Cov Menyuam Txaj (59 Duab): Yuav Xaiv Ib Txheej Rau Menyuam Li Cas? Yuav Ua Li Cas Ntxuav Cov Ntaub Duvet Thiab Cov Ntawv?

2024 Tus sau: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-18 12:13

Tus menyuam lub txaj yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog cov txaj zoo tshaj plaws. Hmoov zoo, hnub no qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam no tsuas yog loj heev, yog li nws yuav tsis nyuaj rau nrhiav cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws. Cov menyuam txaj yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub npe zoo, nws cov khoom muaj npe nrov rau qhov zoo tshaj. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog txiav txim siab hauv kev nthuav dav dab tsi ntawm cov menyuam cov ris tsho hauv qab muaj thiab yuav ua li cas lawv thiaj li yuav tsum tau xaiv ntse.

Qhov ntev thiab khoom siv

Koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tsis meej pem hauv ntau qhov ntau ntawm cov menyuam txaj. Thaum xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ua tiav ntawm cov teeb uas koj nyiam, nrog rau qhov ntsuas tsis sib xws ntawm ntau yam khoom siv hauv nws. Cov khoom siv nrov thiab xav tau tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam mos yug tshiab tau sib sau los ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• daim pam - feem ntau muaj qhov ntev me me (raws li txoj cai, 110x140 cm), cov tsheb kauj vab nyias nyias yog qhov zoo rau lub caij ntuj sov, thiab rau lub caij ntuj no nws zoo dua rau khaws cov ntxhuav lossis duvet;
• txaj - feem ntau cov txaj hauv cov teeb muaj qhov loj ntawm 120x60 cm;
• hauv ncoo - lub hauv paus no yuav tsum mos thiab nyias (tsis tuab li 2 cm), tab sis qee tus kws kho mob qhia kom tsis txhob siv lub hauv ncoo txhua lub sijhawm thawj lub hlis;
• tiv thaiv sab - qhov ntev ntawm ntu no feem ntau 360x36 cm, nws yuav tsum muaj txheej txheej nyab xeeb thiab muag muag uas yuav tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm kev raug mob;
• npog lub txaj - lub hauv paus no yog tsim los tiv thaiv lub txaj los ntawm txhua yam kev kis kab mob uas tsis tuaj yeem zam tau thaum muaj menyuam yaus nyob hauv tsev;

• hnab tshos sab - cov khoom no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab siv tau, lawv tau siv los khaws ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev saib xyuas menyuam yaus (cov no tuaj yeem yog ntaub pawm, fwj, ntaub so ntswg, khoom ua si thiab lwm yam zoo sib xws);
• canopy - ua tsis tau tsuas yog ua kom zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm kev tshav ntuj nrig, plua plav thiab ntau yam kab, uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau lub caij sov;
• daim ntawv - kev xaiv ruaj khov nruab nrog cov hlua khov tau suav tias yog qhov ua tiav tshaj plaws;
• lub tog hauv ncoo - nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov nyees khawm me me, cov tog hauv ncoo nrog cov hlua khi lossis cov hlua tshwj xeeb tau ua rau menyuam txaj;
• daim ntaub duvet - cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub linen yuav tsum yog me ntsis loj dua duvet (li 3-5 cm).

Tseem Ceeb! Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws muaj peev xwm ua tau kom tso tseg kev siv cov khoom xws li lub rooj tsav xwm tiv thaiv thiab lub ru tsev. Cov khoom zoo li no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev pub dawb ntawm huab cua, uas yog vim li ntawd, yuav ua rau kev noj qab haus huv tsis tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg siv me me thiab cuam tshuam ntawm nws pw tsaug zog zoo.

