2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13
Cov khoom siv vov tsev yog cov khoom siv rau kev npaj lub ru tsev tau siv thaum lub sijhawm tag nrho tsis txaus ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet, thaum qhov ntau ntawm kev ua lag luam tau txwv los ntawm nws thiab slate. Hauv cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no, kev sib tw tau nce, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txo qhov kev thov rau cov khoom pheej yig tab sis cov khoom siv tau. Lub ru tsev npog RKK-350 tau yeej qhov kev lees paub ntawm cov neeg siv, nws tau siv los tsim cov txheej txheej sab saud ntawm lub ru tsev hauv cov tsev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov qauv ntawm lub hom phiaj zoo sib xws.
Kev qhia tshwj xeeb
Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia tias qhov zoo ntawm lub ru tsev thiab lub sijhawm ntawm nws cov kev pabcuam ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv rau nws txoj kev npaj. Txhawm rau kom lub ru tsev qauv ua haujlwm tsawg kawg 10 xyoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv cov txheej txheej zoo-cov no suav nrog cov khoom vov tsev ntawm RKK-350 hom . Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom no, ntxiv rau nws cov tuab, qhov ntev thiab lub cev thiab cov khoom siv tau raug tswj los ntawm GOST thiab kev qhia tshwj xeeb (TU) tau lees paub los ntawm cov khw.
Txhua yob ntawm RKK-350 muaj cov haujlwm ua hauv qab no:
- dav - 1 m, cov qauv tso cai hloov pauv mus txog +/- 5 cm;
- ntev - 10 m, qhov kev tso cai sib txawv ntawm tus nqi no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5 hli hauv ib qho kev qhia lossis lwm qhov;
- thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm 1 yob yog 10 m2, qhov ntsuas yuav txawv ntawm qhov txiaj ntsig no tsis pub ntau tshaj 0.5 m2;
- 1 yob ntawm RKK-350 muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 27 kg, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav los ntawm tus nqi tswj hwm tsis suav tias yog kev kos npe ntawm kev sib yuav;
- qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m2 ntawm lub ru tsev yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 800 g;
- Cov khoom siv vov tsev ntawm hom no muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv dej - qhov ntsuas dej nqus tau yog 2% ib hnub;
- Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm GOST, lub zog tensile tsis tuaj yeem qis dua 32 kg / s.
Peb kos xim tshwj xeeb rau qhov tseeb tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm RCC tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo vim tsis ua raws li txoj cai khaws cia . Thaum yuav kev tsim kho thiab ua tiav cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam, nco ntsoov tias cov yob yog qhov ncaj.
Yog tias lawv tau muab khi rau hauv kab rov tav, tom qab ntawd qhov no ua rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ib txheej rau ib leeg - xws li cov khoom vov tsev yog qhov nyuaj heev rau yob tawm, thiab thaum sib cais, nws tuaj yeem tawg.
Sib xyaw
Kev txiav txim siab ntawm RKK npav txhais tau tias: vov tsev muaj lub ru tsev nrog cov khaub ncaws ntxhib. Cov khoom siv tau pom los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm hygrostability, qhov no tau ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm kev thov ntau txheej ntawm ntau hom bitumen rau lub hauv paus.
Ntau lub Cheebtsam tau siv hauv kev tsim khoom, lawv sib ntxiv ua ke thiab yog li ua kom cov txheej txheem tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv
- Hnav khaub ncaws - RKK saum npoo yog npog nrog cov khaub ncaws hnav, nws xav tau los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm hluav taws xob ultraviolet, sab nraud cov khoom siv poob siab thiab tsau. Nws muaj cov xim daj, ua tsaug uas nws muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam txog li 30-45% ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob thiab ua kom sov qeeb dua li dub.
- Refractory bitumen - txheej txheej tom ntej suav nrog cov khoom lag luam ua kom zoo nrog cov qauv ntom ntom thiab ntxiv cov ntsiab lus yaj. Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom no yog tias thaum txias nws dhau los ua qhov tawg thiab tawg.
- Ru tsev ntawv - feem ntau yog siv cov duab los qhia, kho nrog qis-melting bitumen. Raws li txoj cai, impregnation BNK 45/180 tau siv, nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov roj sib xws thiab xim dub. Kev nqus dej noo ntawm cov duab los qhia no tsis tsawg dua 1300%, thiab lub sijhawm so yog 50 vib nas this.
