom tshwj xeeb nrog cov tshuab fais fab lossis cov ntsuas tshwj xeeb.

Cov nkauj tuaj nyob hauv ntau hom ntawv:

• Plaub fab;
• Ncaj;
• Cruciform;
• U-puab;
• L-puab;
• Saj zawg zog.

Cov calipers thiab cov log tsheb ua rau cov teeb pom kev tsheb nqaj hlau txhim khu kev qha thiab khov kho txuas txhua qhov tseem ceeb rau ib leeg. Ib qho ntxiv, cov qauv tsim feem ntau muaj cov ntsaws tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm ib sab ntawm lub log tsheb. Lawv tsuas yog ua haujlwm zoo nkauj.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab kho kom zoo nkauj, raws li txoj cai, cov hauv qab no tseem ceeb sib xws muaj nyob hauv cov kab ke:

• Lub teeb pom kev zoo nws tus kheej, siv los ntawm qee yam ntawm lub teeb. Rau kev luminaires taug qab, LED xaiv yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws;
• Ib tus neeg siv hluav taws xob los ntawm qhov uas tam sim no ntws mus rau txhua lub teeb nyob hauv lub niche;
• Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb uas hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau txhua hom teeb pom kev zoo;
• Cov ntsiab lus sib txuas. Xws li cov khoom tuaj yeem tsuas yog ua kom zoo nkauj lossis siv tau. Nws txhua yam nyob ntawm ib lossis lwm lub teeb qauv;
• Kev ncua rau teeb.

Teeb

Cov teeb hom no tuaj yeem teeb tsa hauv lub luminaire.

• Halogen;
• Hlau halide;
• Luminescent;
• LED.

Feem ntau, muaj kev lag luam zoo thiab ci ci nrog LED qij. Cov kev xaiv zoo li no yog siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab ua haujlwm ntev. Lub teeb pom kev zoo LED tsis yog pheej yig, tab sis nws tuaj yeem pab koj txuag hluav taws xob ntau.

Xim

Taug qab teeb tuaj yeem yog xim sib txawv, tab sis qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab thoob plaws yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov xim qub. Cia peb ua tibzoo saib ntawm qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws uas yuav saib zoo nkauj hauv ntau yam kev nyiam sab hauv.

Dub thiab dawb . Cov qauv zoo li no haum haum rau ntau pawg. Cov qauv tsim no zoo tshaj tawm tsam qhov sib txawv tom qab. Txwv tsis pub, cov teeb tsa tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov phab ntsa. Piv txwv li, cov qauv dawb-dawb yuav sawv tawm tsam yav dhau los ntawm pastel, nplua nuj lossis phab ntsa tsaus, thiab cov xim dub, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, hauv daus-dawb, beige, cream, txiv duaj thiab lwm chav zoo sib xws;

Kev xaiv grey tsoos yog ntau yam thiab nruab nrab. Lawv tuaj yeem tso rau hauv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsis txhob tso lawv tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov phab ntsa zoo ib yam thiab qab nthab, txwv tsis pub cov khaub ncaws yuav dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab "tsis txaus ntseeg";

Qee qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog chrome lug … Lawv tsis tsuas yog saib zoo nkauj, tab sis tseem nqa cov ntawv tshwj xeeb futuristic rau sab hauv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov kev xaiv no yuav zoo sib xws nkaus xwb hauv kev niaj hnub sab hauv. Lawv yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau cov khaub ncaws qub;

Cov kiv cua uas tsis yog tus qauv thiab cov lus daws teeb meem yuav poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog teeb liab khiav teeb … Cov qauv tsim zoo li qub thiab tshiab. Lawv saib tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov sib txawv ua ke, piv txwv li, nyob rau tom qab dawb lossis dub;

Cov teeb tsheb ciav hlau saib zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam kub plated … Cov khoom zoo li no yuav zoo sib xws hauv ntau pawg. Cov xim kub-xim tuaj yeem xaiv txawm tias yog rau sab hauv.

Thov

Niaj hnub no, teeb pom kev zoo ua si yog ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb sab hauv. Tsis ntev dhau los, cov kab ke siv tau tsuas yog siv rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov chaw lag luam lossis cov chaw yuav khoom loj. Thaum xub thawj, lawv tau tsim tshwj xeeb, nrog kev pab uas nws tuaj yeem ua kom pom kev yooj yim rau qhov chaw loj yam tsis tas tawm ntawm cov ces kaum tsaus. Niaj hnub no, cov cuab yeej siv teeb pom kev zoo tau nquag siv hauv ntau thaj chaw.

Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab cov duab . Taug qab cov cuab yeej teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no tsis yog siv kom pom kev thoob plaws hauv chav, tab sis kuj tseem yuav hais txog qee yam khoom pov thawj lossis cov duab uas xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb;

Cov khw . Taug qab teeb yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo los kos xim rau qee yam khoom hauv khw muag khoom. Ntau tus tsim qauv thiab cov lag luam tig mus rau cov kev xaiv zoo sib xws;

Lub teb chaws thiab tsev ntiag tug thiab chav tsev hauv nroog . Taug qab cov teeb pom kev tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov organic hauv thaj chaw loj. Feem ntau lawv tau teeb tsa hauv chav nyob, chav dej thiab hauv chav ua noj saum lub rooj noj mov lossis "kob" rau ua noj;

Bar, cafes, clubs . Hauv qhov no, taug qab teeb, zoo li hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej tau teev tseg, zoo meej rau kev nyiam mloog ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb.

Ntau tus neeg tsim qauv siv teeb pom kev hauv lawv txoj haujlwm los faib qhov chaw. Piv txwv, siv cov cuab yeej zoo li no, nws yuav muaj peev xwm faib thaj chaw ua noj thiab chaw noj mov hauv chav ua noj.

Log qauv thiab tsim

Busbar teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hauv niaj hnub no. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv "chav tso tsheb" style loft, cov teeb pom kev zoo yuav saib zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam. Lawv tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntxhib nrog cov cib zoo nkauj lossis cov nplaim paj dawb. Feem ntau, cov qauv laconic ntawm cov xim dub lossis xim av tsaus tau xaiv rau ib puag ncig zoo li no.

Tsis tas li, cov teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws rau sab hauv niaj hnub siv thev naus laus zis siab. Ntau tus neeg tsim qauv hu qhov kev hloov no "ib txwm nyiam ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas niaj hnub no". Cov style no yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis yooj yim ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo thiab siv thev naus laus zis siab. Piv txwv, nws tuaj yeem yog hlau, yas zoo thiab lwm yam kev xaiv zoo sib xws. Hauv cov khaub ncaws zoo li no, taug qab cov qauv dawb, dub thiab chrome yuav zoo tshaj plaws.

Cov tsheb nqaj hlau teeb kuj tsim nyog rau qhov yooj yim heev. Xws li sab hauv yog qhov yooj yim, tsis muaj kab zoo nkauj thiab ua qauv zoo nkauj. Xws li cov cuab yeej siv teeb pom kev tsuas yog muaj cov qauv laconic thiab qhov tsim nyog uas tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus dai kom zoo nkauj uas tsis muaj qhov chaw hauv cov khaub ncaws yooj yim.

Yuav xaiv qhov teeb pom kev zoo li cas?

Hauv kev xaiv lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab zoo nkauj, koj yuav tsum ua raws qee txoj cai yooj yim.

• Ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb hom luminaire koj xav teeb tsa hauv koj lub tsev li cas: mobile lossis built-in, kho tau lossis nyob ruaj khov. Txhua hom cuab yeej muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, uas koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog txhawm rau txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog;
• Ua ntej yuav khoom, nco ntsoov ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas qhov tsim ntawm lub luminaire. Nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv zoo meej mob. Txhua tus tuav yuav tsum txhim khu kev qha thiab zoo. Yog tias cov kab ke tsis txhawb nqa kev ntseeg siab rau koj thiab zoo li tsis dhau, nws zoo dua yog tsis kam yuav nws;
• Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov xim xim ntawm lub teeb. Rau chav nyob nrog qhov ua kom tsaus, nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov qauv sib piv hauv dawb, beige lossis liab. Raws li rau chav teeb, cov teeb tsaus nti yuav saib zoo tshaj hauv lawv. Hauv ob qho tib si, koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov chrome zoo nkauj;
• Mus yuav khoom tsuas yog hauv cov khw muag khoom muaj npe thiab xaiv cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj npe zoo. Qhov no yuav cawm koj los ntawm kev yuav lub teeb uas tsis zoo uas yuav ua tsis tau sai.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

Xav txog qhov zoo ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab ua lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab zoo nkauj.

Arte Teeb . Lub tuam txhab Italian no tsim cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha teeb pom kev zoo hauv cov xim classic. Feem ntau ntawm Arte Lamp cov khoom lag luam tau tsim rau cov qauv siv thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no thiab muaj kev tsim qauv zoo;

Citilux . Taug qab teeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam no los ntawm Denmark feem ntau yog hauv Art Nouveau style. Coob leej muaj lub hauv paus nkhaus zoo nkauj thiab pendant teeb ntawm ntau yam duab;

Novotech . Lub chaw tsim khoom Hungarian no tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo LED teeb ua ke ua ke ntawm ob xim. Nws tuaj yeem yog xim dawb thiab dub lossis xim dub thiab chrome. Lawv saib zoo nkauj heev thiab niaj hnub;

Paulman . Cov khoom lag luam ntawm hom German no suav nrog pheej yig thiab laconic Art Nouveau teeb nrog cov qauv laconic thiab matte grey nto.