Raws li tau hais ua ntej, thaum xaiv lub txaj menyuam yaus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los xav txog nws qhov ntev:

• rau lub txaj uas xav tau rau tus menyuam yug tshiab, cov ntawv thiab ntaub npog tuaj yeem ntev 140-150 cm ntev, 100-120 cm dav, hauv ncoo muaj nyob ntev 40-60 cm thiab dav 40 cm.
• ib lub txaj rau cov menyuam kawm qib kindergarten tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog txheej uas qhov ntev thiab dav ntawm daim ntawv thiab daim npog duvet yog 145x150 cm, thiab lub tog hauv ncoo yog 60 cm ntev thiab 40 cm dav;
• ib-thiab-ib-ib nrab txaj ntaub pua chaw tsim los rau cov menyuam hluas suav nrog daim ntawv thiab ntaub npog uas muaj 210-220 cm ntev, 145-180 cm dav, thiab cov tog hauv ncoo muaj cov hauv qab no: ntev-60-70 cm, dav- 50-70 cm ib.

Ntau hom ntaub

Cov menyuam txaj yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv. Tus nqi kawg ntawm ib qho kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas no. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom yuav khoom rau cov neeg siv hluas tsuas yog cov khoom lag luam zoo ua los ntawm cov ntaub ib puag ncig zoo thiab nyab xeeb. Nws tsim nyog paub koj tus kheej nrog cov npe ntawm cov uas nquag siv.

Calico

Cov txaj uas ua los ntawm calico tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau lub khw. Cov khoom lag luam no raug lees paub tias yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws thiab xav tau ntau. Calico nws tus kheej yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov xov loj uas pom tau zoo hauv tus qauv, nrog rau lawv tshwj xeeb zoo li tus ntoo khaub lig. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj npe nrov rau qhov tseeb tias nws tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab nyuaj, ua tau zoo thiab tsis ntxim nyiam. Cov ntaub pua txaj ntxhib ntxhib ntxhib heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum piv nrog cov qauv cambric. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov nplaim yog matte - ntawm no koj yuav tsis pom qhov zoo nkauj ci zoo li, piv txwv li, hauv satin piv txwv. Ntxhib calico yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov menyuam yaus lub txaj, vim nws yooj yim zam rau kev ntxuav ntau, tsis tas yuav poob qhov zoo lossis nthuav tawm.

Flannel

Txog kev tsim cov txaj menyuam yaus, cov khoom siv xws li flannel kuj tseem zoo meej. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog txuag hluav taws xob thiab muag heev rau qhov kov. Muaj lub teeb ci ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov khoom flannel, zoo siab rau lub cev. Vim nws cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab, flannel tsis yooj yim nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Flannel ris tsho hauv qab yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj yog tias koj tab tom xaiv teeb tsa rau menyuam yaus rau lub caij so, thaum lub caij cua sov tseem tsis tau los txog hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom lag luam no muaj qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb - yog tias koj siv lawv ntau dhau, tom qab ntawd cov pellets tsis zoo tshwm rau ntawm lawv.

Xyoob

Cov ntaub pua txaj tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab uas yog cov khoom siv raw - xyoob - yog nrov heev niaj hnub no. Cov khoom lag luam zoo li xav tau, vim tias lawv muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam, thiab tseem muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov khoom xyoob ntoo tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis haum thiab ua rau tawv nqaij, yog li lawv tuaj yeem yuav nyab xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Xyoob linen yog lub teeb heev thiab muaj kev ntxhib los mos me ntsis. Hais txog qhov ua tau zoo, cov xyoob qauv zoo ib yam li txhob lo lo ntxhuav lossis cashmere, uas yog ntau lub sij hawm kim dua, tab sis yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los siv.

Paj rwb

Qhov no yog lwm daim ntaub uas nrov heev siv hauv txaj rau menyuam yaus thiab cov laus. Cov khoom siv paj rwb muaj tus nqi pheej yig thiab ua haujlwm tau ntev heev, uas nyiam ntau tus neeg siv khoom. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm paj rwb yog nws siab hygroscopicity. Cov kev xaiv zoo li no rau cov ntaub pua txaj kuj zoo vim tias lawv sov heev nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab tsis kub thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum xaiv cov paj rwb tsim nyog tsim nyog, ib tus yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias cov qauv tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam pheej yig tsis zoo li yuav kav ntev - lawv hnav sai yog qhov tsis yooj yim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv txhua hnub. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab kim kim, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsis tsuas yog siv sijhawm ntev, tab sis tseem khaws qhov ntxim nyiam rau ntau xyoo.