- Txheej thib ob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob - txheej hauv qab xav tau rau kev teeb tsa RKK ntawm lub ru tsev puag. Rau qhov no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua kom sov txog 160-180 g., Cov khoom ua nplaum, thiab nws yooj yim kho nws ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Plua plav - muaj cov talc-magnesite, siv los tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm cov vov tsev thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom thiab thauj mus los.
Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov
Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ua rau RKK-350 cov khoom vov tsev yog cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev tsim lub ru tsev "ncuav qab zib". Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi - zoo . Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm nws daim ntawv thov raug txiav txim siab ua kom tsis muaj dej, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ru tsev; cov khoom vov tsev feem ntau siv los ua kab hauv qab rau lub ru tsev khov. Raws li ua raws li cov cai thiab kev saib xyuas ib ntus, cov txheej txheej no tuaj yeem kav ntev li 10-12 xyoos.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom vov tsev tsis zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud . Yog li, twb nrog txias txias rau -5 gr. nws pib tawg thaum khoov. Qhov no tseem ceeb txwv qhov kev siv nws hauv thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua sov. Hauv cov nroog thiab cov zos uas muaj lub caij ntuj no hnyav, cov khoom vov tsev no tsis pom zoo siv los ua lub ru tsev tseem ceeb. Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 200-250 gr. RKK-350 pib hlawv.
Ib qho ntxiv, nws tsis ruaj khov rau qhov kev tua hluav taws, yog li nws tsis siv hauv kev tsim cov saunas, chav da dej thiab txhua qhov kev cob qhia tsim khoom nrog qhov muaj feem yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws.
Kev siv tshuab
Cov khoom siv vov tsev ntawm RKK-350 pawg raug xa mus rau qeb ntawm cov txheej txheej tso rau, yog li nws tau siv nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev tsim lub ru tsev "ncuav qab zib". Qhov zoo ntawm lub ru tsev yog qhov yooj yim thiab kev kub ceev ntawm kev teeb tsa. Txhawm rau tso, koj yuav xav tau rab riam ntse, roj hlawv roj, thiab bitumen mastic. Kev txhim kho cov khoom siv vov tsev suav nrog ntau qib.
Ua ntej, lub hauv paus ntawm lub ru tsev tau ntxuav ntawm cov av thiab cov khib nyiab, cov seem ntawm txheej txheej yav dhau los raug tshem tawm
Ob txheej ntawm bitumen mastic tau siv rau saum npoo npaj thiab khaws cia ob peb hnub kom qhuav tag.
Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom hauv ob sab yog fused kom cov nqaws ntawm cov kab ib leeg tsis sib haum ua ke.
Tom ntej no, muab cov khoom vov tsev RKK-350 . Kev teeb tsa pib los ntawm hauv qab, ua tib zoo tshem tawm cov yob hla txoj kev xav ntawm qhov nqes hav. Txhawm rau yaj cov khoom, thawj lub hauv paus ntawm lub ru tsev yog rhaub nrog cov roj hlawv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd ncaj qha rau RKK.
Tseem ceeb: Peb them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau qhov tseeb tias kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm tsuas tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm qhov kub ib puag ncig ntawm 5 degrees. thiab siab dua. Ntawm qhov kub qis dua, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev los ua kom sov lub hauv paus thiab cov bitumen nws tus kheej.
Cov tsho sab saum toj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej, nws tau fused rau ntawm cov ntawv thim rov qab "hauv txoj kev ragged" kom cov nqaws ntawm cov txheej sib txawv tsis sib xws ua ke. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub ru tsev, cov kab yuav tsum tau ruaj nrog 15-20 cm ntev ya-nuv ntses.
Txhua txheej ntawm lub ru tsev ua los ntawm RKK-350 tuaj yeem hloov tsawg kawg yog ob lossis peb txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, uas muaj dej tsis zoo tiv taus thiab ntom ntom . Nrog kev txhim kho kom raug ntawm lub ru tsev "ncuav mog qab zib" ua los ntawm cov xim pleev xim nrog cov bitumen, nws yuav kav 12-13 xyoo.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov kab tawg tuaj yeem tshwm rau ntawm lub ru tsev los ntawm qhov kub nce thiab poob siab. Txhawm rau kom lub neej nyob ntev ntawm cov qauv, kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kho me me yuav tsum tau ua txhua txhua xyoo, kaw ib qho tsis xws luag uas tshwm nrog kua bitumen.
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