2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-09 13:23
Tsis yog txhua qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm tib neeg lub ntsej muag zoo ib yam lom zem. Tab sis txawm tias feem ntau "hnyav" ntawm lawv qee zaum tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, cov hlau thaiv tau siv hauv kev nyab xeeb, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov chaw khaws khoom, chaw ua tub rog, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam. Xav txog ntau yam, kev xaiv thiab txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov khoom xav tau xaim no.
Nqe lus piav qhia
Txhua yam khoom uas tau ua ntu zus yog raug rau tshwj xeeb GOST . Muaj lub xeev tus qauv rau xaim hlau thaiv. Nws tau pom zoo rov qab rau xyoo 1969 los hloov qhov kev cia siab uas tsis muaj hnub nyoog dhau los ntawm xyoo 1941. Barbed hlau tau muab cais los ntawm txheej txheej thiab kev tsim khoom raug. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus kheej thiab kev tso cai sib txawv rau cov ntsuas no tau nruj me ntsis ua haujlwm.
Cov npe ntawm cov kev xav tau tsim los:
- cov khoom siv hauv paus;
- ntsia hlau khoom;
- qhov chaw ntawm cov pos;
- tsis tsim nyog cov hlau tsis xws luag;
- nta ntawm ntau yam txheej;
- ntom ntom ntawm txheej.
Lub xeev tus qauv txawm hais tias ntev npaum li cas cov hlau thaiv yuav tsum nyob hauv ib lub kauj. Raws li GOST 285-69, ib lub kauj muaj 380 qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov pom meej lossis galvanized barbed hlau, thiab nws qhov hnyav yog 35 kg (nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 2 kg nce lossis nqis). Tab sis nws tsis yooj yim li. Qee qhov chaw qhia tias ntau dua 400 txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov xaim tuaj yeem nyob hauv hiav txwv.
Cov kauj nrog qhov ntev ntawm 100 m hnyav kwv yees li 9, 1 kg, tab sis qhov hnyav ntawm ib kauj sib txawv ntawm 35-45 kg.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim
Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsuas yog ib lub npe ntawm tus neeg uas tau tsim cov thaiv thaiv thaiv. Tab sis nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tuav lub peev xwm ntawm cov tiaj tiaj tiaj tus thawb rau nws tsim. Nws tsis tuaj yeem pom tias yog qhov teeb meem loj rau tsiaj nyob hauv tiaj nyom lossis rau cov neeg ua phem nyob hauv tsev loj cuj. Xyoo 1872, yog neeg Asmeskas ua liaj ua teb G. Rose Kuv tuaj nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev txuas cov laug cam nrog cov xov hlau ntse rau cov laj kab hlau yooj yim. Daim ntawv patent tau txais txog rau lub hlis tom qab.
Tab sis qhov niaj hnub saib ntawm cov hlau thaiv tau tsim Yauxej Glidden . Nws pom tau hais tias nrawm cov ntsiab lus ntse ntawm cov laug cam tsis muaj qhov xav tau, yog li nws tsim cov qauv hlau, uas, yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej ntxiv, tau dhau los ua teeb meem loj. Kev qhwv lawv nrog cov hlau xaim uas tsis muaj qhov ntse tau pab tiv thaiv kev txav chaw ntawm qhov spikes. Tseem ceeb: Glidden tsis tau tsim nws tus qauv los ntawm kos, tab sis tau pib los ntawm cov qauv uas twb paub lawm, suav nrog cov uas tau thov hauv Fab Kis.
Ib txoj hauv kev lossis lwm qhov, tab sis kev tsim "egoza" tau loj hlob sai: hauv Asmeskas ib leeg hauv xyoo 1875 nws tau ua 270 tons, thiab peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib puas xyoo tom qab kev tsim tawm ntau dua 150 txhiab tons.
Barbed hlau tshuav nqi ntau rau J. Gates . Thawj thawj zaug hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nws tau siv ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov hlau yaj, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo tus nqi tsim khoom. Thiab nws tseem yog Gates uas tau ua haujlwm tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm qhia tias kaum tawm tus nyuj tau tuav ruaj ntseg los ntawm laj kab hlau. Kev pheej yig ntawm cov khoom tiav thiab kev lag luam ci ntsa iab tau ua lawv txoj haujlwm - tsis ntev "pos" tau yuav tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg uas tab tom nrhiav kev hloov pauv tau zoo rau cov laj kab ntoo nyob ib puag ncig lawv lub tsev. Lawv tau pib siv nws qhov twg muaj hav zoov nplua nuj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov kab ke ib txwm muaj, vim tias nws dhau los ua qhov yooj yim dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua.