Satin

Cov ntaub xws li satin yog qhov zoo rau saum npoo zoo nkauj nrog lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ua kom zoo nkauj, nco txog satin. Vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xov paj, cov khoom siv satin yog cov yam ntxwv zoo uas muaj zog thiab tiv taus kom tawg, uas ua rau lawv yog cov tshuaj zoo rau kev npaj menyuam yaus lub txaj. Cov ris tsho hauv qab satin yog qhov ntxim nyiam tsis yog rau nws tsim, tab sis kuj rau nws qhov siab hygroscopicity. Ib qho ntxiv, nws tsis ntsws tom qab ntxuav thiab tsis tshua muaj pob txha. Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog lawv cov nqi siab.

Tsheb tuam

Lub tsheb kauj vab yog cov ntaub mos muag heev thiab tu cev, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev npaj tus menyuam pw hauv qhov chaw. Lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv no yog ob sab ua ke nrog pawg, uas ua kom muaj cua sov zoo. Txawm tias nws theem ntawm kev ceev, xws li ib tug ntaub absorbs noo noo zoo, xyuas kom tseeb tias tsis muaj teeb meem thiab dries sai sai. Qee zaum lub tsheb kauj vab muaj qhov feem pua me me ntawm viscose, uas ua rau cov khoom siv hauv paus ntau dua hnav-tiv taus thiab ruaj khov. Tau kawg, cov qauv nrog qhov sib ntxiv sib xws zoo li ntxim nyiam dua, tab sis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm hygroscopicity, uas yog qhov phem heev rau menyuam yaus lub txaj.

Mahra

Cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov ntaub tuab tuab nrog ib- lossis ob-sab pawg, uas tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm loops. Ua tsaug rau qhov tshwj xeeb no, cov ntaub npuag khav theeb nqus tau zoo. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom lag luam terry ua tsis taus pa zoo, muab sijhawm rau daim tawv nqaij kom "ua pa", uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg siv me me. Mahra khaws cov duab kom raug zoo. Cov ntaub no tsis ntsws lossis ncab raws sijhawm. Kev saib xyuas cov khoom lag luam terry yog qhov yooj yim - koj tsis xav tau cov hlau zoo li no. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom yuav cov khoom siv terry rau cov menyuam yaus, vim qhov tsis xis nyob tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov tawv nqaij mos ntawm menyuam yaus tuaj ntsib nrog pw.

Ntaub ntaub

Hom textile no tsis muaj kev sib tw hauv kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab ntuj tsim. Cov ntaub linen tsis tsuas yog tsis ua mob rau tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tabsis tseem muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog. Qee qhov txhab ntawm lub cev yuav kho sai me ntsis nrog cov khoom no. Ib qho ntxiv, cov ntaub linen zoo nqus tau cov dej noo ntau ntxiv thaum tswj cov cua sov sib npaug. Tab sis cov ntaub pua chaw ntaub pua chaw tau yuav rau lub txaj tsis ntau zaus, txawm tias lawv muaj qhov zoo. Qhov no yog vim lawv tus nqi ntau, nrog rau qee yam nyuaj hauv kev saib xyuas. Tej yam zoo li no yooj yim heev thaum siv thiab thaum ntxuav. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj heev los ua kom lawv du - nws feem ntau siv sijhawm ntau, uas tsis yog txhua tus neeg siv muaj.

Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem rau cov khoom lag luam zoo

Muaj ib txwm xav tau ntau heev ntawm cov menyuam txaj. Tsov txoj kev sib koom ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom niaj hnub ua raws li qhov no, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias tsis tas yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum xaiv cov khoom raug. Ua ntej yuav khoom, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau tus lej tseem ceeb.

