2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-09 13:23
Kev ua tiav nrog lub pob zeb ntuj tso cai rau koj los tsim cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj sab hauv. Undoubtedly, cov khoom siv muaj tus lej ntawm qhov zoo, ntawm cov uas muaj lub zog, lub zog, kev tiv thaiv ya raws, kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws. Ntawm qhov tsis zoo yog tus nqi siab, hnyav hnyav thiab nyuaj ntawm kev ua.
Peculiarities
Cov neeg nyob hauv Ancient Rome uas tseem ceeb kuj tau siv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm lub tsev nrog pob zeb. Vim tias tus nqi siab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm nws cov txheej txheem thiab kev teeb tsa, cov ntaub npog no tsuas yog muaj rau cov neeg muaj nyiaj, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg siab zoo. Sij hawm dhau los, kev nyiam pob zeb tau loj tuaj. Thiab txawm tias muaj kev tshwm sim ntawm ntau lwm yam (tsis kim thiab nyuaj rau nruab) cov khoom, pob zeb ntuj rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tseem xav tau.
Qhov no yog vim muaj cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab lawv qhov ntxim nyiam, saib taus. Zoo li ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los, ntuj pob zeb hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj qhia txog kev muaj nyiaj, xwm txheej ntawm tus tswv tsev lossis lwm thaj chaw.
Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, lub pob zeb muaj zog thiab ruaj khov tau xaiv uas tiv taus puas thiab puas ntsoog. Qhov nyiam tshaj yog cov pob zeb tiv taus dej uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob.
Vim yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv, nws tiv taus hluav taws (nws tsis tiv taus), nws tiv taus huab cua. Lawm, ua ntej siv, cov pob zeb tau ua tiav, cov duab hluav taws xob tom qab raug tshem tawm, thiab cov pob zeb raug txiav. Cov khoom tiav yuav tsum ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm GOST 9480-2012.
Saib
Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, ntau hom pob zeb ntuj tau siv:
Marble
Ntuj marble yog ua raws calcite, ntxiv nrog lwm cov zaub mov. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo thiab lub zog yam ntxwv ntawm marble nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv thiab ntim ntawm tom kawg.
Cov khoom siv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj, thiab nws cov nplaim yog grey, beige, dub, burgundy thiab ntau yam ntxoov. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv yog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov leeg leeg uas tsim cov qauv. Ua tsaug rau kev ua (polishing lossis sib tsoo), nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais ntau yam textures ntawm cov khoom.
Ntxiv rau qhov muaj zog thiab ua tau yam ntxwv ntawm feem ntau cov pob zeb ntuj, marble muaj kev tiv thaiv dej ntau ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau nws haum rau kev ua tiav chav dej thiab lwm qhov chaw uas muaj cov av noo siab.
Granite
Tej zaum qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub pob zeb ntuj. Vim nws cov dej noo thiab puas txhuam, granite muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Cov khoom siv zoo no muaj ob peb xim xim uas "ua si" thaum lub hnub lub hnub poob saum nplaim dej.
Ntawm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov nce hluav taws xob tom qab, ntxiv rau qhov hnyav hnyav. Cov yam ntxwv tom kawg yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog rau granite tsuas yog ntawm cov hauv paus ruaj khov thiab siv cov nplaum nrog cov nplaum ntxiv.
Travertine
Cov khoom siv no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tso tawm los ntawm cov pa dej carbon dioxide. Nws yog raws li calcium carbonate. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm travertine yog qhov tsis muaj hluav taws xob tom qab. Ib qho ntxiv, nws muaj zog thiab ruaj khov (nws tau siv thaum tsim kho Colosseum), tiv taus puas, tiv taus ya raws. Raws li nws cov yam ntxwv muaj zog, nws nyob qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm granite thiab limestone.
Lub palette tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim pob zeb yog dawb, grey, lub teeb ntxoov xim av.
Txhua qhov ntxoov yog sov, yog li ntawd, thaum ntsib nrog travertine, nws muaj peev xwm los tsim kom muaj tsev sov thiab xis nyob.
