Gypsum (43 Duab): Kev Tsim Kho Thiab Lwm Yam. Nws Yog Dab Tsi Thiab Nws Ua Los Ntawm Dab Tsi? Yuav Ua Li Cas Ua Cov Plaster Hauv Tsev?

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Gypsum yog cov khoom siv uas tau siv hauv ntau qhov chaw, muaj ntau yam ntxwv zoo thiab qhov zoo uas txawv nws qhov zoo los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Peb xav kos koj lub ntsej muag kom paub ntxaws ntxaws txog cov khoom no thiab nws cov ntau yam. Peb yuav muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Nws yog dab tsi thiab nws ua los ntawm dab tsi?

Gypsum yog ua los ntawm pob zeb gypsum . Kev tsim khoom tau ua tiav raws li hauv qab no: pob zeb hla dhau lub qhov cub tawg thiab raug rho tawm, tom qab ntawd nws yog av rau hauv lub xeev hmoov. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam tsim kho rau phab ntsa. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm gypsum yog nws lub peev xwm nqus dej noo. Cov khoom lag luam koom nrog pawg sulfates.

Kev qhia tshwj xeeb

Gypsum muaj cov lej ntsuas uas koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej ua ntej xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv . Gypsum muaj cov qauv zoo, nws qhov hnyav sib txawv ntawm 2.60 txog 2.76 g / cm3. Yog tias peb tham txog ntau yam xoob xoob, qhov ntsuas tau nce mus txog 850-1150 kg / m3, hauv daim ntawv cog lus, qhov ntom yog siab dua (txog 1455 kg ib m3).

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov khoom tsim tawm raws li GOST, yog li nws ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau thiab cov qauv . Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom yog nrawm nrawm thiab teeb tsa, cov tshuaj dries tau yooj yim thiab teeb tsa, tawv hauv ib nrab teev twb plaub feeb tom qab npaj. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov khoom tiav yuav tsum tau siv tam sim thiab ua tiav. Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem no qeeb, cov kws tshaj lij sib xyaw gypsum nrog cov nplaum. Qhov nqus tshwj xeeb yog sib npaug rau qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom.

Gypsum mortar tuaj yeem ua kom sov, thaum cov khoom khaws cia. Cov khoom uas ua los ntawm cov khoom no yog tiv taus hluav taws, thiab txawm tias qhov kub siab tshaj qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb, kev puas tsuaj yuav tshwm sim tom qab 6-8 teev. Raws li rau lub zog, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qhov ntsuas no nyob hauv qhov nrawm yog 4-6 MPa, hauv hom muaj zog nws nce mus txog 40 MPa, cov hnoos qeev tuaj yeem tuaj yeem muaj zog dua peb zaug. Cov khoom siv tsis ua cua sov zoo, nws tuaj yeem yaj tau yooj yim hauv dej, tab sis txhua lub sijhawm nws ua kom sov, qhov ua kom qis dua.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov khoom sib xyaw hauv lub tsev yog qhov zoo kawg, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li nquag siv hauv ntau qhov chaw.

Hom thiab lawv daim ntawv thov

Gypsum tau siv hauv kev lag luam sib txawv, feem ntau nws yog qhov xav tau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Cov khoom tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, sab nrauv sab nrauv, acrylic rau lub hom phiaj zoo nkauj, lub qhov cub, cov pwm qab nthab thiab txawm tias cov ntsiab lus stucco. Thaum lub sij hawm ua haujlwm plaster, cov kws tshaj lij tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj qhov kev daws teeb meem no. Txij li qhov no yog cov khoom siv kom qhuav sai, koj yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nrog nws sai, tab sis txhua yam nws nyob ntawm hom khoom.

Qhov txiaj ntsig loj yog tias cov khoom siv gypsum tsis tawg . Cov kua qaub qaub muab cov yas rau cov khoom, thaum xav tau ntau yam kev sib sau ua ke raug tshem tawm. Kev qaug dab peg ntawm cov plaster cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm sai, yog li cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ua cov txheej txheem no.

