Chav Hnav Khaub Ncaws (47 Duab): Nws Yog Dab Tsi, Yuav Tiv Thaiv Sab Hauv Nrog Koj Txhais Tes Li Cas, Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Sab Hauv, Rwb Thaiv Tsev Hauv Pem Teb Thiab Cua Sov Los Ntaw

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Chav hnav khaub ncaws ua chav sib txuas ntawm txoj kev thiab thaj chaw rau txheej txheem da dej, txawm tias nws yog chav da dej, chav ntxhua khaub ncaws, lossis pas dej da. Yuav ua li cas kom tiv thaiv nws los ntawm sab hauv, nrog rau ua kom tiav, yuav tham txog hauv kab lus no.

Nws yog dab tsi?

Lub luag haujlwm uas chav hnav khaub ncaws ua tau zoo li hauv qab no:

• tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias kom zoo, tiv thaiv los ntawm ob qho kev cuam tshuam sab nraum zoov thiab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm huab cua kub lossis noo hauv tsev (ib yam ntawm lub qhov rooj);
• muab kev so tom qab cov txheej txheem da dej thiab ua ntej lawv, tsim kom muaj microclimate zoo (thaj chaw ua si);
• tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev hloov khaub ncaws, khaws cia hauv qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj;
• muab txoj hauv kev rau kev lom zem ua ke (thaj chaw so yuav suav nrog thaj chaw tshaj xov xwm - chaw hu nkauj, TV, thiab lwm yam);

• muab cov xwm txheej rau kev siv cov dej qab zib thiab khoom noj, khaws cov tais diav (chav ua noj hauv tsev);
• tsim kom muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws zoo thiab xis nyob (tsim kev nyiam thiab kho kom zoo nkauj);
• muab lub thawv hluav taws rau da dej, tejzaum nws khaws cov ntoo me lossis lwm yam roj (thaj tsam ntawm lub cub tawg rauv taws);
• khaws cov khoom siv ntxiv (racks, txee).

Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau insulate chav hnav khaub ncaws nrog koj txhais tes.

Lub qhov rooj hlau tuaj yeem ua rau chav sov dua.

Cov ntaub ntawv tiav

Chav hnav khaub ncaws tsis yuam kom muaj qhov xav tau nce ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav, xws li chav chav lossis chav ntxhua khaub ncaws. Qhov xav tau tseem ceeb yog kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab kev nplij siab ntawm cov khoom siv.

Yog tias chav da dej tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo lossis cov cav, feem ntau nws sab hauv tsis xav tau kho dua tshiab . Ntoo yog qhov qub, zoo nkauj, zoo nkauj, ib puag ncig zoo.

Yog tias chav da dej tsis tau ua los ntawm ntoo, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom tiav uas tsim nyog rau tus nqi, tsos, style, zoo.

Ntsa Iab

Rau kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa yog siv:

• PVC vaj huam sib luag;
• xim raws roj hmab;
• sheathing board (hauv ob sab phlu) thiab nws cov ntau yam.

PVC vaj huam sib luag

Qhov Zoo:

• tus nqi qis;
• ntau yam xim vaj huam sib luag;
• yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa.

Qhov tsis xws luag:

• tsis kub tsis kam, tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm phab ntsa thiab qhov chaw uas muaj qhov kub siab;
• unnaturalness;
• monotony, "stereotyped", ua tau zoo ntawm "pheej yig".

Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los teeb tsa cov vaj huam sib luag no . Lawv tau teeb tsa ntawm phab ntsa tiaj tus yam tsis muaj tus ncej. Muaj ntau yam kev sib txuas rau kev tsim cov pob qij txha thiab cov ces kaum. Qhov haum yog yooj yim nrog rab riam.

Qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws yog thaum ua kom sov, cov yas poob nws lub zog thiab deforms, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tso cov tshuaj lom. Yog li, PVC vaj huam sib luag tsis siv rau ntawm phab ntsa uas nyob ib sab rau thaj tsam kub.

