Attic Pem Teb: Piv Txwv Ntawm Kev Suav Hluav Taws Xob Kev Suav Hluav Taws Xob, Rwb Thaiv Tsev Cua Sov Ntawm Lub Sam Thiaj Ntoo Thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Dej

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 05:41

Lub nthab yog qhov tsaus ntuj lossis ib nrab tsaus qhov chaw uas ua haujlwm khaws cov khoom tsis tsim nyog thiab tau tuaj xyuas qee zaum xwb. Tab sis yog li ntawd ib feem ntawm lub tsev tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis yooj yim, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov nthab hauv tsev kom ntseeg tau ntau li ntau tau - lawv yuav tsum yog ob lub tshuab muaj zog thiab lav kom sov.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Kev lig kev cai, lub nthab raug suav hais tias yog thaj chaw thev naus laus zis uas ua tiav cov qauv, vim tsuas yog lub ru tsev thiab lub ru tsev, uas yog cov txheej txheem sab nrauv, nyob saum nws. Hauv ib feem ntawm lub tsev no, nws tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob hauv tsev, vim nws feem ntau yog siv rau kev txhawb nqa lub neej thiab kev tsim kho hauv zej zog. Tab sis txij li qhov ntsuas kub hauv thaj chaw nyob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev tsis tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm ntau dua 4 degrees, kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw no yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Peculiarities

Lub nthab, tso cai rau koj nthuav dav qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub nthab, tseem tab tom tsim rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab kim. Kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau siv dag zog ntau ntxiv, ntxiv rau, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo paub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab nws raug nquahu kom kawm tsawg kawg ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov kev npaj no. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua rau insulate lub tsev sab saud - qhov no tseem yuav txuag nyiaj.

Kev sib tshooj hla kab ntoo yog feem ntau ua tiav hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub ncuav, uas suav nrog:

• yob los yog boardwalk;
• ib txheej uas nres kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov pa;
• qhov cua qhov sib txawv;
• khoom rwb thaiv tsev;
• ntxiv vapor barrier;
• hauv pem teb, thiab qee zaum hauv pem teb yog tias nthab feem ntau tuaj xyuas.

Txawm tias nyob hauv chav txias, lub dormer yog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no tuaj yeem muaj daim duab peb sab lossis ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oval. Feem ntau lawv tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov siab li ntawm ib 'meter' ntawm hauv pem teb, nruab nrog cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab qhov muag tsis pom. Kev teeb tsa lub qab nthab uas them rau cov cua sov poob los ntawm lub qhov rai no yuav tsum ua tiav tsuas yog tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov qauv txhawb nqa tau ua tiav.

Kev xaiv hauv pem teb

Feem ntau, hauv qab nthab hauv tsev yog ua los ntawm kab ntoo.

Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kev xaiv no yog:

• Txwv kev sib tshooj ntev. Qhov ncua ntawm ib qho kev txhawb nqa mus rau lwm qhov yuav tsum yog qhov siab tshaj ntawm 450 cm.
• Lub teeb ntawm kev tsim kho, uas ua kom ntseeg tau yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm phab ntsa thiab, raws li, ntawm lub hauv paus.
• Kev teeb tsa yooj yim.

• Qhov muaj ntawm cov qauv ntoo piv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv.
• Kev kub ceev ntawm kev npaj, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav txhua txoj haujlwm hauv ib hnub, txawm tias tsis siv lub tshuab nqa.
• Kev sib haum nrog txhua lub suab rwb thaiv tsev xaiv.

Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau suav tam sim pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntu nqaj, uas yuav tsum sib haum rau lub nra ntawm nws, thiab nws kuj tseem tsim nyog suav nrog huab cua thiab cov yam ntxwv cua sov ntawm chav.

Cov ntaub ntawv (kho kom raug)

Tsis hais txog kev tsim qauv xaiv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ntoo coniferous rau chav loj, uas tiv taus cov av noo ntau, kab mob thiab rotting. Kev tiv thaiv cua sov txaus yog muab los ntawm kab teeb nrog qhov ntev ntawm 15x20 cm, tab sis nyias nyias (5x10 cm) yog qhov ua tsis tiav. Hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov yob, txheej txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv dej, thaiv cov pa thiab rwb thaiv tsev tau muab tso rau. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los txuas tsis tau cov laug cam rau kev txhawb nqa, tab sis plywood nrog tuab ntawm 1.5-2 cm.

Txhawm rau ruaj ntseg hauv pem teb qis, cov ntoo ntoo 5x5 cm yog cov khoom , qhov protrusion los ntawm qhov uas tso cai rau koj tso cov laug cam lossis nplooj ntawv. Cov yob tau txuas nrog cov tuav nrog tus kheej tapping screws. Rau qhov rwb thaiv tsev kub heev hauv lub tsev cib, ntau yam khoom siv tau. Thaum cov nqaj tau ntxig rau hauv phab ntsa, nws tau nchuav nrog cov cement mortar (yog tias cov tuab ntawm cov masonry yog ob lub cib) lossis sab laug tsis pub dawb yog tias phab ntsa muaj kab nrog 2, 5 cib.