Tsev

Thaum kho thiab ua haujlwm, ib tus neeg ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj cov khoom siv zoo li no. Gypsum tau nquag siv rau grouting, grout zoo heev li plaster thiab cladding, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv txhawm rau txhawm rau qee yam.

Siab zog

Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom no zoo ib yam li yav dhau los, qhov sib txawv tsuas yog qis dua porosity vim yog cov nplej ntxhib . Lub zog ntawm cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov gypsum zoo heev. Kev kho cua sov yog siv thaum tsim khoom. Lub tsev sib tov yog tsim los ntawm nws, muab faib ua ntu uas tsis tuaj yeem hlawv tawm. Txog rau kev tso cov khoom huv huv los ntawm cov plooj (porcelain) thiab cov av hauv av, yuav tsum muaj kev daws teeb meem zoo li no. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob hnov qab thaj chaw tshuaj, uas tsis ua yam tsis muaj gypsum, nws tau nquag siv nws cov lus qhia ntau yam.

Cellacast

Los ntawm cov plaster, cov ntaub qhwv tau tsim, cov qauv uas yog yas heev, yog li nws yooj yim thiab yooj yim los ua cov ntaub qhwv los ntawm lawv.

Nws muaj kev nyab xeeb los hais tias cellacast nrog nws cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam li cov ntaub qhwv polymer.

Polymeric

Orthopedic traumatologists ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv no thaum lub sijhawm qhwv . Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom suav nrog kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, ua pa tau yooj yim, tiv taus ya raws, hnyav hnyav thiab muaj peev xwm los tswj lub xeev cov pob txha siv X-rays.

Duab puab

Xws li gypsum tau suav tias yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws; ntau yam duab puab thiab duab puab yog tsim los ntawm nws .… Tsis muaj lwm yam sib xyaw hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, yog li ntuj dawb tau khaws cia. Cov khoom siv tau zoo heev rau kev kos duab khoom plig, thaum nws siv hauv tsheb, plooj (porcelain) thiab faience thiab kev lag luam aviation. Sculptural plaster ua raws li lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv kev sib tov qhuav rau puttying. Cov tshuaj cug zeb yog tau los ntawm cov tshuaj khib los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab sib tsoo. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias gypsum stucco molding tau xav tau ntau pua xyoo; cov khoom qub tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv, uas tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau niaj hnub no.

Dawb

Xws li gypsum yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib khi thiab tawg, stucco molding kuj tau ua los ntawm nws, tus lej ntawm lwm qhov kev tsim kho thiab kho ua haujlwm tau ua nrog nws . Cov khoom siv no muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm lub tsev sib xyaw. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias nws nyuaj hauv 10 feeb, yog li nws zoo dua los ua noj nws hauv qhov me me thiab siv tam sim ntawd.

Acrylic

Rau kev tsim khoom, siv cov yas, tom qab tawv nws yog cov gypsum zoo tib yam, uas muaj qhov sib txawv nkaus xwb - lub cev hnyav. Ua tsaug rau cov yam ntxwv no, cov khoom tsim nyog rau tsim cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj thiab stucco pwm. Cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog tiv taus te, tsis nqus dej noo, yog li nws tau siv rau lub ntsej muag ntsej muag. Nws yog qhov zoo siab los ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv, qee zaum crumbs lossis tshwj xeeb txhuas hmoov ntxiv rau nws, vim qhov ua tiav thawj qhov ua tiav.

Polyurethane

Cov khoom siv polystyrene tau muab ntawm tus nqi qis dua cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj, thaum nws cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam.

Lwm yam

Translucent plaster yog nplua-grained, yog li qhov kev xaiv no zoo tshaj plaws rau txhaws pob qij txha thiab koom nrog cov pob zeb. Cov khoom siv hauv cov kua ua kua tau npaj los ntawm hmoov thiab dej, yog li qhov ntom ntom tuaj yeem xaiv ntawm nws tus kheej, raws li qhov muaj ntawm daim ntawv thov. Hws noo resistant gypsum tau txais los ntawm kev ua cov ntaub ntawv raw siv lub tshuab tshwj xeeb, txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, vinasse tau ntxiv.