Roj hmab xim

Qhov Zoo:

• lub zog, cov nplaim nplaum txheej;
• tsis kam mus rau qib siab ntawm cov av noo;
• pleev xim rau ntawm ib qho chaw - ua vaj tse, plaster, ntoo;
• zoo adhesion rau xim pleev xim rau;
• tiv taus kub heev;
• daim ntawv thov yooj yim nrog cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim;
• ziab sai;
• ntau yam xim;
• tus nqi pheej yig;
• kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb.

Qhov tsis xws luag:

• cov cai rau kev thov pleev xim yuav tsum ua raws;
• npaj cov nplaim los ntxuav ua ntej pleev xim.

Yog tias hom kev ua tiav no, xws li pleev xim, zoo ib yam nrog cov qauv tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv, tom qab ntawd cov xim roj hmab zoo meej. Nws ruaj, tsis hnav, tsis tawg, tsis muaj tshuaj lom.

Xim muab kev nthuav dav rau kev muaj tswv yim, vim tias koj tuaj yeem kos dab tsi . Coob leej neeg (tsis yog cov kws pleev xim) nyiam pleev xim, yog li yog tias koj ua kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem muaj kev txaus siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiav thiab hloov mus rau lwm hom haujlwm.

Hauv ob sab phlu

Qhov Zoo:

• ua raws li cov cai niaj hnub ua phooj ywg zoo;
• kev zoo nkauj, naturalness, puas siab puas ntsws;
• kav ntev nrog kev ua kom raug;
• lub zog, tiv taus qhov hloov pauv kub hauv qee qhov txwv;
• thermal conductivity tsawg, suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo.

Qhov tsis xws luag:

• feem ntau, tsis kam (nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo) rau qee yam kev puas tsuaj - rot, puas los ntawm kab, pwm, fungi;
• tus nqi tseem ceeb thaum siv rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo;
• muaj peev xwm tsis txaus ntawm qee yam ntau yam thiab hom kab hauv ob sab phlu.

Kab yog txheej txheem txheej txheem txheej txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb nrog cov zawj thiab zawj nrog tuab ntawm 11-22 hli. Nyob ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, muaj qib A, B, C.

Txhawm rau ua kom tiav chav hnav khaub ncaws, cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov tuab yog los ntawm 14 txog 16 hli. Kev teeb tsa hauv chav nrog cov av noo siab yog nqa tawm ntawm lub crate nrog cov kauj ruam ntawm 60-100 cm.

Hauv ob sab phlu yog ntau hom

• Euro txheej - ib hom kab uas sib xws, sib haum rau European tus qauv DIN 68126/86, nrog cov kab rov tav nyob tom qab.
• Thaiv tsev - lub rooj tsavxwm nrog cov lus sib dhos ua ntej. Qhov dav ntawm cov laug cam yog 90-260 cm, tuab yog 13-50 mm. Ua raws phab ntsa cav, ntxiv cov nyhuv zoo nkauj ntxiv. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev koom nrog hauv cov ces kaum, xav tau rau tus kheej haum ntawm cov pob qij txha.
• " Neeg Asmeskas "- cov laug cam nrog cov tuab tuab sib txawv ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov zawj thiab tus nplaig, thaum teeb tsa tsim qhov cuam tshuam sib tshooj, yog siv rau sab nrauv.

Cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa yog ntoo . Ntoo yog ntuj, tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig microclimate, muaj ob qho zoo nkauj thiab cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo.

Hauv pem teb

Hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum yog:

• sov;
• hnav-tiv taus;
• tiv taus ya raws;
• du thiab tsis nplua;
• tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig;
• zoo nkauj

Cov cua sov hauv qab yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev noj qab haus huv, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kub taub hau tom qab da dej. Tsis tas li, hauv pem teb sov ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau taw, pab txhawb kev nplij siab thiab xis nyob.

Chav hnav khaub ncaws yog chav taug kev uas sib txuas lus ob qho tib si nrog txoj kev thiab nrog chav da dej thiab da dej, yog li ntawd, kev nyob ruaj khov thiab tiv taus ya raws ntawm hauv av yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Vim muaj kev nyab xeeb, hauv pem teb yuav tsum tsis txhob ntog , txij li thaum lawv nqis rau nws nrog txhais taw liab qab, thiab rau tib qhov laj thawj, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws nto - tawg, tawg, tawg pob txha, thiab lwm yam.

Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kom ntseeg tau tias nyob nyab xeeb, hauv pem teb tau xaiv los ntawm cov khoom zoo ib puag ncig thiab zoo nkauj.

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav hauv pem teb:

• ntoo;
• tej nplais

Cov chav da dej hauv Lavxias suav nrog kev siv ntoo, tab sis cov nplais muaj nws qhov zoo. Tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws xws li laminate, linoleum, thiab lwm yam tsis pom zoo.

Ntoo pem teb

Qhov Zoo:

• naturalness, ib puag ncig phooj ywg;
• thermal conductivity tsawg, nyiam kov;
• kev zoo nkauj

Qhov tsis xws luag:

• raug rau kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo thiab tsis ua raws cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev ua ntej thiab tso;
• qhov tseeb rau qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov laug cam, qhov zoo ntawm ntoo thiab nws ua (cia, kom qhuav).

Oak lossis larch nyiam dua li cov khoom siv hauv tsev hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws. Cov ntoo no tuaj yeem tiv taus puas thiab puas. Cov ntoo yuav tsum yog thawj qib lossis qib ob, tsis muaj kab mob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cab, nrog cov dej noo tsis ntau tshaj 10%. Cov lags rau cov laug cam yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv no. Cov ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov ua yuam kev loj uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob thiab tsis xis nyob.

Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, cov laug cam tau xuab zeb thiab kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob , tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntoo, tom qab uas tsis muaj qhov xeb. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, cov plag tsev yog xuab zeb.

Cov nplais pobzeb

Qhov Zoo:

• naturalness, ib puag ncig phooj ywg, tsis tso cov tshuaj phem, suav nrog thaum ua kom sov;
• siab tiv taus ya raws;
• hluav taws tsis kam;
• puas kuj;
• kev nyiam huv;
• txheeb ze yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa;
• xaiv ntau yam paj thiab qauv, kev zoo nkauj;
• muaj peev xwm los tsim cov qauv.

Qhov tsis xws luag:

• kuj muaj cov thermal conductivity piv rau ntoo;
• tsis muaj zog, tsis ruaj khov kom poob siab ntau dua ib qho kev quab yuam, nws nyuaj heev rau sheath chav nrog cov khoom siv no;
• tsis muaj elasticity, tsis kam ua rau deflection thiab deformation, lub hauv paus nruj yog xav tau rau kev tso.

Cov vuas luaj ceramic yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau cov ntoo hauv av, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua ke nrog cov cua sov.

Rau hauv pem teb, xaiv cov pob zeb A1 lossis B1 ruaj khov uas yog cov dej noo tiv taus thiab tsis plam.

Cov vuas yuav tsum yog ib yam thiab txawm tias zam kev teeb tsa teeb meem. Pobzeb nplaum yuav tsum tiv taus ya raws. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua rau lawv los npog qhov chaw. Cov vuas tau muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov, piv txwv li, nthuav av nplaum qhob screed.

Kev npaj sab hauv tsev

Chav no tuaj yeem muab cua sov convection rau lub caij ntuj no lossis lwm qhov cua sov tuaj yeem txuas nrog. Yuav tsum muaj qhov tso pa tawm.

Ua kom sov

Yog tias hauv pem teb yog ntoo, tom qab ntawv txheej txheem thev naus laus zis yog raws li hauv qab no:

• los ntawm hauv qab no, hauv qab cov cav, cov khoom siv hauv av tau txuas nrog;
• cov ntoo ntoo raug kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau ntoo;
• cov yeeb yaj kiab thaiv cov pa tau tso, tso dej ntau dhau thiab tiv thaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev kom tsis txhob ntub;
• xaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev tau muab tso rau (cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, polystyrene, nthuav polystyrene, thiab lwm yam);
• cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej (cov khoom vov tsev lossis zaj duab xis) tau tso;
• cov laug cam tau tso.

Yog hais tias hauv pem teb yog pobzeb, tom qab ntawd nthuav av nplaum qhob screed tau ua hauv qab cov vuas. Cov vuas tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov screed. Txawm li cas los xij, nws zoo dua rau nruab lub tshuab cua sov kom tsis txhob muaj qhov txias hauv pem teb.