Cov tswv yim zoo nkauj sab hauv

Grey taug qab teeb nrog lub hauv paus ntev yuav zoo nyob hauv chav dav nyob hauv lub suab dawb huv. Muab lub rooj zaum dawb tso rau hauv chav zoo li no, lub rooj me me nrog cov rooj zaum qab zib thiab kho ib qho ntawm phab ntsa nrog cov cib zoo nkauj. Koj tuaj yeem dilute cov xim "tshiab" nrog cov duab sib txawv loj ntawm phab ntsa.

Cov xwm txheej loj hauv qab nrog cov hauv paus dub yuav saib cov organic tawm tsam cov phab ntsa ntawm cov ntoo uas muaj vaj huam sib luag. Txoj kev daws teeb meem no feem ntau siv hauv tsev ob-zaj dab neeg, qhov twg thawj hauv pem teb muaj lub qab nthab siab heev. Hauv qab cov txheej txheem teeb pom kev zoo, koj tuaj yeem tso lub rooj zaum grey xis nyob, TV sawv nrog txhua yam khoom siv tsim nyog thiab txawm tias lub qhov cub me me nyob rau sab xis ntawm rooj tog.

Taug qab teeb nrog lub hauv paus teeb, qhov muag me me thiab ob lub teeb loj pendant teeb tuaj yeem dai saum lub teeb ntoo rooj noj mov hauv chav uas muaj cov phab ntsa dawb. Muab cov rooj zaum yas yas tso rau ntawm cov hlau thav duab ib sab thiab ua kom sib dhos ua ke nrog cov xim daj rau ntawm phab ntsa deb, nrog rau cov duab me me sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa.

Ib chav pw hauv chav pw yuav twv yuav raug hu rau cov neeg nyiam kev daws teeb meem uas tsis yog tus qauv. Yog li, hauv chav dawb nrog rau hauv qab txheej laminate tsaus, koj tuaj yeem tso lub txaj qis qis hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo xiav thiab kho qhov qis ntawm phab ntsa tom qab nws nrog cov cib liab zoo nkauj. Hauv ib puag ncig zoo li no, lub qab nthab dub teeb teeb teeb tau teeb tsa hauv ob kab thiab ib lub paj daus-dawb nkhaus pem teb teeb nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw yuav sawv tawm zoo.

Txoj kab teeb pom kev zoo kuj tseem tuaj yeem teeb tsa nyob ib sab ntawm tus ntaiv ua rau hauv pem teb thib ob hauv ib lub tsev ntiav. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias qhov kev tsim no phim cov xim ntawm txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau lossis cov kauj ruam ntawm tus qauv. Piv txwv li, tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov daus-dawb tiav, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kauj ruam dub thiab cov teeb pom kev dub ntawm cov kab dawb yuav saib sib haum xeeb.

Daus-dawb teeb cov teeb tuaj yeem ua ke sab hauv nrog pend chandeliers nrog chrome nto. Piv txwv li, qhov kev daws teeb meem no zoo tshaj rau chav ua noj nrog phab ntsa ntsuab tsaus, qab nthab dawb thiab cov xim dub zoo nkauj. Taug qab cov qauv tuaj yeem dai tom ntej ntawm lub mloog pob ntseg dawb, thiab cov teeb ci chrome tuaj yeem dai saum lub rooj iav nrog cov tuab nkhaus dawb ceg thiab cov rooj zaum dub dub. Cov khaub ncaws yuav dhau los ua qhov txawv txav thiab ntxim nyiam.

Cov teeb pom kev dub tuaj yeem dai hauv chav dawb-style chav nrog dawb zoo nkauj cib ntsa. Muab ob lub rooj zaum xiav ci rau hauv chav zoo li no nyob ib leeg, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv tso lub qhov cub me me thiab tso ntaub pua tsev nrog cov ntawv zeb zeb. Dai lub TV thiab cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa tom qab cov rooj tog zaum. Ua kom tiav sab hauv no nrog cov rooj vase txuas, ua tiav los ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj sia nyob hauv cov xim nplua nuj thiab cov teeb hauv pem teb siab nrog cov ceg liab lossis daj.

Cov txheej txheem tsheb nqaj hlau yuav zoo nyob hauv chav dej saum toj no cov khoom siv tsis zoo nrog lub dab dej. Kho cov phab ntsa hauv chav zoo li no nrog cov khoom siv dub, thiab nteg cov vuas lossis cov dej tsis sib haum grey laminate rau hauv pem teb.