Schmidt Birch (25 Duab): Kev Piav Qhia Ntawm "hlau" Birch, Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Ntoo, Qhov Twg Nws Loj Hlob, Thaj Tsam

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Schmidt's birch tau muab cais ua tsob ntoo tshwj xeeb uas loj hlob nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Primorsky Territory thiab hauv thaj av taiga ntawm Far East. Ntoo deciduous yog ib tus tswv cuab ntawm Birch tsev neeg thiab muaj cov ntoo tshwj xeeb, uas yog hu ua "hlau" vim nws qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom, ruaj khov thiab hnyav.

Schmidt's birch tau txais nws lub npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm botanist uas xub txheeb xyuas cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb no.

Birch ntoo muaj qee qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws, tab sis vim nws qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, nws poob rau hauv dej . Lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv ntoo hauv cov ntoo yog siab, txawm tias cov ntoo tsis muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev lwj tsawg kawg 20 xyoo.

Kev piav qhia

Lub npe hu ua Schmidt hlau ntoo ntoo loj tuaj nyob rau thaj chaw uas raug tshav ntuj. Cov ntoo zoo kawg nkaus tiv taus huab cua hnyav hauv Lavxias thiab tsis xav tau rau cov av sib xyaw uas nws loj tuaj. Ib qho ntxiv, tus neeg sawv cev no ntawm cov genus Birch zam lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev nyab xeeb zoo.

Hauv cov xwm txheej ntuj, tsob ntoo zoo li tsob ntoo loj tuaj txog 25 m.

Tsob ntoo kuj muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev faib ceg . Cov tawv ntoo ntawm lub cev muaj cov xim daj-xim av nrog ntau qhov tawg. Hauv cov ceg ntoo hluas, cov tawv ntoo tau du hauv kev ntxhib los mos thiab muaj xim xim av-Cherry nrog cov blotches dawb.

Cov qauv ntawm nplooj zoo ib yam li lub ntsej muag elongated nrog me ntsis ntse nyob rau thaum kawg .… Cov nplooj petioles luv thiab muaj zog. Qhov ntev ntawm cov nplooj zoo li no yog 5-8 cm, nyob ntawm ntug muaj cov ntawv me me, thiab nyob rau sab nraub qaum ntawm cov phaj nplooj, me dua, cov leeg me me pubescent nthuav dav ntawm ob sab los ntawm cov leeg nruab nrab.

Thaum lub sijhawm paj tuaj, tsob ntoo yuav muaj lub ntsej muag ncaj lossis me ntsis nkhaus. Cov nroj tsuag feem ntau paj hauv nruab nrab Lub Tsib Hlis thiab kav ntev txog 12-14 hnub. Txog thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli thiab pib lub Cuaj Hli, hloov chaw ntawm cov paj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj tis tau tsim - cov no yog cov noob ntoo, uas cov nroj tsuag rov tsim dua.

Lub neej voj voog ntawm Schmidt birch yog yam tsawg kawg 320-350 xyoo . Nws tau pom tias tsob ntoo hluas hlob qeeb heev thaum xub thawj, thiab tsuas yog tom qab 50 xyoo, kev loj hlob pib nce ntxiv.

Cov nroj tsuag tsis tsim ib thaj chaw hauv nws qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig, hom ntoo ntoo no loj hlob ua ke nrog lwm hom ntoo xws li ntoo qhib, ntoo thuv lossis ntoo cedar.

Feem ntau, Schmidt Birch tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov pob zeb pob zeb lossis toj roob hauv pes ntawm cov pob zeb tsim, ntxiv rau, nws tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv hav zoov sib xyaw thiab txiav txim siab . Feem ntau, tsob ntoo nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov ntoo qis qis lossis nws loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo qhib.

Lub subtleties ntawm kev loj hlob

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog birch loj tuaj ntawm cov av nrog cov qauv pob zeb, txij li cov nroj tsuag tsis zam cov av swampy thiab thaj chaw tsis zoo . Schmidt birch yeej tsis tsim ib tsob ntoo birch, zoo li cov neeg txheeb ze dawb, nws loj hlob tshwj xeeb hauv cov hav zoov sib xyaw. Raws li kev coj noj coj ua zoo, qhov piv txwv no tau cog rau hauv cov vaj botanical ntawm Moscow, St. Petersburg, Lipetsk thiab lwm yam. Yog tias xav tau, hauv cov tsev cog khoom ntsuab no, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom cog rau cog tom ntej hauv lub tiaj ua si lossis vaj.

Qhov tshwj xeeb Schmidt birch, zoo li cov neeg sawv cev zoo ib yam ntawm tsev neeg Birch, nyiam qhov chaw pom zoo los ntawm lub hnub.

Tab sis yog tias tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, tsob ntoo tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv qhov chaw ntxoov ntxoo, thaum nws lub cev qaij thiab nthuav mus rau qhov pom kev. Raws li rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av, birch tsis yog capricious hauv qhov teeb meem no thiab tsis yuam ib qho tshwj xeeb xav tau.

Loj hlob "hlau" birch cuam tshuam rau qee qhov subtleties thiab peculiarities

Txoj kev luam me me

Muaj 2 txoj hauv kev nthuav tawm Schmidt birch:

• nrog kev pab ntawm cov noob - thaum lub caij cog qoob loo ntawm cov khoom cog yog kwv yees li 60-65%;
• los ntawm kev txiav - cov hauv paus hniav ntawm kev txiav tsis muaj zog thiab tsis ntau dua 30-35%.