Kev thaiv phab ntsa tuaj yeem ua tau sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los thaiv cov phab ntsa los ntawm sab nraud, yog li lawv yuav khov tsawg dua thiab yuav muaj qhov xwm txheej tsawg dua rau qhov ua rau sab hauv ntub.

Rau rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm chav sau khaub ncaws, ntawv ci-clad polystyrene, nthuav polystyrene lossis ntxhia wool yog siv.

Rau rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv, lathing tuav kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob tau txuas rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog ib qib ntawm ib nrab ntawm ib lub 'meter' . Cov ntawv ci polystyrene ua npuas ncauj tau txuas nrog lub stapler rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab tuav nrog txheej ci hauv chav. Kev sib txuas lus hluav taws xob tau nqa tawm hauv cov yas yas. Ib txoj hlua tau txuas rau saum cov tuav.

Rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab nrauv hauv qab lub rooj zaum ntsib tau ua raws li ib txwm muaj: lub crate yog siv cov tuav nrog ntu 50 los ntawm 50 mm, plaub caug tau muab tso rau hauv qab no thiab siab dua, uas cov tuav tau txuas los ntawm cov hlau txuas. Cov ntaub plaub ntxhia tau muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov pas tuav, tom qab ntawd tau ua cov pa thaiv. Ib lub crate tau ua rau saum rau lub ntsej muag. Rau sab nrauv sab nrauv, koj tseem tuaj yeem siv hom sib txawv. Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau cov cib lossis lwm cov phab ntsa uas tsis yog ntoo. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho sab, nws raug nquahu kom siv tshwj xeeb tsim cov khawm thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv.

Qab nthab rwb thaiv tsev zoo ib yam li rwb thaiv tsev . Nruab nrab ntawm cov lags muaj lub rhaub dej, los ntawm hauv qab nrog cov kab nyias nyias polyethylene ntawm cov ntawv ci puag yog sib tshooj. Cov pob qij txha raug kaw nrog kab xev thiab txhua yam no raug kaw los ntawm hauv qab nrog cov clapboard zoo nkauj.

Basalt wool, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab tiv taus ya raws, tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom siv cua sov zoo. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov rwb thaiv tsev ntau - sawdust, av nplaum, nthuav av nplaum, sawdust nrog nthuav av nplaum, sawdust nrog av nplaum, sawdust nrog cement.

Yog tias lub qab nthab ua haujlwm sib tshooj thiab yog hauv pem teb rau hauv pem teb saum toj no, tom qab ntawd cov ntaub npog zoo hauv pem teb tau muab tso rau saum cov cav. Thiab yog tias qhov no yog me me-siv nthab, rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub cav tau kaw nrog cov laug cam, nrog rau, yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem txav thiab quav ntau yam tais diav.

Qhov cua

Lub tshuab tso cua tso cai tswj hwm cov huab cua zoo hauv chav da dej, ua kom cov cua sov raug, kom qhuav, tso cua tawm. Kev tso cua kom ntseeg tau huab cua sib pauv. Nws tau ua los ntawm cov qhov cua nkag mus. Tsis tas li, qhov cua tuaj yeem muab los ntawm kev qhib qhov rai.

Qhov loj ntawm cov qhov cua nkag yog li 15x20 cm . Thawj qhov channel - muab cov channel, nyob ib sab ntawm lub qhov hluav taws kub, ntawm qhov siab tsawg dua ib nrab ntawm ib lub 'meter' hauv av. Lwm cov ciav hlau, lub qhov tso pa tawm, tau ua rau ntawm phab ntsa sib txawv ntawm qhov deb li ob metres ntawm hauv av. Cov kiv cua tuaj yeem teeb tsa hauv cov kab no kom nrawm dua qhov cua. Cov channel raug kaw feem ntau nrog cov khoom tsim nyog tsim nyog.

Cua sov

Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub nyob hauv ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm chav da dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej noo nyob hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, uas nyob ntawm txhua qhov chaw ib puag ncig thiab yam khoom.