Gypsum yog cov khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas tau, tab sis thaum nws los txog rau nplooj ntawv, tus yam ntxwv no tsis siv . Txhawm rau muab hluav taws tiv thaiv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv tus nplaig-thiab-zawj sib xyaw. Muaj qib siab ntawm cov yas vaj tsev zoo, tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom hauv nws.

Ntau tus neeg tsim qauv xaiv cov khoom no vim tias nws yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm yooj yim nrog.

Npav

Hom sib txawv ntawm gypsum tau muab rau ntawm kev ua lag luam, qhov ntsuas no ib txwm tau qhia ntawm pob khoom hauv daim ntawv ntawm A, B, C . Koj yuav tsum nkag siab qhov no txhawm rau xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm, coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov yam ntxwv thiab yam ntxwv, vim tias muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem nrawm, ib txwm thiab ua kom tawv tawv. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov tuam ntxhab faib cov khoom raws li qib ntawm kev sib tsoo hmoov - ntxhib, nruab nrab thiab nplua . Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog qhia los ntawm tus lej Roman l, feem, thib ob - ll, thiab qhov thib peb - lll.

Cov khoom ua los ntawm cov hmoov zoo yuav muaj qhov zoo dua qub. Kev faib tawm yog ua raws lub zog, yog li ntawm 12 yam tuaj yeem pom hauv khw, lawv yuav zoo li qhov no-G-13, G-5, G-6, thiab lwm yam. Tus lej qhia txog lub zog sib zog, ntsuas hauv megapascals . Cov hnab tau cim nrog cov cim uas koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab koj tus kheej los txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm lub zog, lub sijhawm tawv thiab hom sib tsoo.

Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Txhawm rau nrhiav cov khoom lag luam zoo rau kev ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog tsis tsuas yog txiav txim siab hom khoom, tab sis tseem yuav tsum kawm txog cov tuam txhab ua lag luam uas lav zoo … Kev lag luam hauv tsev muaj kev xaiv dav ntawm cov npe uas tau txais kev mloog zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab Samaragips muab "Ntse Plaster" rau kev tsim cov duab thiab cov khoom tsim vaj tsev. Cov khoom muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv no rau qee yam haujlwm.

Samara Gypsum Plant tau muab nws cov kev pabcuam tau ntau xyoo. Cov khoom lag luam tau ruaj khov, ntseeg tau thiab tau muab rau hauv ntau yam rau txhua cheeb tsam.

" Angarsk gypsum cog " tau muaj nyob rau 60 xyoo thiab tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ntawm cov uas muaj kev xaiv dav ntawm cov sib tov qhuav. Lub tuam txhab tsim tawm txog 6 txhiab tons hauv ib hlis, uas tsis tuaj yeem tab sis xav tsis thoob. Tuam txhab " CherkesskStroyProduct " yog ib lub tuam txhab ua lag luam nyob hauv tsev, nws muab cov khoom siv dag zog zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam xws li GVVS-16, GVVS-19 cov duab puab, GVVS-25, G-5, thiab lwm yam.

Cov khoom no tau nquag siv hauv kev tsim kho.

Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv

Kev sib xyaw ntawm gypsum suav nrog xws li cov khoom tawg yooj yim xws li calcium, yog li nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj impurities thiab ntxiv . Hauv cov chaw tsim khoom, impregnations tau siv los ua kom lub qhov hws ntawm cov khoom nto, tsuas yog tom qab cov xim tuaj yeem siv tau. Ntuj qhuav ziab roj ua raws li cov khoom siv tsis huv, tab sis nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yooj yim los ntawm cov kua iav lossis cov kua nplaum PVA zoo tib yam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tos kom txog thaum nws qhuav thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd npog cov khoom nrog cov zas xim lossis cov kua roj vanish. Lwm qhov ntxiv yog cov yas yas, ua tsaug rau qhov uas nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuaj khib thiab txawm tias tswj cov dej.