Rau kev nthuav tawm nrog kev pab ntawm cov noob, cov paj paj tau siv, uas ua rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo me me txog li 2 hli ntev.

Ua ntej cog, cov noob tsis tau stratified, tab sis ncaj qha sown rau hauv av . Hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, tsob ntoo loj hlob tsis ntau tshaj 5-7 cm hauv qhov ntev, nws xav tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov nyom thiab cov khoom siv puas tsuaj, thiab cov yub yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov ntawv sau.

Thaum nthuav tawm los ntawm kev txiav, cov yub uas tau txais hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam tau cog rau hauv lub qhov npaj, tsis muaj kev rhuav tshem cov pob zeb hauv av hauv tsob ntoo,

Txwv tsis pub, cov hauv paus hauv paus tuaj yeem puas thiab cov nroj tsuag yuav tuag .… Qhov kev thab plaub no tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog kev tsim kho zoo, twb tau cog cov yub.

Tsaws

Cov nroj tsuag tsis xav tau ntawm cov av, tab sis cov av xoob xoob nrog qhov nruab nrab lossis acidic me ntsis pH sib npaug yog qhov zoo dua rau kev cog qoob loo zoo. Birch siv lub hauv paus zoo ntawm cov av nplua nuj hauv humus. Yog tias cov dej hauv av nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tsob ntoo. Tsob ntoo "hlau" yuav loj hlob zoo ntawm cov av dub, loam, av xau thiab ntsev ntsev.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub substrate yog noo, tab sis noo noo stagnation yuav tsum zam.

Ua ntej cog, qhov cog cog tau npaj, hauv qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov vaj zaub hauv av nrog peat thiab xuab zeb tau tso, thiab siv cov chiv nyuaj . Yog tias cog tau cog rau thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj potash-phosphorus tau siv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom cog cov ntoo nyob deb ntawm ib lub tsev twg, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv av, kho kom zoo asphalt lossis cobbled paths, uas cuam tshuam nrog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv los ntawm tsob ntoo muaj zog yav tom ntej.

Saib xyuas

Lub hauv paus ntawm kev saib xyuas rau Schmidt birch yog nws tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm kab kab. Qhov kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws rau tsob ntoo yog tshwm sim los ntawm Tsib Hlis kab thiab lawv cov kab, nrog rau sawflies, thrips, goldworms thiab silkworms. Hauv qee kis, kab tsuag tuaj yeem noj tag nrho nws cov nplooj ntoo los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas cov yub tuaj yeem ua rau qhov no.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag, thaum loj hlob birch, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias nws tsis xav tau cov ntxhia thiab cov dej txaus.

Raws li rau tus kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog tinder fungus, tom qab ntawd Schmidt's birch muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau nws .… Tsob ntoo tsis tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog rotting, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob no.

Tshuaj tua kab

Txog kev tiv thaiv thiab kho, tsob ntoo "hlau" yuav tsum tau txau tas li nrog cov tshuaj tua kab los yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab. Yog tias muaj kab tsuag nyob rau ntawm cov ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo hluas, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov nplooj ntoo thiab ua cov yas zoo ntawm tsob ntoo.

Thov

Lub peculiarities ntawm Schmidt birch ntoo yog nyob rau hauv nws qhov txawv txawv hardness, uas yog yuav luag ob npaug ntawm lub zog ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia hlau. Nws ntseeg tias txawm tias lub mos txwv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau txheej ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo no.

Ntoo "hlau" birch tsis raug rau lwj, nws tsis hlawv thiab tiv taus cov kua qaub.

Xav txog cov khoom muaj npe ntawm birch, nws tau siv rau kev tsim cov koom nrog thiab xa cov khoom lag luam rau ntau lub hom phiaj.

Qhov siab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntoo thiab nws qhov tshwj xeeb hardness tso cai tsim cov khoom thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm rau kev siv los ntawm Schmidt birch nrog qib siab ntawm lub zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev . Vim nws qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom, ntoo muaj qhov hnyav ntau, yog li nws poob rau hauv dej. Cov khoom siv no tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv ntab hauv daim ntawv ntawm nkoj lossis nkoj.

Heev feem ntau, cov neeg tsim qauv siv tsob ntoo tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim toj roob hauv pes hauv vaj, chaw ua si, chaw ua si, chaw ua si.

Birch mus zoo nrig nrog cov nroj tsuag xws li ntoo qhib lossis ntoo thuv. Nws zoo nkauj txaus tsis tsuas yog hauv pab pawg, tab sis kuj nyob hauv ib qho tsaws .… Ib qho kis tau tus noog cherry, qhib linden, quaj willow, larch ntsuab, muaj ntoo cedar muaj zog, hloov pauv ntoo tshauv, ntxiv rau lwm cov ntoo lossis cov ntoo qis qis tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib puag ncig zoo rau tsob ntoo.

Schmidt birch zoo li tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cog ib sab rau lwm tus tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg Birch. Piv txwv li, nrog Daurian, dub, Manchurian lossis Japanese birch. Ua ke nrog txhua lwm yam, cov nroj tsuag no tsim cov dej zoo nkauj, qhov twg txhua tsob ntoo nyob ntawm nws tus kheej qib ntawm qhov chaw pub dawb.