Travertine muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo - ntau xyoo, nws qhov ntsuas lub zog nce ntxiv, uas tseem pab txhawb rau cov khoom siv tau ntev.
Dolomite
Hais txog cov zaub mov ntawm chav kawm carbonate. Cov xim av, xim dawb lossis xim daj ntawm dolomite yog vim muaj av nplaum thiab hlau hydroxides hauv cov khoom. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm dolomite yog nws qhov ci ci, uas tuaj yeem muaj qib sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav-los ntawm matte rau niam-ntawm-pearl.
Dolomite kuj tsis muaj keeb kwm tawg, ntxiv rau, nws muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj. Nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, txo kev ntxhov siab, txo kev ntxhov siab thiab pw tsaug zog.
Cov txiaj ntsig muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv, nrog rau nws tiv taus kub siab, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv dolomite hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav so hauv chav da dej thiab saunas.
Pom pob zeb zoo li cov khoom siv pobzeb. Xws li cov pob zeb tau yooj yim los ua kua nplaum, lawv tsis xav tau qhov ua kom zoo ib yam zoo li cov nplais pob zeb.
Slate
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, slate yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Ntxiv rau qhov tsis muaj hluav taws xob thiab tsim qauv zoo nkauj, cov ntxhia muaj cov cua sov zoo thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua lub suab rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom.
Shale ntxoov yog grey, graphite, dub, ntsuab thiab burgundy. Nws saum npoo yog pom nrog cov leeg uas tsim cov qauv zoo sib xws. Nyob ntawm kev kho mob, qhov saum npoo tuaj yeem du lossis muaj qhov ntxhib ntxhib, txawm tias velvety. Slate muaj qhov tshwj xeeb - nws ib ntus tawm. Tom qab cov khoom tawm los, cov khoom siv ntawm qhov zoo ib yam thiab tib lub sijhawm ua kom ruaj khov dua.
Onyx
Ib hom pob zeb zoo nkauj ib nrab nrog lub teeb ci siab. Qhov no ua rau pom kev ci ntsa iab nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom thiab nws zoo nkauj tsos.
Cladding nrog cov tsiaj qus onyx tsis pheej yig, nws feem ntau yog siv ua ke nrog lwm cov pob zeb.
Cov khoom siv tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig, muaj peev xwm ua kom huab cua huv hauv chav. Ntawm lwm qhov zoo yog qhov pom kev thiab ntau yam kev xaiv ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm ntev, zoo li qub.
Yam ntxwv
Raws li tau hais dhau los, tig pob zeb yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom hnyav tshaj plaws rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Qhov no muab, ntawm ib sab tes, nws nce lub zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua rau cov txheej txheem teeb tsa nyuaj. Cov nplais yuav tsum tau txiav yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg tau thiab tiv taus qhov hnyav.
Ntuj pob zeb yog hluav taws tiv taus, feem ntau ntawm nws cov hom yog cov dej noo tiv taus. Lawv tsis nqus dej thiab tiv taus cov kua xeb (tshwj tsis yog travertine).
Lub pob zeb ntuj tso cai rau koj ua kom sov thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm chav. Tsis zoo li cov cua sov niaj hnub no, ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv ntuj tso cai rau koj tswj hwm huab cua zoo nyob hauv chav thaum txo cov cua sov poob hauv chav.
Pob zeb tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias qis (tsis yog txhua yam khoom tuaj yeem tiv taus lawv qhov kev hloov pauv sai), ultraviolet rays.
Ntsib nrog lub pob zeb zoo ib txwm saib zoo nkauj, muaj kuab heev, muaj kev hwm, thiab tso cai rau koj los tham txog cov xwm txheej ntawm sab hauv. Muab cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo, nws yog qhov tseeb uas tus nqi ntawm ntuj pob zeb tsis tuaj yeem qis.
Muaj ob qho tib si kim heev (granite, marble, basalt) thiab cov ntaub ntawv pheej yig dua, piv txwv li, pob zeb pob zeb, slate.