Hom loj
Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thaiv. Cia peb xav txog lawv hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv.
Galvanized
Rau txhua qhov zoo sib xws sab nraud, cov xaim hluav taws xob niaj hnub no tsis yog qhov uas tau ua daim ntawv pov thawj thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Txog tam sim no, txog 450 daim ntawv pov thawj tau muab rau nws. Cov neeg sau cov laj kab hlau (muaj, nws hloov tawm, muaj qee qhov) suav mus txog 2 txhiab hom sib txawv thiab kuaj . Hauv phau ntawv teev npe ntawm cov tuam ntxhab, tsuas yog 2 lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntau yam tau hais. Qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog kev tsim kho ib leeg ib leeg nrog spikes thoob plaws.
Lub thickness ntawm cov khoom no feem ntau yog 2, 8 hli . Nws yog qhov kev xaiv no uas feem ntau siv hauv tsev sov thiab laj kab nyob ib puag ncig lub tsev ntiag tug.
Cov kab xev xaim siv kuj tseem dav heev. Nws cov npoo yuav luag zoo li rab chais hniav zoo. Daim kab xev muaj nyob rau hauv ncaj los yog sib tw.
Txhawb zog
Txheej nrog txheej txheej tiv thaiv zinc tsis ib txwm pab daws cov haujlwm uas tau ua. Qee lub sij hawm yuav tsum muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntxiv ntawm cov qauv thaiv. Cov kev xaiv zoo li no paub:
- Bruno txoj hlua (tig ntawm txoj kab sib txawv);
- daim kab xev corrugated tiaj nrog lub ntsej muag taw qhia;
- "Chain-link" nrog cov pob zeb zoo li lub pob zeb;
- spikes uas ntxiv rau lub laj kab loj.
Lub biaxial (ntau qhov tseeb, ob lub hauv paus) thaiv cov nyom kuj tseem xav tau. Rau feem ntau, nws yog ua los ntawm cov hlau galvanized.
Kev hla ntu ntawm txhua tus tub ntxhais mus txog 1.6 hli. Cov leeg yog sib cuam tshuam. Cov neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem xa cov xov hlau zoo li no mus rau qhov siab txog li 100 meter.
Ib qho kev ntxhib los mos hlau zoo nkauj zoo li qhov no
Cov khoom lag luam ua haujlwm hauv qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ntsuas rau tam sim no ntawm 2-10 kV. Lawv feem ntau yog tsim rau cov tsiaj yug tsiaj thiab cov tsev txhab nyiaj. Rov qab los rau daim kab xev tsim, nws tsim nyog taw qhia tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau puas thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqaij mos. Lawv tau siv los tiv thaiv cov qauv, suav nrog cov uas tau teeb tsa ntawm cov thav duab thiab txhawb nqa. Thiab hom classic ntawm txoj hlua hlau yog siv feem ntau ntawm nws tus kheej.
Cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj feem ntau hu ua "xov " … Nws ib txwm yog cov khoom siv galvanized nrog tuab ntawm 2.5 txog 2.8 hli. Mus dhau cov kev txwv no yog kev poob siab. Muaj xov ob qho tib si los ntawm ib lub xov hlau thiab los ntawm ob txoj hlua, braided rau hauv "pigtail". Qhov sib txawv no tseem yog ua los ntawm cov pos. Stamped studs feem ntau yog siv qhov xav tau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Kev ywj pheej "xov" muaj zog heev thiab muaj ntu me me . Cov khoom zoo li no tiv taus qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub tshaj. Kev tiv thaiv kev nyuab siab kuj tseem nce ntxiv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, "xov" nrog kev ywj pheej ntxiv tau siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm qhov dav. Raws li rau "mos" xaim, nws yooj yim dua thaum khawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, dhau sijhawm, lub laj kab tsis muaj zog thiab pib poob qis . Qhov tsis zoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshaj tawm nrog qhov ntev ntawm qhov dav. Qhov teeb meem tsis tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj xaim hlau nyob hauv thaj chaw me me. Ib qho ntxiv, cov kws paub txuj ci txawv qhov tho qhov txiav daim kab xev thiab txhawb "twist" hauv ib pawg tshwj xeeb. Tag nrho cov seem, cov kws tshaj lij txiav txim siab lawv tsuas yog cov khoom me me ntawm peb hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thaiv.