Cov tsev ntiag tug feem ntau yog nruab nrog kab teeb ntoo. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, ntxiv rau, nws muaj tus nqi ywj pheej. Txawm li cas los xij, lub nthab nrog kab teeb ntoo tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog thaum qhov dav thiab ntev ntawm lub tsev tsis pub ntau tshaj 10 meters, vim tias cov ntoo ntev dua tsis tau tsim nyob txhua qhov chaw.

Cov nqaj hlau (I-beam) muaj zog dua li cov qauv ntoo - nws tuaj yeem tiv lub nra hnyav yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Qhov tig ntawm qhov zoo li no yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv, uas tsis tso cai rau nws siv hauv tsev ntoo. Cov nqaj hlau ua kom muaj zog, tau txais los ntawm cov pob zeb txhawb nqa, uas tau ua tib zoo ua pwm, tsuas yog siv tau hauv cov tsev tsev.

Yuav ua li cas insulate?

Lub tsev qhob aerated tau sov heev - raws li qib kev tiv thaiv te, nws yog peb zaug siab dua cov qauv ua los ntawm hollow ceramic cib ntawm qhov sib piv tuab. Hauv qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom siv txheej ntxiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv dej, txij li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov dej noo nkag mus thiab ua rau cov khoom puas los ntawm nws yog siab heev. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov tsev aerated qhob tsuas yog tom qab 2-3 lub hlis txij li hnub tsim kho.

Feem ntau, lawv cov cua sov zoo tau txhim kho siv:

• Styrofoam;
• extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj;
• ntxhia ntaub;
• compacted mixtures rau plastering.

Nthuav av nplaum, vermiculite, perlite, iav ntaub plaub, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj thiab peat slabs kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qab nthab. Tab sis yam khoom twg yog xaiv, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis.

Ib theem zuj zus ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev suav cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau ua tiav. Txawm hais tias nws tshwm sim li cas, nws yuav tsum tsim cov insulating txheej nrog tuab ntawm 0.3 m. Hauv cov xwm txheej twg, vim li cas, nws yuav me dua, koj yuav tsum tau tiv nrog kev tiv thaiv tshav kub tsis txaus. Qee qhov ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev tau muab tso rau hauv qhov khoob ntawm kab teeb, thiab kwv yees li 1/3 ntawm nws tau muab tso rau saum - txoj hauv kev no pab kom zam qhov pom ntawm cov khaub thuas txias, uas txawm tias kab teeb lawv tus kheej tig los ua.

Piv txwv tias qee hom kev siv paj rwb ntaub plaub yog xaiv . Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam no tsis txhob cuam tshuam nws qhov tsis zoo: raug tshem tawm zoo ntawm kev sib chwv nrog daim tawv nqaij thiab cov hnoos qeev, suav nrog thaum nqus tau, ua rau khaus. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov pob zeb tso rau saum cov ntoo hauv pem teb, uas tau muab tso rau hauv ob txheej hauv daim ntawv txheeb.

Cov pob zeb hauv av yuav tsum tau txiav nrog txiab lossis riam, qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov npoo yuav tsum nruj kom tsis txhob tshav kub. Koj yuav tsum tau hnav khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb ua ntej: lub tshuab ua pa, hnab looj tes thiab tsom iav. Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab nthab yuav tsum tau yog tias lub rafter system tsis tiv thaiv los ntawm cov dej nkag mus. Tab sis txawm hais tias nws raug tiv thaiv, qhov kev ntsuas no tsis zoo li yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig.

Txhim kho cov rwb thaiv tsev

Kev teeb tsa txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov kab ntoo ua los ntawm cov ntaub plaub ntxhia pib nrog kev teeb tsa cov pa thaiv. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tau muab tso raws li thev naus laus zis, ua tiav qhov sib tshooj ntawm 10 cm. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntawv ci rau ntawm phab ntsa xav tau cov khoom kom tsa los ntawm tsawg kawg 5 cm, thiab cov tuab ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av kuj tseem raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.

Hauv theem ob, qhov tig los rau cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev nws tus kheej. Nws tau txiav nrog riam tsim, ua tib zoo xyuas kom cov paj rwb tsis nyem thiab tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, txij li ob qho ntawm cov xwm txheej no yuav ua rau nws tsis zoo. Cov paj rwb yuav tsum tsis txhob nqa siab dua kab teeb. Yog tias koj yuav tsum tsim txheej tuab heev, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tau tsim nrog cov slats ntxiv lossis ib qho bar. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev, ib txheej txheej ntawm cov pa thaiv tau muab tso rau, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd ua tiav qhov ntxhib.

Rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb

Coob leej neeg, txhawm rau txhawm rau nce qhov chaw nyob hauv tsev, ua rau nthab nyob hauv pem teb thib ob. Hauv qhov no, rwb thaiv tsev ntawm nws hauv pem teb muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.

Cov theem ntawm txheej hauv ib lub tsev ntoo yog raws li hauv qab no:

• qab nthab ntawm thawj pem teb;
• ntawv siv;
• load-bearing beams ua los ntawm cov ntoo zoo;
• wool wool, nws tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlwb tsim los ntawm kab teeb lawv tus kheej;
• lwm txheej ntawv;
• pem teb npog.

Nws yog categorically tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm cov npe no lossis ua txhaum qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom hauv nws, vim qhov no yuav cuam tshuam loj heev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tshav kub thiab dej nkag mus. Ob peb txheej ntawm plywood tau ntxiv rau qhov rwb thaiv tsev hauv "ncuav qab zib" - nws pab txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawm suab nrov. Thiab yog tias, tsis txhob siv cov ntxhia ntxhia, nthuav av nplaum siv, tom qab ntawd cov qhob qhob cij tau muab tso rau nws hauv txoj kev qhuav.

Hauv pem teb yuav tsum tau insulated los ntawm kev tso cov khoom hauv lub cell tsim los ntawm rafter system. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau saib xyuas kev hloov pauv cov ntaub plaub yooj yim rau hauv slabs uas yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua rau nruab. Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm nias lub pob zeb ncaj qha rau hauv cov cell, nws cov tuab yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 20 cm. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog tso cov pob zeb hauv qab rafters thiab qhov khoob ntawm lawv; yog tias tsim nyog, ntu ntu ntu tau ua.

Cov khoom siv vaj huam sib luag tsuas yog nyob hauv qab rafters lawv tus kheej yuav xav tau kev tsim cov lathing ntxiv, nqus ib feem ntawm lub nthab ntim. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim siab raug tso cai tsuas yog hauv qhov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj lwm txoj kev ntsuas pab tau txhua. Yog tias lub qab nthab ntawm ob lub tsev nyob hauv qab nthab, thiab tsis nyob hauv qab lub ru tsev nws tus kheej, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nce kev tiv thaiv cua sov ntawm qab nthab ob qho tib si los ntawm hauv qab thiab los ntawm saum toj no.

Txhawm rau rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb thib ob kom muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm tsis yog ntawm nws nkaus xwb. Txawm tias phab ntsa yuav tsum tau npaj: kaw qhov tawg nrog rub, tsau lawv nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsuas yog nyob rau qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem lav tau tias nrog txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauv ib puag ncig sab nraud, nws yuav sov nyob hauv txhua qhov ntawm lub tsev.

Tom qab ntawd koj yuav xav tau:

• txhim kho kab rov tav slats rau lub qhov cua;
• nruab ib daim nyias nyias uas nce kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv chav;
• teeb tsa cov ntawv ntsug, uas tom qab ntawd yuav tso cai rau daim phiaj kho;
• muab cov rwb thaiv tsev tso rau hauv qhov khoob ntawm cov racks ua los ntawm cov ntoo lossis txhuas profile;
• txhim kho txheej txheej thib ob vapor barrier;
• ua tiav saum npoo nrog clapboard, cov ntawv plasterboard, chipboard lossis lwm yam txheej.

Tswv yim & Tricks

Nws muaj peev xwm nce kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib sab ntawm lub tsev los ntawm kev poob cua sov tsis yog vim cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Ib qho tseem ceeb heev yog kev teeb tsa qhov cua zoo. Tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm qhov rau nws yuav tsum sib npaug li 0.5% ntawm tag nrho cov ntu sib tshooj. Nws raug nquahu kom muab qhov nyiam rau cov rwb thaiv tsev uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus - qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov tsev ntoo.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tsis lees paub los ntawm polystyrene thiab nthuav polystyrene zoo rau nws, vim nws yooj yim taws, nyiam mloog cov nas thiab kab, thiab txheej ua npuas dej tsis tuaj yeem sib cais tau.

Tias yog vim li cas txawm tias qhov ua tau zoo tiv thaiv tshav kub zoo ntawm cov khoom no tsis tso cai rau peb los txiav txim siab nws yog qhov kev daws teeb meem.

Ib qho ntxiv, koj yuav tsum xav txog:

• yuav tsum muaj cov ntaiv los pab txhawb kev nkag mus rau ntau qhov chaw, lawv tau tsim los ntawm cov laug cam;
• tag nrho cov ntoo uas cov khoom tiv thaiv yuav tiv tauj tau yuav tsum tau muab cov tshuaj tua kab nrog cov tshuaj tua kab thiab cov dej sib tov;
• siv cov ntawv ci rwb thaiv tsev, nws yuav tsum tau pw nrog sab ci ci.