Yuav xaiv li cas?
Thaum xaiv qee hom pob zeb rau kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws lub hom phiaj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Yog li, polished granite zoo li zoo nkauj thaum kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa ntawm chav nyob, chav ua noj lossis chav noj mov. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem tso cov vuas zoo li no hauv pem teb hauv chav da dej lossis chav da dej - nws yog nplua heev, muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm kev raug mob. Rau cov laj thawj no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov vuas marble ntxeem tau .… Nws tsis tsuas yog muaj kev nyab xeeb, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm nqus tau thiab ua kom ya raws sai.
Los ntawm txoj kev, tus yam ntxwv kawg thiab muaj qhov hws nyob hauv nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav siv cov pob zeb ci hauv chav nrog cov av noo siab. Cov khoom siv yuav tshem tawm cov dej noo ntau dhau, yog li tsim kom muaj huab cua zoo hauv chav, thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, muab nws rov qab.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws los txog rau hauv pem teb hauv chav nyob lossis txoj kev hauv tsev, tom qab ntawd marble tsis yog qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog vim nws tsis kam ua haujlwm tsis kam. Ib qho ntxiv, nws yog tshuaj tsis ruaj khov, yog li thaum siv hauv chav ua haujlwm hauv chav ua noj (ua kom tiav lub kaus mom, lub mloog pob ntseg) yuav plam nws qhov ntxim nyiam.
Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom muaj lub tiaj tiaj tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, txhim kho, ua kab. Cov kev tshwm sim no tsis yog tsuas yog tsis ntxim nyiam los ntawm qhov pom kev zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub pob zeb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau them sai sai rau qhov loj thiab tsim ntawm cov khoom. Pob zeb loj saib tsis zoo thiab tsis yooj yim hauv chav tsev me. Raws li, txawm li cas los xij, thiab pob zeb me me hauv thaj chaw loj - lawv tsuas yog poob rau hauv nws.
Cov nplaum sib tov thiab kev daws teeb meem
Raws li cov nplaum rau cov pob zeb ntuj, cov cement mortars lossis cov nplais nplaum tau siv. Qhov tom kawg yog qhov zoo dua vim tias kev yooj yim ntawm kev npaj, kev ywj pheej, thiab tsis muaj cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov pob zeb.
Ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam ntawm cov nplais nplaum - Plitonit (Plitonit B + kua nplaum tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo), Ceresit (Ceresit CM17, Ceresit CM11, Ceresit CM117 haum rau pob zeb), Unix (Unix 2000 thiab Unix Granite). Rau cov pob zeb hnyav, cov kws tshaj lij qhia siv Quick-mix FX-900.
Txhawm rau kom txuag tau nyiaj, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob xaiv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam uas tsis paub, vim tias qhov kawg ntawm lub ntsej muag yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov kua nplaum.
Qee qhov kev tsim qauv yog thoob ntiaj teb, uas yog, lawv haum rau sab nraum zoov thiab siv sab hauv tsev. Lawv tiv taus te thiab huab cua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov yam ntxwv no tsis tseem ceeb rau cov nplaum rau sab hauv sab hauv, feem, tsis muaj ib qho ntsiab lus hauv kev them nyiaj ntau rau lawv.
Nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua los nrhiav cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv. Piv txwv li, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg paub zoo Litokol yog cov nplaum nplaum thoob ntiaj teb. Nws yuav muab kev kho kom zoo, tab sis nws muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua los yuav Plitonit - kev sib piv rau kev siv sab hauv.
Rau kev tso pob zeb ntawm lub teeb pom kev, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov marble, nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv tsuas yog kua nplaum dawb ("Plitonit S Marble", Litokol Litoplus K55, Ceresit CM 115). Kev siv cov kua nplaum tsaus los yog cov cement tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab thiab kab txaij ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov khoom.