Txhawm rau txo qis nqus dej, yuav tsum siv tshuaj pleev dej, thaum nws khaws cov pa nkag mus, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb . Kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsis tshwm rau ntawm cov khoom siv gypsum thaum qhov kub hloov pauv. Cov kua roj vanish yog cov khoom siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov khoom siv gypsum, lawv kaw lub qhov hws kom txo qis qhov nqus ntawm cov gypsum. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg nkag mus tob rau hauv txhua qhov kab nrib pleb, ua rau tsim cov zaj duab xis muaj zog nrog cov nplaum zoo.

Txij li gypsum tawv nrawm, qee zaum koj yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj ntxiv uas yuav ua rau cov txheej txheem no qeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau kev ua haujlwm loj. Sodium tartrate los yog sodium citrate yog siv los ua cov tshuaj no. Qee zaum cov kws tshaj lij ntxiv citric acid lossis Dextrin rau kev daws teeb meem.

Yuav ua li cas ua tom tsev?

Cov khoom xoob tau nquag siv tsis tsuas yog ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom loj thiab cov chaw tsim khoom, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub, vim tias nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau yam khoom lag luam, cov khoom zoo nkauj, thiab lwm yam . Yog li, yog tias koj xav ua nws koj tus kheej, koj tsuas yog xav tau ob peb cov khoom xyaw thiab ntim khoom sib xyaw rau ua noj. Dej tau nchuav rau hauv lub nkoj, tom qab ntawd cov sib tov qhuav tau maj mam nchuav, thaum nplawm txhua yam kom huv si. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los soj ntsuam qhov nrawm ntawm no kom qhov kev daws teeb meem tsis dhau ua ntej koj siv nws, nws yuav tsum tau ua hauv 2 feeb, siv tsuas yog dej txias. Qhov sib xws yuav tsum zoo li kua qaub kua, yog tias muaj dej ntau dhau, nws txaus los ntxiv qhov sib tov.

Sai li txhua yam tau npaj tiav, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau pib siv cov gypsum, nws raug nquahu kom ua kom sib tov sib xyaw ua ntu me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov no yog thawj qhov kev paub nrog kev sib xyaw qhuav.

Yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm nrog plaster?

Ua ntej koj pib sib tov hmoov gypsum, koj yuav tsum suav qhov feem, suav nrog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom uas xav tau .… Thaum lub zog hnyav, cov tshuaj yuav nce me ntsis, cov cua sov yuav pib tso tawm, ua tsaug rau qhov no, thaum kho thiab tsim kho ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv yuav ua kom tag nrho cov zawj thiab cov kab nrib pleb, tib lub sijhawm nws yuav rov ua qhov ntim sab hauv pwm yog tias koj ncuav nws rau hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb rau ua cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov khoom.

Txhawm rau sib tov cov khoom sib tov sib npaug, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hlau tsis huv lossis cov cuab yeej ntoo. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog qhov ntim loj, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nrog qhov txuas tshwj xeeb yuav pab tau. Koj tuaj yeem nce lub zog nrog ntau yam tshuaj ntxiv uas tau hais los saum no. Tom qab cov khoom siv gypsum tau npaj tiav, nws raug nquahu kom ua kom nws nrog cov kua roj vanish kom tshem tawm qhov ntxeem tau.

Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ua pwm rau siv quav ciab, tooj liab lossis plexiglass, tsis muaj kev xaiv zoo dua li plaster. Koj tuaj yeem ua pwm rau koj tus kheej, nws yog txheej txheem sai thiab yooj yim … Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj xav tau lub thawv npaj lossis ntim rau hauv uas koj yuav tsum tau nchuav cov tshuaj kom nws npog tag nrho sab hauv nrog txheej nyias. Tom qab ua kom tawv tawv, lub ntsej muag raug kho nrog cov roj nplua nyeem, puv nrog kev daws teeb meem txog ib nrab thiab sab laug kom tawv. Ua li no, tsim ib sab qis, tom qab uas koj tuaj yeem kho qhov sab saud. Ntau yam khoom tuaj yeem ntxiv rau gypsum txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov khoom, uas yog ib qho laj thawj rau kev siv thoob plaws.