Nrov manufacturers
"Pos" yog xav tau hom "Egoza ". Lub tuam txhab no tsim nws cov khoom hauv nroog Miass nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Ural tsoomfwv txoj kev loj. Qhov chaw no tam sim tsim qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo logistical. Lub rooj cob qhia tseem ceeb tau nruab nrog ob txoj kab siv tshuab, thiab cov khoom raug pleev xim nrog cov hmoov sib xyaw-polymer. Kub zinc txheej yog muaj raws li tus neeg thov kev thov; cov tuab ntawm nws txheej tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 70 txog 120 microns.
Nws tsim nyog them nyiaj mloog rau kev tsim khoom hauv nroog Lyudinovo, cheeb tsam Kaluga. Los ntawm qhov ntawd koj tuaj yeem xaj cov hlau thaiv hauv SBB, AKL, PKLZ cov qauv. " Mesh thiab Hlau Cog " tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm AKL txij li xyoo 2006. Cov khoom siv suav nrog:
- Bruno txoj hlua;
- SCL;
- galvanized ntse hlau nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2, 8 hli;
- tiaj "Gyurza";
- flattened barbed daim kab xev "Acacia" (thiab tus lej ntawm lwm txoj kev xaiv).
Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua tib zoo saib cov khoom:
- PJSC TNMK;
- MMK-Metiz;
- Atlant-Media LLC;
- ROL-MET-BUD;
- Eurobarb Concertina;
- SE "Soyuz";
- Granza.
Nws nyob qhov twg?
Barbed hlau feem ntau tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov laj kab nyob ib puag ncig lub tsev sov, lub tsev hauv tebchaws lossis txawm tias yog lub nroog hauv tsev. Tab sis nws tseem nquag siv rau laj kab nyob ib puag ncig cov nyom, cov ntoo. Thiab kuj cov hlua hlau tau teeb tsa:
- nyob ib ncig ntawm tsev loj cuj;
- ntawm cov chaw ua tub rog;
- ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov chaw nres tsheb;
- ntawm tshav dav hlau;
- ntawm kev pabcuam aerodromes;
- hauv cov tsev kho mob;
- hauv khw muag khoom;
- ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam;
- hauv cov chaw nres nkoj.
Kev cai teeb tsa
Kev nrawm ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntsug, khawb rau hauv av, tau ua tiav hauv qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 m . Cov kev txhawb nqa no txaus txaus rau txuas cov hlau nws tus kheej, tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv uas yuav tsum tau ua. Tab sis kev nce qib ntawm kev nyab xeeb tsuas yog ua tau nrog kev nruj ntxiv ntawm cov xaim nyob hauv lub dav hlau hla nrog kev hwm rau cov kab tseem ceeb. Cov xov ntoo tuaj yeem siv tau ntxiv rau qhov twb tau tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv. Hauv qhov no, nws tau teeb tsa saum lub laj kab thiab rooj vag.
Cov kab xev txhawb nqa yog qhov nyuaj dua los sib dhos. Txhawm rau nruab nws koj yuav xav tau:
- txiab rau txiav hlau txhawb;
- Sib tsoo;
- qee qhov lwm yam cuab yeej, nyob ntawm seb cov xaim txuas mus rau cov ntsiab lus thauj tog rau nkoj.
Kev teeb tsa hlau Egoza yuav yooj yim dua los ntawm kev siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb . Rau cov qauv tiaj thiab muab kauv, tib hom kab zauv tuaj yeem siv tau. Nws yog kev tso cai rau mount lawv nyob rau ntau qhov chaw. Tam sim no lawv muag crumbs ntawm cov qauv sib txawv:
- ncaj qha;
- L-puab;
- Y-puab.
Lub laj kab yuav tsum tau npaj ntawm nws tus kheej nrog cov kauj ruam nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom sib dhos tsis pub ntau tshaj 2, 5-3 m. Koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm tsis yog hauv hnab looj tes tiv thaiv nkaus xwb, tab sis tseem hnav khaub ncaws nruj. Qee lub sij hawm nws ua rau pom kev txawm tias yuav tsom iav kev nyab xeeb. Cov duab ntawm tus bracket tau xaiv coj los rau hauv tus account qhov yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, thaj chaw yuav tsum tau kos tawm.