• Kev Nyab Xeeb . Menyuam cov ntaub pua chaw yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li. Tias yog vim li cas cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo xaiv tsuas yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntuj, uas tsis muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Nco ntsoov tias lub npe ntaub uas siv thiab hom fiber ntau yuav tsum tau qhia ntawm lub ntim lossis daim ntawv cim npe.
• Zoo . Nco ntsoov tshuaj xyuas cov nqaws ntawm cov khoom xaiv. Cov kab yuav tsum ua kom zoo thiab ncaj nraim li sai tau. Yog tias koj pom qee qhov tsis xws luag hauv kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom, tom qab ntawv qhov no tuaj yeem qhia lawv cov khoom siv tes ua. Thiab kuj nws yog qhov tsim nyog saib cov ntaub los ntawm lub teeb - cov khoom yuav tsum sib npaug sib npaug.
• Hnov . Tej yam yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov tsw ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab lossis tsw ntxhiab ntawm qhov ntub. Qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem qhia txog kev khaws cov ntaub pua chaw tsis raug, nrog rau muaj cov tshuaj phem hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
• Qhov ntev Nco ntsoov xaiv lub txaj uas haum rau qhov tsim nyog. Cov ntawv txheeb, ntaub npog thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tsis txhob loj lossis me me. Yog tias koj tsis ua raws qhov kev xav tau no, tom qab ntawd tus menyuam yuav tsis xis nyob hauv nws lub txaj.
• Chaw tsim tshuaj paus Sim xaiv tsuas yog cov teeb tsa zoo los ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj npe zoo (muaj ntau ntawm lawv ntawm kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj yuav cov ris tsho hauv qab. Tau kawg, cov khoom lag luam muaj npe zoo li yuav kim dua, vim tias lawv tau tsim tawm raws li tus qauv xav tau, tab sis lawv yuav nyob ntev thiab yuav tsis ua mob rau menyuam.

Cov cai rau xaiv cov xim thiab tsim qauv ntawm kev pw tsaug zog

Thaum xaiv cov xim tshwj xeeb rau menyuam txaj, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no ntawm cov nplai sib txawv:

• ntsuab - cov xim no yuav pab tus me nyuam so kom txaus, nyob ntsiag to;
• liab - ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yuav ua rau muaj kev txhoj puab heev thiab tseem tuaj yeem tsim txom tus menyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias liab liab zoo nkauj heev;
• daj - zoo siab, ua rau tus menyuam zoo siab, tab sis tuaj yeem thab yog tias muaj ntau dhau ntawm nws;
• xiav - normalizes pw tsaug zog, so, soothes;
• dawb, beige - cov xim no tseem so, txhawb kom pw tsaug zog zoo;
• grey - ua rau tus menyuam muaj kev ntseeg tus kheej ntau dua, thaum hais lus yuav tsum tsawg heev;
• dub - cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam lub siab, yog tias muaj ntau dhau ntawm nws.

Tsis txhob xaiv cov khoom uas ci dhau, vim lawv yuav ua rau tus menyuam npau npau thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev tsaug zog sai. Nws kuj tseem zoo dua kom tsis txhob muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv sau thiab kos duab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias chav tau muaj txaus "muaj sia nyob" thiab muaj xim zoo nkauj. Muab kev nyiam rau qhov zoo, tab sis tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus lom, txwv tsis pub tus menyuam yuav tsis xis nyob hauv ib puag ncig zoo li no. Dub tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv ntxhua khaub ncaws, tab sis tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus sib xws. Hauv qhov ntau, cov xim no yuav tsum tsis yog, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau poob siab.

Sab saum toj manufacturers

Raws li tau hais ua ntej, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov menyuam yaus yuav cov txaj txaj uas muaj npe los ntawm cov npe muaj npe zoo. Hnub no muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tsim nyog txiav txim siab.

Cov txaj zoo tshaj plaws rau menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas tau muab los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab Turkish. Cov neeg siv khoom tawm qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo tshaj plaws txog cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj thiab nyab xeeb los ntawm cov khoom lag luam Altinbasak, Lub Thawv Paj Rwb, TAC, Hobby Home. Assortment ntawm cov tuam ntxhab no yog nplua nuj heev thiab sib txawv. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau Turkish txaj ntaub pua chaw ua los ntawm cov ntaub zoo rau txhua tus saj, xim thiab pob nyiaj siv