Cov nplaum los yog cov cement slurry sib txawv hauv cov dej noo. Txhua hom pob zeb yuav tsum muaj cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb. Yog li, tsis muaj qhov ntxeem tau pob zeb (granite) nqus dej noo tsawg kawg ntawm txhua qhov, yog li txhua hom kua nplaum thiab xis mas mortars haum rau kho lawv.
Cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab -ntxeem tau - granite, xuab zeb - yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev nqus tau ntau dua, yog li cov kua nplaum rau lawv yuav tsum muaj dej tsawg dua hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog cov pob zeb ntxeem tau (marble, granite dawb) uas nquag nqus dej. Nws yog qhov tseeb uas hauv cov nplaum, nws yuav tsum tau hloov nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
Cladding tshuab
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej kev txhim kho pob zeb yuav tsum pib nrog kev npaj phab ntsa. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom ua tiav nws txoj kev du thiab sib luag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis sib xws me me vim qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov ua tiav yuav tsis pom.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog txheej txheej nrog 2-3 txheej ntawm tob tob nkag mus ua ntej. Nws yuav ua raws li tshuaj tua kab mob thiab ua kom cov nplaum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Tom qab ntawd, 2-3 txheej txheej ntawm plaster tau thov, tom qab uas tau txuas cov mesh, thiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws lwm 1-2 txheej ntawm plaster. Cov thev naus laus zis no tso cai rau koj ntxiv dag zog rau phab ntsa. Kev tso pob zeb hauv chav nrog cov av noo siab xav tau kev koom tes ntawm cov txheej txheem dej tsis huv.
Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias koj ua ntej tso cov pob zeb ua tiav rau hauv pem teb, ua tiav qhov kev pom zoo ua ke ntawm cov qauv, ntxoov, thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom. Tom qab ntawd, tus tom kawg yog suav nyob rau sab nraub qaum.
Lub pob zeb tau tsau siv ib txoj hauv kev: kawg-rau-kawg lossis nrog kev khaws cia ntawm cov nqaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Cov kua nplaum yog siv rau sab nraub qaum ntawm pob zeb nrog spatula lossis zuag. Tom qab ntawd, lub pob zeb raug nias tawm tsam saum npoo kom raug txiav thiab nqes me ntsis. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tos ob peb feeb rau qhov pib teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom. Koj tuaj yeem muab pob zeb tso rau ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab, tab sis nws zoo dua los siv cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov nplaum haum rau xaiv hom ntxhia . Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nyeem cov lus piav qhia thiab cov lus qhia rau kev sib xyaw thiab ua raws lawv nruj me ntsis thaum diluting cov nplaum sib xyaw.
Yog tias siv cov pob zeb hnyav ntawm qhov loj me, tom qab ntawd lawv tau txuas nrog cov hlau ntxaij txuas rau ntawm phab ntsa. Lub ntsiab lus txuas yog nqa tawm siv cov thauj tog rau nkoj. Rau cov khawm nrawm, qhov ntawm qhov taub uas tsim nyog tau ua hauv cov pob zeb. Qhov sib txawv tsim nruab nrab ntawm ob sab hauv thiab lub mesh yog nchuav nrog cov tshuaj, vim tias lub zog thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev kho yog ua tiav. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no yog tias nws tso cai rau koj kom zais qhov tsis xws me me ntawm cov phab ntsa.
Kev teeb tsa yog ua los ntawm qab mus rau saum , cov kab tau tso nrog me me offset (zoo li nrog kev ua cib) kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias txheej txheem txheej txheem nrog kev xaiv tau xaiv, tom qab ntawd cov nplais ntoo khaub lig tau teeb tsa nruab nrab ntawm cov ntsiab lus . los yog daim kab xev ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov nqaws ntawm tib qhov dav.
Tom qab cov nplaum tau qhuav, koj tuaj yeem pib grouting. Qhov tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom tiav cov nqaws, cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum zoo li nce saum cov nqaws.
Nws tsis yooj yim los txiav cov pob zeb ntuj hauv tsev, yog li koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov teeb tsa ntawm cov ntsiab lus ua ntej txhawm rau zam lossis txo qis qhov xav tau los txiav cov khoom. Lub tshuab txiav nplais lossis cov cuab yeej siv tshwj xeeb yog siv rau kev txiav.
Kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov neeg tsim qauv ceeb toom tias thaum ua tiav nrog pob zeb, chav yuav pom kev me dua. Kho qhov pom kev ntawm lub pob zeb yuav ua rau koj zam qhov no. Hauv cov chav me, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tso tag nrho cov phab ntsa ntawm phab ntsa nrog pob zeb, thiab siv nws los hais txog thaj chaw ntawm ib tus neeg, hloov nrog lub teeb ci.
Cov nyhuv zoo nkauj tiav nrog kev xaiv raug ntawm qhov loj thiab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm pob zeb. Rau chav loj dua, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv lub pob zeb loj dua. Hauv cov chav nyob dav, granite lossis marble tiav zoo li ntxim nyiam thiab hwm.
Cov pob zeb ntuj tuaj yeem saib txias, yog li nws zoo dua los ua ke nrog cov ntawv sov dua - ntoo, plaster, ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, ntaub plaub. Hauv qhov ua piv txwv no, lub qhov cub taws ntsib lub pob zeb dawb ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog ntoo ua vaj huam sib luag ntawm phab ntsa.
Lub ntsej muag sov sov ntawm txiv kab ntxwv, liab, daj, ntsuab tso cai rau koj "dilute" qhov hnyav dhau los uas tsim los ntawm lub teeb pob zeb xim.
Cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tso nrog cov nqaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus tso cai hais txog kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub pob zeb, thaum cov nqaws tau muab qhov sib txawv ntxoov ntxoo. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog siv pob zeb ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv.
Qhov kev xaiv ua kom zoo nkauj yuav yog lub qab nthab pob zeb. Yog li nws yuav muaj peev xwm rov tsim huab cua ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nplij siab. Ua tiav qhov kev tsim qauv no ntawm lub qab nthab hauv chav nthab lossis hauv chav ua noj, piv txwv li, thiab ntxiv nws nrog cov rooj tog tsim nyog thiab txawm tias daim duab thaij duab, koj tuaj yeem tig nws mus rau hauv Alpine chalet.
Lub tswv yim yog yuam kev tias lub pob zeb zoo li sib haum xeeb tsuas yog hauv cov classic thiab "rustic" sab hauv. Tau xaiv cov khoom raug, nws tuaj yeem "haum" txawm tias niaj hnub loft thiab cov thev naus laus zis zoo. Hauv qhov piv txwv no, txhob txwm ua kom tawv daj thiab txho zeb ua ke nrog cov pob zeb granite dab dej, cov rooj tog zaum niaj hnub thiab iav nto.
Cov neeg tsim qauv nthuav kev xaiv rau siv pob zeb ntuj sab hauv.
Ntsib nrog pob zeb ib ntawm phab ntsa ntawm chav tsev ua ke nrog cov ntawv ntsa ntawm tib xim lossis xim sib txawv. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog chav nyob, tom qab ntawv pob zeb tuaj yeem dhau los ua "keeb kwm yav dhau" rau lub qhov cub lossis TV
Kho kom zoo nkauj arches, cov ces kaum thiab ib feem ntawm cov phab ntsa nrog pob zeb zoo nkaus li tsis yog qhov qub thiab muaj kuab heev, tab sis kuj tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv thaj chaw muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws ntawm chav los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, ntxiv rau txo tus nqi ntawm kev yuav pob zeb, vim tias lawv tsis xav tau ntau dua.. Koj tuaj yeem ua ke cov pob zeb zoo nkauj nrog cov ntawv ntsa lossis plaster
Sau cov niches lossis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua tiav nrog lub pob zeb ntawm qhov nthuav tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Txoj hauv kev no, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov phau ntawv lossis thaj chaw nrog TV. Kev siv cov tsom teeb pom kev zoo yuav pab ua kom muaj huab cua hauv chav thiab hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxhib los mos
Ib nrab pob zeb phab ntsa cladding zam kev muaj zog thiab ntau. Nrog rau qhov kev tsim no, cov phab ntsa saib yooj yim thiab zoo nkauj
Kev siv pob zeb los kho qhov muab faib ua txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev zoning, coj kev sov siab thiab xis nyob rau hauv chav dav (thiab yog li txias). Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog qhov muab faib yuav tsum muaj lub peev xwm txaus kom tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb
Pom zoo:
Ua Kom Tiav Lub Ntsej Muag Ntawm Lub Tsev Ntiag Tug (117 Duab): Cov Tswv Yim-2021 Thiab Piv Txwv Ntawm Sab Nrauv Sab Nrauv, Ib Txoj Hauv Kev Los Kho Cov Phab Ntsa Sab Nrauv Nrog Cov Pob Zeb Ntuj Thiab Ntau Yam Ntawm Cov Cladding
Kev ua tiav lub ntsej muag ntawm lub tsev ntiag tug tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm nws tus kheej. Kuv tuaj yeem nrhiav tswv yim thiab piv txwv ntawm sab nraum zoov sab nrauv? Yuav xaiv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej li cas? Qhov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj yog dab tsi?
Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Lub Koov Nrog Cov Pob Zeb Zoo Nkauj (51 Duab): Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Hauv Txoj Kev Hauv Chav Tsev, Yuav Ua Li Cas Kho Qhov Qhib Sab Hauv Nrog Cov Hniav Cib Nrog Koj Tus Kheej Txhais Tes, Yuav Ua Li Cas Muab Tshuaj Txhuam Nrog Cov Vuas Zoo Nkauj, Piv Txwv Hauv
Kho kom zoo nkauj koov nrog cov pob zeb zoo nkauj yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem thaum kho qhov chaw tshiab. Yuav pib qhov txheej txheem kho kom zoo nkauj nyob qhov twg? Yuav tu tus koov li cas? Yam kev daws teeb meem dab tsi yuav txhim kho tus qauv ntawm txoj kev hauv chav tsev?
Pob Zeb Vaj Huam Sib Luag (27 Daim Duab): Kev Siv Cov Phab Ntsa Dai Kom Zoo Nkauj Nrog Cov Qauv Ntawm Pob Zeb Rau Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Phab Ntsa Sab Hauv Thiab Kho Tsev
Pob zeb vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem yog kev daws teeb meem zoo txhawm rau muab sab hauv tag nrho qee yam "zest". Puas yog cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav nrov? Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov tsim nyog? Dab tsi ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag muaj?
Kev Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Sab Nrauv Ntawm Lub Tsev Thav Duab (48 Duab): Zoo Dua Kom Zoo Nkauj Ua Kom Zoo Nkauj Phab Ntsa Sab Nrauv Los Ntawm Sab Nrauv, Yuav Ua Li Cas Thiaj Ua Tiav Cov Npoo Nrog Plasterboard Thiab Siding, Xaiv Rau Sab Nrauv Cladding Ntawm Lub Ntsej Muag
Kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho lub tsev thav duab. Yam khoom ntawm lub ntsej muag cladding muaj dab tsi? Dab tsi yog qhov xav tau rau cov ntaub ntawv? Dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom zoo nkauj sheath lub ntsej muag phab ntsa los ntawm sab nraud? Dab tsi yuav tsum txiav txim siab thaum xaiv cov khoom?
Pob Zeb Ua Pob Zeb: Cov Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Kev Tsim Cov Pob Zeb Ua Ke Hauv Russia, Txoj Hauv Kev Siv Cov Pob Zeb Ua Pob Zeb Rau Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Sab Hauv Ntawm Lub Tsev, Qhov Zoo Thiab Qhov Tsis Zoo Ntawm Cov Ntaub Npuag
Cov pob zeb ua pob zeb yog cov khoom siv nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo, nws cov yam ntxwv ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm. Hauv tebchaws Russia, kev tsim cov pob zeb ua kiav txhab tsuas yog nce zuj zus, tab sis raws li nws lub peev xwm siab, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev thov tsuas yog nce ntxiv