Qhov laj thawj yuav yog chav hnav khaub ncaws txias, tso cua tawm uas tsis muab huab cua hloov pauv, nrog rau qhov kub tsis txias sab nraum. Txhawm rau tsim kom xis nyob microclimate hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, yuav tsum muaj cua sov ntxiv.

Ib txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm cua sov yog thaum da dej tau rhaub los ntawm lub qhov cub loj thiab ib qho ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov cub, qhov chaw tso hluav taws kub, nyob hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws.

Yog tias muaj lub qhov cub me me hauv chav da dej, tom qab ntawd nws lub peev xwm tsis txaus rau lwm qhov chaw.

Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias lub qhov cub tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev uas ib qho ntawm nws cov phab ntsa nrog lub tshuab ua kom sov ua kom sov chav tom ntej. Cov cua sov sau hauv lub rhaub dej kub yog txaus kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias.

Yog tias qhov loj ntawm chav hnav khaub ncaws txaus, ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem cua sov yog teeb tsa chav tsev cua sov cais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub qhov cub lossis, piv txwv li, lub qhov cub. Hauv cov cheeb tsam thiab cov chaw uas muaj cov pa nkev, cov da dej tuaj yeem ua kom sov nrog cov roj cua kub. Tsis tas li, yog tias cua sov hauv pem teb tau teeb tsa hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, qhov no pab txhawb kev tswj kom sov. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub qhov cub hluav taws xob kom sov.

Teeb pom kev zoo thiab rooj tog zaum

Yuav tsum tsis muaj lub teeb ci hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, qhov muag teev yuav tsum raug kaw. Lub teeb yuav tsum tau subdued, txhawb kom so thiab tsim coziness. Yog li ntawd, teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov xav tau dim, tsis txhob cuam tshuam. Hauv qhov no, tau kawg, qib ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum nyob kom txaus. Cov cuab yeej siv teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub ua rau siv cov teeb ci LED. Hom cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj los tsim cov kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim thiab cov kev daws teeb meem thawj zaug rau teeb pom kev zoo ntawm thaj chaw.

Cov xwm txheej hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws tsis txhoj puab heev, qhov kub thiab txias tsis dhau, zoo li hauv chav chav, yog li cov teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem siv tau.

Chandeliers nrog ntau hom teeb pom kev zoo tsim nyog rau chav hnav khaub ncaws ., nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem teeb cov teeb ntsa. Yog tias muaj chaw nyob hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws uas xav tau kev teeb pom kev ntxiv, piv txwv li, chav ua noj me me, lub rooj rau ua tshuaj yej, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov teeb hauv zos kom pom qhov chaw ntawd.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov teeb, nws yog qhov tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas rau qhov tso cov qhov (socket) thiab cov hloov pauv, vim tias lawv tsis tau teeb tsa hauv chav ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab chav ua noj.

Txij li chav hnav khaub ncaws kuj yog chav so, qhov no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv cov khoom vaj khoom tsev . Tau kawg, qhov loj ntawm chav txiav txim siab ntau. Yog tias chav hnav khaub ncaws me me, muaj cov rooj tog me me: rooj, quav lossis rooj zaum, dai khaub ncaws, txee. Yog tias muaj chaw seem ntau dua, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov xav tau kom muaj lub rooj zaum, lub txee dai khaub ncaws zoo, lub txee khau, daim iav. Ntxiv nrog rau cov rooj tog, nws tsis raug txwv kom teeb lub TV lossis lub suab paj nruag hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov cuab yeej no tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev so thiab rov zoo ntawm lub cev tom qab da dej.

Yog tias kev teeb tsa ua tiav raug, tom qab ntawd lub rooj ntev zaum thiab lub rooj yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv chav.

Lub tswv yim pab tau

Lub da dej yuav tsum muaj qhov cua tas li. Cov rooj tog ntoo yooj yim yuav tsum siv rau nws. Upholstered rooj tog tsis tsim nyog ntawm no, nws yuav hnav sai sai thiab poob nws qhov tsos.

Tsis txhob ua rau sab hauv ntau dhau, huab cua yuav tsum xis nyob thiab yooj yim.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias chav da dej muaj tus pas ntsuas kub thiab ntsuas sov, nrog rau lub teev teev teev.