Cov khoom lag luam Polish muab tsis muaj tsawg dua qhov ua tau zoo thiab ntxim nyiam. Piv txwv li, kev lag luam thiab tsim khoom lag luam Kieczmerski muab cov khoom siv ntxim hlub rau menyuam yaus thiab menyuam mos hauv cov xim zoo nkauj thiab cov paj ntaub zoo li tsis cuam tshuam

Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam Lavxias tsis poob qab ntawm no, tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab ruaj khov rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog sib txawv. Ntau tus neeg siv khoom tig mus rau cov khoom lag luam ntawm Bambinizon, Olla, Papitto, Zolotko thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev feem ntau pheej yig thiab pom muaj nyob hauv ntau lub khw muag khoom, uas qhia tias lawv muaj

Cov lus pom zoo saib xyuas

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb ntawm cov menyuam txaj yog nyob ntawm cov ntaub uas nws tau tsim. Feem ntau, rau kev ntxuav thawj zaug, lub ntsej muag muag tau siv los saib seb qhov khoom ua li cas rau cov txheej txheem. Yav tom ntej, xa mus rau cov lus qhia ntawm daim ntawv lo. Menyuam khaub ncaws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntxuav nrog xab npum yooj yim. Rau qhov no, cov hauv qab no tau siv:

• tus me nyuam cov kua xab npum los yog hauv daim ntawv txhuam hniav;
• hmoov tshwj xeeb rau menyuam yaus;
• kua gel rau muag muag.

Nws tsim nyog ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:

• nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob siv lub tshuab cua txias;
• nco ntsoov khaws qhov muag ntawm qhov tsis huv ntawm cov menyuam txaj; nws yog qhov zoo dua los faib cov pob tawb cais rau nws - tsis txhob sib xyaw nrog cov neeg laus;
• ntxuav cov khoom qias neeg nyob rau tib hnub kom cov ntaub tsis nqus cov xim;
• av los ntawm kua txiv los yog mis nyuj yuav tsum xub muab ntxuav, thiab kev ntxhua khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tom qab xwb;
• tus menyuam cov ris tsho hauv qab yuav tsum tau ironed yam tsawg kawg kom txog thaum nws muaj 3 xyoos.

Xyuas

Cov neeg yuav khoom tawm ntau qhov kev tawm tswv yim zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas muaj npe menyuam yaus ua los ntawm cov khoom siv zoo. Tau kawg, ntau tus neeg tau pom tus nqi siab ntawm cov khoom lag luam (tshwj xeeb yog rau cov paub zoo hauv Turkish lossis Italian hom), tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom yuav khoom ntau dua li tus nqi. Hauv cov qauv los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab, piv txwv li, Turkish, Belarusian thiab Polish, cov neeg siv khoom tsis pom ib qho kev ua txhaum loj. Qee cov neeg siv khoom ntsib cov xim ploj thiab ua rau cov khoom tsis muaj dej tom qab ntxuav. Hauv qhov no, qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem dag hauv kev saib xyuas tsis raug lossis khoom cuav yuav los ntawm tus muag khoom tsis raug cai (yog tias peb tham txog cov npe xaiv). Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ntsib cov teeb meem zoo li no, koj yuav tsum hu rau cov chaw muag khoom ntseeg thiab cov khw hauv online nrog lub koob npe zoo. Ib qho ntxiv, ntau tus neeg txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv muaj npe los ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws kom raug nqi ntau.

Piv txwv zoo nkauj

Ib txheej daus-dawb nrog cov duab kos sib txawv ntawm cov tsiaj sib txawv ntawm cov xim tsis zoo yuav saib ntxim hlub hauv txaj. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov phab ntsa dawb-dawb, koj tuaj yeem npaj cov txaj zoo nkauj ntawm ob lub txaj hluas, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm tus tsov ntxhuav thiab tus vaub kib los ntawm lub npe nrov Soviet tas luav. Lub txaj, muaj los ntawm tus ntxhais huab tais, yuav ci nrog cov xim tshiab thaum ua tiav los ntawm paj yeeb Hello Kitty-style txaj thiab "thim rov qab" los ntawm cov ntaub pua plag xiav thiab daj.