Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tsim Tsev Tshiab: Hloov Kho Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tsev Rau Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Phab Ntsa Hauv Chav Tsev Thiab Tsev, Lwm Yam

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Cov ntaub ntawv tsim tsev tshiab yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov kev daws teeb meem yav dhau los thiab thev naus laus zis siv hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tsim vaj tsev thiab cov qauv. Lawv yog cov tswv yim, muaj peev xwm muab kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Nws tsim nyog tham hauv ntau yam ntxiv txog cov khoom tsim kho tsev tshiab muaj nyob niaj hnub no rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa hauv chav tsev thiab tsev.

Peculiarities

Cov ntaub ntawv tsim tsev tshiab tsis yog khoom plig rau zam. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis kev tsim khoom, muab kev tsim kho vaj tsev kom zoo dua qub, zoo dua qub, pab txhim kho thaj chaw nrog cov xwm txheej sib txawv thiab xav tau.

Lawv muaj lawv tus kheej yam ntxwv

1. Kev siv hluav taws xob zoo … Txo tus nqi cua sov lub tsev, txo cov cua sov poob - cov no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas feem ntau txhawj xeeb txog cov tsim tawm.
2. Kev teeb tsa nrawm . Feem ntau, tus nplaig-thiab-zawj lossis lwm yam kev sib txuas tau siv uas tsis tas yuav siv cov hlau txuas ntxiv.
3. Txhim kho cov khoom cua sov … Ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab twb suav nrog txheej uas tsis xav tau kev teeb tsa ntxiv rwb thaiv tsev.
4. Ua raws li cov qauv niaj hnub no . Niaj hnub no, ntau cov ntaub ntawv raug rau kev ua kom huv huv lossis ib puag ncig ntau ntxiv. Ua raws li cov cai hauv European thiab cov qauv hauv tsev tso cai rau koj txhim kho cov khoom lag luam zoo.
5. Qhov hnyav tsawg kawg . Lub teeb yuag tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev vim tias lawv tso cai txo qis kev thauj khoom ntawm lub hauv paus. Vim li ntawd, lub hauv paus nws tus kheej kuj tuaj yeem tsim ua ntej.
6. Kev sib xyaw ua ke … Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw cov khoom ntawm lawv cov khoom xyaw, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav.
7. Kev zoo nkauj … Ntau yam khoom siv niaj hnub no tau npaj tiav rau kev ua tiav, thiab qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem nyob tsis muaj nws, thaum xub thawj muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj.

Cov no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas muaj los ntawm kev tsim kho lub tsev tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiav uas siv hauv kev tsim lossis kho dua tshiab vaj tsev, chaw lag luam thiab chaw ua haujlwm.

Saib

Cov khoom lag luam tshiab tsis tshwm ntau zaus hauv kev tsim kho. Ntau ntawm lawv dhau los ua "kev xav" kaum xyoo tom qab lawv tau pib ua rau ntau lawm. Nthuav tias nrov tshaj plaws yog lub tsev tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiav nrog txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, txo tus nqi thiab txo sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Pob zeb ua vaj tse

Cov khoom siv muaj cov yam ntxwv muaj zog uas zoo tshaj rau cov khoom siv ua vaj tsev. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws cov nqi siab, koom nrog cov kev xaiv sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm carbon fiber thiab pob zeb dag … Lub zog tensile ntawm cov monolith tshaj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov qib hlau zoo tshaj 4 zaug, thaum qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv raug txo qis.

Kev tsim khoom yog nqa tawm raws li 2 thev naus laus zis

1. Nrog pouring rau hauv formwork. Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau tau txuas rau hauv cov pwm, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj npaj tau qhia.
2. Txheej los ntawm txheej. Hauv qhov no, cov ntaub tshwj xeeb carbon fiber tau siv, uas tau tso nruab nrab ntawm cov txheej txheej ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke. Cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum xav tau cov tuab tuab.

Nyob ntawm qhov xav tau, kev siv tshuab zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov pob zeb ua vaj tse tau xaiv.

Aerated qhob

Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tsev tsim kho tshiab ua los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntawm tes, raws li Portland MAAs, ya tshauv, txhuas hmoov thiab av ua kua txiv qaub tov nrog dej … Aerated qhob yog thoob plaws hauv kev tsim qis. Nws yog siv los tsim ib txheej thiab ntau txheej phab ntsa, tso cai kom txo cov khoom siv thaum txhim kho phab ntsa thiab muab faib.

Ntxeem tau tej hub

Cov phab ntsa tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no muaj qhov ntom ntom tsawg thiab ua haujlwm siab zog … Cov khoom siv zoo ib yam hauv nws cov yam ntxwv rau cov aerated qhob, tab sis tshaj nws hais txog kev ua kom muaj cua sov. Qhov sib txawv yog nce txog 28%.

Ib qho ntxiv, cov block no pheej yig heev thiab muaj rau ntau yam ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom.

Txhim kho vaj huam sib luag vaj huam sib luag nrog rwb thaiv tsev

Kev npaj ua cov phab ntsa uas muaj qhov rai thiab qhov rooj qhib, pov rau hauv daim ntawv slabs . Cov no yog cov kev daws teeb meem sai, tsim nyob hauv lub hoobkas. Rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv tso cai rau koj kom tsis kam ntxiv kev teeb tsa cua sov. Hauv qee kis, cov nplais tau tsim ua cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov chaw.