Cov ntsiab lus thauj tog rau nkoj raug tsau siv cov ntsia hlau los yog los ntawm vuam. Tom qab ntawd ib txoj hlua tau muab tso rau saum cov crumbs siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog rub ob txoj hlua raws qhov ntev ntawm txoj hlua. Cov kauv nws tus kheej tau ua raws, thiab nws tau tsau siv twists ntawm tus qauv tshwj xeeb.
Thaum kawg, ib feem ntawm cov laj kab hlau tau txuas nrog siv cov khoom sib dhos. Yog tias lub laj kab yuav muaj zog, koj yuav tsum ceeb toom txog qhov no los ntawm dai cov cim tshwj xeeb nyob ib puag ncig nrog cov lus ceeb toom meej.
Pom zoo:
Muaj Pes Tsawg Tons Ntawm Rubble Nyob Hauv Lub Voos Xwmfab? 14 Duab Ntau Npaum Li Cas 1 Lub Voos Xwmfab Rubble 5-20 Thiab 20-40 Mm Hnyav? Qhov Tshwj Xeeb Thiab Qhov Hnyav Hnyav. Muaj Pes Tsawg Pob Zeb Tawg Hauv M3?
Muaj pes tsawg tons ntawm rubble nyob hauv lub voos xwmfab? Ntau npaum li cas 1 lub voos xwmfab rubble 5-20 thiab 20-40 mm hnyav? Dab tsi koj yuav tsum paub txog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov pob zeb tawg, cov nuances dab tsi yuav tsum yog tus neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom no sawv cev?
Muaj Pes Tsawg Daim Ntoo Cuav Nyob Hauv 1 Lub Voos Xwmfab? Muaj Pes Tsawg Square Metres Ntawm 6-meter Thiab Lwm Cov Laug Cam Nyob Hauv Ib Lub Voos Xwmfab? Yuav Suav Li Cas Kom Muaj Nuj Nqis?
Muaj pes tsawg daim ntoo cuav nyob hauv 1 lub voos xwmfab? Muaj pes tsawg square metres ntawm 6-meter thiab lwm cov laug cam nyob hauv ib lub voos xwmfab? Yuav xam cov naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv ntoo zoo li cas thiab tsis raug yuam kev hauv lawv qhov kev suav pes tsawg?
Muaj Pes Tsawg Lub Voos Ntawm Cov Xuab Zeb Nyob Hauv Lub Voos Xwmfab Ntawm Cov Qhob? Yuav Xav Tau Nyiaj Npaum Li Cas Rau 1 M3 Ntawm Cov Pob Zeb Sib Txawv Rau Cov Tshuaj Khib? Muaj Pes Tsawg Kg Ntawm Cov Xuab Zeb Nyob Hauv Lub Voos Xwmfab Ntawm M300 Thiab M400?
Muaj pes tsawg lub voos ntawm cov xuab zeb nyob hauv lub voos xwmfab ntawm cov qhob? Yuav xav tau nyiaj npaum li cas rau 1 m3 ntawm cov pob zeb sib txawv rau cov tshuaj khib? Muaj pes tsawg kg ntawm cov xuab zeb nyob hauv lub voos xwmfab ntawm M300 thiab M400? Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob yuam kev thaum sib tov cov tshuaj?
Dej Xuab Zeb Qhov Hnyav: Pes Tsawg Tons Hauv Ib Cubic Meter? Qhov Tshwj Xeeb Thiab Qhov Hnyav Nyob Hauv 1 M3. Yuav Ua Li Cas Muaj Ntau Yam Kilograms Ib Cubic Mev Ntawm Cov Xuab Zeb Hnyav? Rooj
Dab tsi txiav txim siab qhov hnyav ntawm cov xuab zeb dej? Muaj pes tsawg tons feem ntau hauv lub voos xwmfab ntawm cov xuab zeb? Qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov hnyav npaum li cas hauv 1 m3 ntawm cov xuab zeb dej hauv qhov xwm txheej sib txawv?
Cov Dos Hnyav Npaum Li Cas? Qhov Hnyav Nruab Nrab Ntawm 1 Daim Dos. Muaj Pes Tsawg Dos Hauv Ib Kilogram? Muaj Pes Tsawg Grams Ua Ib Pawg Ntawm Cov Dos Ntsuab Hnyav?
Ntau npaum li cas dos thiab plaub hnyav? Qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 1 daim. thiab pes tsawg tus muaj nyob hauv ib kilogram? Lub ntiaj teb dos loj tshaj plaws. Dab tsi ntau yam tshwj xeeb tshaj yog loj-fruited?