Ntoo qhob, los yog arbolite

Qhov sib xyaw ua ke hnyav no ua ke cov khoom ntawm cov cement thiab ntoo ntoo . Nws muaj cov khoom cua sov zoo rwb thaiv tsev, cov khoom siv ntau dua li cov cib thiab nthuav av nplaum ua vaj tsev hauv nws cov khoom.

Nws tau siv hauv kev tsim kho qhov uas nws xav tau txhawm rau txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob zoo ntawm lub tsev, thaum tib lub sijhawm txo lub nra ntawm lub hauv paus.

Polystyrene qhob

Cov khoom siv hauv cov thaiv nrog ua tiav sab nrauv tiav. Polystyrene granules tau qhia rau hauv pawg ntawm aerated qhob thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom … Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov khoom siv tau sov dua thiab ruaj khov dua li cov qhob aerated lossis cov qhob aerated. Phab ntsa yog qhov hnyav, tsis xav tau kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntxiv

Peat thaiv

Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog cov khoom cua sov zoo heev . Peat blocks tau siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntau-storey.

Nrog nws txoj kev pab, cov tuam tsev siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub tau tsim los uas tso cai txuag hluav taws xob thiab txuag kev saib xyuas vaj tsev.

Taag formwork

Polymer blocks, zoo ib yam li Lego cib, txuas nrog ib leeg ntawm txoj cai ntawm lub xaib . Cov txheej txheem yooj yim sib dhos tau txhawb ntxiv sab hauv, ntim nrog cov pob zeb nyob ib puag ncig tag nrho hauv 3-4 kab. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no xav tau hauv kev tsim kho monolithic, muab lub zog siab ntawm kev ua tiav monolith.

Monolithic ntoo

Kev daws teeb meem tshiab uas tso cai rau koj los tsim phab ntsa los ntawm ntoo ib zaug nrog cov tuab tuab 100 hli lossis ntau dua . Hauv kev tsim kho qis qis, ib txoj kab nqaj hlau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los txo qhov tob ntawm lub hauv paus, txo kev thauj khoom ntawm lub hauv paus.

Xws li cov phab ntsa tuaj yeem sab laug yam tsis muaj qhov kawg, vim lawv cov cua sov tsis zoo, lawv hla cib hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo.

Basalt ntaub plaub

Nws hloov lwm hom khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Basalt ntxhia wool yog tiv taus hluav taws. Cov khoom siv muaj cov cua kub-insulating thiab suab-insulating yam ntxwv, tiv taus deformation thaum huab cua hloov pauv.

Ecowool

Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev kub raws li cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Nws tau siv txij li xyoo 2008, nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws cov kev siv nyiaj txiag thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob siab . Fungus thiab pwm tsis tshwm hauv cov khoom, nws tsis suav nrog cov nas los yog kab.

Tsis muaj cov pa phem ua rau ib yam - ecowool hla ntau qhov sib piv hauv nws ib puag ncig kev phooj ywg.

Microcement

Cov khoom tiav uas xav tau hauv kev tsim qauv sab hauv. Nws muaj cov khoom siv polymer, cov zas xim, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muab cov dej noo tiv taus rau qhov chaw kho, thiab txhim kho cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj . Cov qauv zoo ntawm cov hmoov av cement muab cov nplaum zoo rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv.

LSU

Cov ntawv iav Magnesite tau siv hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm cov tsev thiab cov qauv, haum rau phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb cladding, tsim cov ntu. Cov khoom siv muaj xws li fiberglass, magnesium oxide thiab chloride, perlite.

Cov ntawv txheeb yog cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, tiv taus ya raws, muaj zog thiab siv cov duab nyuaj thiab khoov tau zoo heev nrog lub vojvoog ntawm txoj kab nkhaus txog li 3 m.

Cov ntawv thov

Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab feem ntau tsom mus rau kev tsim kho kev lag luam … Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa hauv chav tsev, tsuas yog microcement los yog iav magnesite nplooj ntawv . Rau sab hauv ntawm thaj chaw, koj tuaj yeem siv thiab monolithic ntoo - nws tsis xav tau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv, lub tsev ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim ntawd tau npaj rau kev nyob. Hauv kev tsim, xws li kev xav hauv tsev hauv tsev tau suav tias yog qhov zoo rau sab hauv niaj hnub no.

Hauv kev tsim cov tsev qis qis, lawv xav tau heev ntau yam thaiv . Hauv cov tsev ntiav, feem ntau yog cov khoom siv hnyav uas tsis siv lub nra hnyav rau lub hauv paus. Hauv tsev ntiav nws tuaj yeem tsim tau kab hlau rhuav facade los ntawm cov blocks . Thaum tsim cov txheej txheem khaws cia thaum lub sijhawm rov kho dua, kev txuag lub tsev qub, lawv siv pob zeb ua vaj tse.

Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov tsev … Nov yog yuav ua li cas cov tuam tsev thev naus laus zis tshwm sim, cua sov uas yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj tsawg dua. Cov no yog, piv txwv li, ntau lub tsev nyuaj ua los ntawm txoj cai ntawm kev tsim kho nrawm.